• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.341-346
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• 2013

The risk of cervical cancer development in women infected with HPV varies in relation to the individual host's genetic makeup. Many studies on polymorphisms as genetic factors have been aimed at analyzing associations with cervical cancer. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 3 genes were investigated in relation to cervical cancer progression in HPV16 infected women with lesions. Two thousand cervical specimens were typed by PCR sequencing methods for TP53 (rs1042522), p16 (rs11515 and rs3088440) and NQO1 (rs1800566). Ninety two HPV16 positive cases and thirty two normal cases were randomly selected. Analysis of TP53 (rs1042522) showed a significantly higher frequency in cancer samples (OR=1.22, 95%CI=1.004-1.481, p-value=0.016) while differences in frequency were not significant within each group (p-value=0.070). The genotype distributions of p16 (rs11515 and rs3088440) and NQO1 (rs1800566) did not show any significantly higher frequency in cancer samples (p-value=0.106, 0.675 and 0.132, respectively) or within each group (p-value=0.347, 0.939 and 0.111, respectively). The results indicated that the polymorphism in TP53 (rs1042522) might be associated with risk of cervical cancer development in HPV16 infected women. Further studies of possible mechanisms of influence on cervical cancer development would be useful to manage HPV infected patients.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.48-55
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• 2009

This paper presents a high-speed Forward Error Correction (FEC) architecture based on three-parallel Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder for next-generation 100-Gb/s optical communication systems. A high-speed three-parallel RS(255,239) decoder has been designed and the derived structure can also be applied to implement the 100-Gb/s RS-FEC architecture. The proposed 100-Gb/s RS-FEC has been implemented with 0.13-${\mu}m$ CMOS standard cell technology in a supply voltage of 1.2V. The implementation results show that 16-Ch. RS-FEC architecture can operate at a clock frequency of 300MHz and has a throughput of 115-Gb/s for 0.13-${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. As a result, the proposed three-parallel RS-FEC architecture has a much higher data processing rate and low hardware complexity compared with the conventional two-parallel, three-parallel and serial RS-FEC architectures.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 1996

Effects of replacement of corn starch with Amylomaize Vll starch and addition of enzyme-resistant starch on texture characteristics of com bread (CON) were investigated. Amylomaize-substituted corn bread (AMZ) was made by replacing corn starch with Amylomaize Vll starch. 15% (RSl5) and 30％ (RS30) of butter, was replaced with enzyme-resistant starch (RS) from Amylomaife Vll starch, respectively. Textu,e describing terms were classified according to their physical properties. Result of sensory evaluation characteristics showed that the size of air cells increased as butter replacement level decreased and that hardness increased but springiness decreased as com starch was replaced with Amylomaize Vll starch. The results of Texture Profile Analysis with deformation of 30% and 50% showed that hardness inclosed but cohesiveness decreased as cooling time increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.329-332
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• 2002

In this study, we reviews the application of GIS(Geographic Information system) and RS(Remote sensing) for many fields of the fisheries and ocean science. GIS and RS plays an important role as a advanced science and technology, and becomes a powerful tool of the study and research in various fields of Earth Science. In future, GIS and RS will be greatly used to observed and predict various phenomena associated with the fisheries and ocean environments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2C
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• pp.219-228
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• 2010

In this paper, performance of RS (Reed-Solomon), turbo and LDPC (low density parity check) code in the binary symmetric erasure channel is investigated. When the average erasure length is reduced, the frequency of short erasures is increased. The RS code shows serious performance degradation in such an environment since decoding is carried out symbol-by-symbol. As the erasure length is increased, however, the RS code shows much improved en-or performance. On the other hand, the message and corresponding parity symbols of the turbo code can be erased at the same time for the long erasures. Accordingly, iterative decoding of the turbo code can not improve error performance any more for such a long erasure. The LDPC code shows little difference in error performance with respect to the variation of the average erasure length due to the virtual interleaving effect. As a result, the LDPC code has much better erasure decoding performance than the RS and turbo code.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.487-494
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• 1992

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of addition of Lucerne juice (LJ) obtained by mechanical extraction of freshly harvested crop on the nutritive value of rice straw silage. Rice straw (RS) was ensiled with intact, NaOH or $NH_3$ treated LJ at 3:7 ratio on fresh weight basis (LJ RS, LJ NaOH RS and LJ $NH_3$ RS, respectively). Each alkali was mixed with fresh juice at a level of 4% of rice straw dry matter just before ensiling. Rice straw ensiled with water was prepared as the control (W RS). In the digestion trial, goats were allocated in a $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design and fed the diet containing three parts of RS silage and one part of wheat bran (DM basis). For the goats receiving the control silage, urea was supplemented at feeding time so as to adjust the nitrogen intake except for goats on LJ $NH_3$ RS silage. Crude protein content of RS silage was increased from 5.2 to 9.1% (DM basis) by the addition of intact LJ and to about 24% by $NH_3$ treated LJ. The control W RS silage contained only trace amount of lactic acid and was dominated by acetic and butyric acid. The addition of intact LJ reduced butyric acid content and $NH_3-N/TN$ of the silage whereas the addition of alkalized LJ increased those values and shifted to a butyrate type fermentation. Nutrient digestibilities and nitrogen balance of goats were almost the same when they were fed W RS and LJ RS silage indicating the addition of intact LJ did not improve the nutritive value. The addition of alkalized LJ significantly increased the fiber digestibilities of RS silage and $NH_3$ treatment was more effective than NaOH treatment. Postprandial ruminal $NH_3-N$ and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were decreased by feeding LJ NaOH RS silage suggesting ruminal protein synthesis was enhanced along with the increase of energy supply for supply for rumen microbes by the alkali treatment. The advantageous fiber digestibilities of LJ $NH_3$ RS silage compared with those of LJ NaOH RS silage might be attributable to a sufficient nitrogen supply for microbial fiber digestion in the rumen.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.734-741
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• 2002

