• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.348-355
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• 2017

Aster yomena (AY) have been used as a traditional medicine to treat cough, bronchial asthma, and insect bites in Korea. In this study, we evaluated the inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice by AY ethanol extract. Lipid accumulation measurement indicates that AY markedly inhibited adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. qRT-PCR results demonstrated that the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ ($PPAR-{\gamma}$) in 3T3-L1 cells were significantly down-regulated by AY treatment. And inhibited the expression of FAS, a protein responsible for lipid synthesis, transport and storage. Oral administration of AY (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg, P.O/daily for 4 weeks) was conducted in high-fat diet induced obese mice and C57BL/6 mice. AY was orally administered for 4 weeks to extract liver and epididymal fat, and hematoxylin and eosin staining(H&E staining) was observed. Observation showed that the fat concentration of liver tissue tended to decrease dose-dependently and decreased significantly at 500 mg/kg concentration. The AY-administered group of HFD-induced mice had a lower body weight gain, along with decreased triglycerides and total cholesterol compared with the control mice, however, the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was increased. These results indicate that AY exhibits anti-obesity effects in obese mice by decreasing in serum lipid levels and lipogenesis related gene.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 1997

The effects of Aster scaber(Cham chyi) and Ixeris dentata(Sumbagui) of composite were studied on lipid metabolism in rats. Thirty rats were divided into five groups and fed diets containing 1% cholesterol, 0.25% sodium cholate, 10% coconut oil and 5% lard(control group) for 4 weeks. For each experimental diet added was 5% plant powder or extract of the plant which was equivalent to 5% Plant powder by dry weight. The lipid components of serum were assayed. The concentration of the total cholesterol was significantly lower in Cham chyi, and Sumbagui powder and the extract groups of those powder than the control group. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in rats fed Cham chyi and Sumbagui powder than the control group. The concentration of LDL, LDL-cholestrol, VLDL and chylomicron were comparatively lower in Cham chyi and Sumbagui powder groups than those in the control group. The concentration of seum triglyceride was lower in Cham chyi powder fed group than the control group.

• Atmosphere
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.601-610
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• 2015

This study measured the emissivity spectra of 5 major rock-forming minerals using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer in the spectral region of $650{\sim}1400cm^{-1}$. The mineral samples are quartz, albite, bytownite, anorthite, and sandstone. We compared emissivity spectra measured in this study with spectra provided by Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Arizona State University (ASU). The spectral features of emissivity such as Reststrahlen Band (RB) and Christiansen Feature (CF) locations were compared. Results showed that both CF and RB locations of emissivity spectra measured in this study were similar to those from ASTER and ASU. In the case of quartz, the RB was occurred in the region of $700{\sim}850cm^{-1}$ and $1050{\sim}1250cm^{-1}$. The spectral position of emissivity peak was in good agreement with the location of ASTER and ASU. For plagioclase (albite, bytownite, and anorthite), the spectral location of CF was shifted toward larger wavenumber and the emissivity value was increased in the region of $870{\sim}1200cm^{-1}$ with Ca percentage. The CF of anorthite and bytownite was occurred at $1245.79cm^{-1}$, and that of albite was occurred at $1283.79cm^{-1}$. We also confirmed that emissivity feature of sandstone includes both emissivity features of quartz and calcite. However, there were some differences in the magnitude of emissivity and locations of RB and CF. These were due to the differences in measurement methods, and differences in particle size and temperature of samples.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2016

Five caffeoylquinic acids of Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae Kitamura (Compositae) leaves were identified using standard compounds by HPLC and determined as follows: 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.92 ± 0.06 ㎎/g dried weight), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.95 ± 0.13 ㎎/g), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.39 ± 0.10 ㎎/g), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid, 8.05 ± 0.21 ㎎/g), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.97 ± 0.18 ㎎/g). The total content of five caffeoylquinic acids were calculated as 26.73 ± 0.26 ㎎/g dried weight while the percentage of the five compounds in the MeOH extract was calculated as 25.22 ± 0.25%. The IC₅₀ value of the MeOH extract scavenging peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) was shown as 5.16 ± 0.15 ㎍/㎖.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.283-290
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• 2020

Oxidative stress is one of the contributors of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. According to previous studies, Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda (AY) possesses variable pharmacological activities including anti-coagulant and anti-obesity effect. In this study, we aimed to determine the neuroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda (EFAY) against oxidative stress. Therefore, we carried out 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,3-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate assays in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). H₂O₂-treated control cells exhibited reduced viability of cells, and increased LDH release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to normal cells. However, treatment with EFAY restored the cell viability and inhibited LDH release and ROS production. To investigate the underlying mechanisms by which EFAY attenuated neuronal oxidative damage, we measured protein expressions using Western blot analysis. Consequently, it was observed that EFAY down-regulated cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β protein expressions in H₂O₂-treated SH-SY5Y cells that mediated inflammatory reaction. In addition, apoptosis-related proteins including B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma-2 ratio, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein expressions were suppressed when H₂O₂-treated cells were exposed to EFAY. Our results indicate that EFAY ameliorated H₂O₂-induced neuronal damage by regulating inflammation and apoptosis. Altogether, AY could be potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

