• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.58-64
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• 2017

Polysaccharides are useful materials for keep skin moisturizing and skin improvement cosmetic materials. We have isolated polysaccharides form Gracilariopsis sp. The polysaccharide derived from Gracilariopsis sp. have various size of 300kDa, 500kDa and over 1,000kDa. The volunteers applied a cream formula with polysaccharides from Graciariopsis sp. for 4 weeks. We found significant improvement of wrinkles and skin texture. We also found an effect of improving skin elasticity. When the moisture reduction rate of the skin was 2.8% lower than the 5.1% of hyaluronic acid. The polysaccharide extract from Gracilariopsis sp. showed stable pH and viscosity. The polysaccharides derived from Gracilariopsis sp. could be used as a cosmetic material.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.202-207
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• 2013

In this study, saponin content of extract from modified preconditioning process was investigated in Saponaria officinalis L. for cosmetic natural surfactant. Saponin content in steamed leaves from S. officinalis L. was about three times more than that in dried leaves (tea saponin and quillaja saponin). And saponin extracts from steamed leaves was excellently shown in both forming force and forming stability. In emulsion activity, saponin extracts from steamed leaves had a similar level to quillaja saponin and tea saponin. Saponin extracts from steamed leaves in S. officinalis L. showed nontoxic effect below in $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ of concentration and dose-dependent inhibition of NO production. From the experiment, the extracts of S. officinalis L. showed good cosmetic agent.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.277-279
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• 2010

This study examined the ultraviolet-A blocking effect and antioxidant activity of Gracilariopsis chorda extract for use as sunscreen agents in cosmetics. The maximum absorbance at ultra violet-A320-330 and transmissivity was 20-80%. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radical scavenging activity of Gracilariopsis chorda extract was 68?96% and increased with the sample concentration. This indicates that Gracilariopsis chorda extract is a promising natural compound that could be useful as a sunscreen.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2018

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes inflammation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) over-expression and extra cellular matrix depletion, leading to skin photo-aging such as wrinkle formation, dryness, and sagging. In this study, we demonstrated that pretreatment with the hexane extract of microalgae protects UVB mediated cell damages. The results of clinical study showed that Microalgal Oil treated group reduced wrinkle and improve elasticity. All these results suggest Microalgal Oil may be useful as new photo-aging cosmetics for protection against UV induced activity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.977-982
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• 2000

Conventional transistors which have vertical structure show increased parasitic capacitance characteristics in accordance with the increase of non-active base area and collector area. These consequently have disadvantage for high speed switching performance. In this paper, a lateral structure transistor which has minimized parasitic capacitance by using SDB(Silicon Direct Bonding) wafer and oxide sidewall isolation utilizing silicon trench technology is presented. Its structural characteristics are designed by ATHENA(SUPREM4), the process simulator from SILVACO International, and its performance is proven by ATLAS, the device simulator from SILVACO International. The performance of the proposed lateral structure transistor is certified through the V$\_$CE/-I$\_$C/ characteristics curve, h$\_$FE/-I$\_$C/ characteristics, and GP-plot. Cutoff Frequency is 13.7㎓.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.50.1-50.1
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• 2016

The incorporation of radiation from massive stars is essential for modeling the dynamics and chemistry of star-forming clouds, yet it is a computationally demanding task for three-dimensional problems. We describe the implementation and tests of radiative transfer module due to point sources on a three-dimensional Cartesian grid in the Eulerian MHD code Athena. To solve the integral form of the radiation transfer equation, we adopt a widely-used long characteristics method with spatially adaptive ray tracing in which rays are split when sampling of cells becomes coarse. We use a completely asynchronous communication pattern between processors to accelerate transport of rays through a computational domain, a major source of performance bottleneck. The results of strong and weak scaling tests show that our code performs well with a large number of processors. We apply our radiation hydrodynamics code to some test problems involving dynamical expansion of HII regions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.759-762
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• 2000

Present transistors which have vertical structure show increased parasitic capacitance characteristics in accordance with the increase of non-active base area and collector area, consequently have disadvantage for high speed switching performance. In this paper, a horizontal structure transistor which has minimized parasitic capacitance in virtue of SDB(Silicon Direct Bonding) wafer and oxide sidewall isolation utilizing silicon trench technology is presented. Its structural characteristics were designed by ATHENA(SUPREM4), the process simulator from SILVACO International, and its performance was proven by ATLAS, the device simulator from SILVACO International. The performance of the proposed horizontal structure transistor was certified through the VCE-lC characteristics curve, $h_{FE}$ -IC characteristics, and GP-plot.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

This study focuses on the potential flow analysis for a hull with the transom stern. The method is based on a low order panel method. The Kelvin type free-surface boundary condition which is known to better fit experimental data for a high speed is applied. To treat a dry transom stern effect a special treatment for the free-surface boundary condition is adopted at the free-surface region after the transom stern. Trim and sinkage, which are important in high speed ships, are considered by an iterative method. Pressure and momentum approaches are used to calculate the wave resistance. Numerical calculations are performed for Athena hull and these results are compared with the experimental data and also other computational results.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.330-330
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• 1999

This paper describes the development, operations, and applications of ROCSAT-1 and its Ocean Color Imager(OCI) remote-sensing payload. It is the first satellite program of NSPO. The satellite was successfully launched by Lockheed Martin's Athena on January 26, 1999 from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.9
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• pp.54-61
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• 1998

A new Triple well structure is proposed for improved latch-up immunity at deep submicron CMOS device. Optimum latch-up immunity process condition is established and analyzed with varying ion implantation energy and amount of dose and also compared conventional twin well structure. Doping profile and structure are investigated using ATHENA which is process simulator, and then latch-up current is calculated using ATLAS which is device simulator. Two types of different process are affected by latch-up characteristics and shape of doping profiles. Finally, we obtained the best latch-up immunity with 2.5[mA/${\mu}{m}$] trigger current using 2.5 MeV implantation energy and 1$\times$10$^{14}$ [cm$^{-2}$ ] dose at p-well