An experimental study was carried out for beam-column joints composed of RC column and RS beams. The purpose of this study is to examine the inelastic seismic behavior for the RC-RS connection. Two interior and one exterior beam-column assemblies with variable moment ratios were tested. Experimental results showed that strength and deformability except stiffness were satisfactory. It is considered that the lack of stiffness was due to the slipping of steel beam from RS beam. The behavioral characteristics of the RC-RS connection were evaluated according to the quideline suggested by Hawkins et al. Nominal strength at 5 ％ joint distortion was not satisfactory, but all the other requirements, such as strength preserving capability, energy dissipation, and initial stiffness and strength ratios after peak load were satisfactory compared with the guideline. Thus it was concluded that the RC-RS connections can maintain ductility with excellent energy-dissipating capacity if being provided with appropriate reinforced structural system such as RC core wall for the initial lateral stiffness.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 1998

In this paper, RS coded DTMF modulation for reliable data transmission over mobile fading channels is considered. The circuits of (15,9) RS codec are proposed and synthesized, and the performances are evaluated over fading channels. The codec circuits take about 14000 gates standardized by 2-input NAMD gate. The (15,9) RS coded DTMF signalling provides theoretical coding gain more than 20 dB over fading channels for BER 10.6, the criterion for data transmissions in mobile communications such as IMT-2000. Thus, It is very effective to apply RS codec to DTMF signalling for data transmission in mobile communications over fading channels.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.373-379
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• 1998

Rhizoctonia solani [Thanatephorus cucumeris (frank) Donk], one of the major soil-borne plant pathogens with world-wide distribution, can cause great damages on various crops. In Korea, sheath blight on rice caused by this pathogen is the major concern, and active studies on this pathogen have been performed. However, most of these studies were concerned with pathogenicity of the isolates instead of molecular analyses of different AGs of R. solani. Therefore, in this study, thirty isolates of Rhizoctonia solani collected from various sources were used for the analyses of genetic relationships among themselves and for the rapid anastomosis grouping with RAPD method. As a result, thirty isolates of known and unknown AGs were grouped into five subgroups and each group included AG-1, AG-2, AG-3, AG-4, and AG-5. RS-1 isolate was found to be closely related to AG-5. Isolates RS-4, RS-14, RS-17, and RS-16 were found to be closely related to AG-2-2(III B). Isolate RS-13 was closely related to AG-4, isolates RS-8 and RS-10 were closely related to AG-1(I B), and isolates RS-7 and RS-21 were closely related to AG-2-2(IV). Isolate RS-19 was closely related to AG-1(I C), and isolates RS-3, RS-5, RS-18, RS-6, and RS-15 were found to be closely related to AG-1.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.110-116
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• 2008

Blood pressure refers to the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels, and chronical elevation of blood pressure is known as hypertension. Although hypertension is affected by genetic and environmental factors, the genetic background of hypertension is not fully understood. One of the candidate genetic factors, Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), is a membrane-bound enzyme, catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin, and recently SNPs of PTGS2 gene was associated with hypertension in Japanese population. Therefore the association of PTGS2 polymorphisms was investigated with blood pressure in healthy Korean subjects, 470 unrelated individuals randomly selected from Ansung and Ansan cohorts. The 25 SNPs of PTGS2 gene were identified by the sequencing analysis of 24 Korean samples. Among identified polymorphisms, three SNPs (rs689466, -1329A>G; rs5275, +6365T>C; rs4648308, +8806G> A) were selected for further association analysis, and rs689466 located in promoter region was associated with blood pressure as well as triglyceride level in the blood. By in silico analysis, rs689466 locates in v-Myb transcription factor binding site, and the v-Myb site disappears when the SNP is changed from A to G nucleotide. Individuals with A/G and G/G genotype in rs689466 have higher blood pressure than those with A/A genotype, and the regression p-value is 0.008 for systolic and 0.004 for diastolic blood pressure. In summary, the PTGS2 polymorphism (rs689466) is associated with blood pressure in Asian populations based on this and Japanese studies, shedding light on it as a genetic risk marker of hypertension.