This study evaluated the dermal cytotoxicity of sodium bromate (NaBrO₃) and the protective effect of Aster tataricus L. (AT) extract against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts. For this study, it was done the antioxidative effects such as electron donating (ED) activity and lipid peroxidation (LP) activity as well as cell viability. NaBrO₃ significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and its XTT₅₀ value was measured at a concentration of 54.4 μM in these cultures. The cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃ was determined as highly-toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The quercetin, antioxidant significantly increased cell viability against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity. Regarding the protective effect of Aster tataricus (AT) L. extract on NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity, AT extract significantly increased the cell viability, the ED ability and the inhibitory ability of LP. From these findings, it suggested that the oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃, and AT extract effectively protected NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidative effects. Conclusively, the natural component like AT extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for the diminution or treatment of the cytotoxicity correlated with oxidative stress like hair dye component, NaBrO₃.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.409-413
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• 1996

To search for bioactive compounds from plant resources, 80% methanol extracts of 46 species of weeds were screened for their activities of antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiblebing, antitumor and herbicidal. Among extracts tested, some showed activities at the concentration of $50\;to\;100\;{\mu}g/ml$. Phryma leptostachya var. asiatica, Aster ageratoides, Centipeda minima, Cirsium pendulum, Lythrum anceps showed antibacterial activity. Penthorum chinense, Lindernia procumbens, Aster ageratoides, Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus showed antiblebing activity. Phyma leptostachya var. asiatica, Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Lindernia procumbens, Aster ageratoides, Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus, Viscum album var. coloratum showed antitumor activity. Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Hypericum ascyron, Juncus papillosus, Inula britannicar var. chinensis, Scirpus wichurae, Hypericum laxum showed antioxidant activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.200-204
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• 2018

Sclerotinia rot symptoms were frequently found on the stems of Aster yomena in the Gurye region of Korea in April 2016. The symptom, watery soft rot, mainly appeared on the stems, and severely infected plants blighted. White mycelia spread over the stems of the infected plants and the soil surface. Small black sclerotia formed on the plant lesions and inside the diseased stems. Incidence of the disease was as high as 20~80% in the A. yomena fields. Based on the morphological and molecular characteristics of the isolates, the fungi were identified as Sclerotinia minor. This is the first report of Sclerotinia rot caused by Sclerotinia minor on A. yomena in Korea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

Aster Yomena (AY) has been used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, diabetes and osteoarthritis. However, protective effect of AY on acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been reported. The present study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol extract of AY on cerulein-induced AP. AP was induced in mice by intraperitoneally injecting cerulein ($50{\mu}g/kg$) hourly for 6 times. 70% ethanol extract of AY (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/kg) was orally administered for 1 week before acute pancreatitis induction. The mouse was killed at 6 hours after the final cerulein injection. The pancreas and lung were rapidly removed for histological examination and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Blood samples were taken to determine serum amylase and lipase activity. In addition real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was also performed to investigate mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as $TNF-{\alpha}$. $IL-1{\beta}$, and IL-6. Administration of AY significantly ameliorated pancreatic weight to body weight ratio, histological damages and MPO activity during AP. In addition, AY inhibited the serum amylase and lipase activity during AP. Also, mRNA expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 were inhibited by AY against AP. Our results revealed that pre-treatment of AY reduces the severity of cerulein-induced AP. Therefore, AY may have a protective effect drug against AP.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.662-668
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• 2021

Aster koraiensis Nakai (A. koraiensis) which has been used as a food and medicinal plant in the past, is valuable as functional food material. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant properties and major phenolics of A. koraiensis extracts with different ethanol concentrations (0, 50, 70, and 100% aqueous ethanol solution). When ethanol concentration in the extraction solvent was increased, extraction yield decreased; 34.2, 23.2, 21.0, and 5.5% in 0, 50, 70, and 100% ethanolic extracts, respectively. Total phenolics content and antioxidant activities of extracts were increased in an ethanol concentration-dependant manner. The major phenolics in the extracts were chlorogenic acid (21.264~58.666 mg/g), isochlorogenic acid A (10.432~145.353 mg/g), and isochlorogenic acid C(0.239~13.148 mg/g), and these phenolic contents were higher in 70 and 100% ethanolic extracts than other extracts. Significant correlations were observed between ethanol concentration of extraction solvent, antioxidant properties, and major phenolics. These results indicated that the optimal ethanol concentration for extraction was 70%.