• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2006

A 2,656 bp fragment of chicken ghrelin gene was cloned and SNPs were detected by PCR-RFLP and Allele Specific PCR (ASP) in 12 Chinese indigenous chicken breeds and a commercial chicken population. The results showed that there were 23 base variations and an amino acid change ($Gln{\rightarrow}Arg$) in cloned chicken ghrelin gene. Three SNPs were confirmed in 13 populations and associations between this gene and growth traits of Tibetan chicken (TC) and Recessive White chicken (RW) were investigated. The results of haplotype analysis revealed that 26 haplotype genotypes were composed of eight haplotypes. The results of $x^2$ tests indicated that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotype frequencies in some of the breeds or sexes at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. The results of ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotypes on some growth traits of TC and RW chicken breeds at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. Multiple comparisons showed that there were significant associations between genotype CT at site 71 and some growth traits of two chicken breeds and between genotype AG at site 1,215 and body weight at 16 wk of two chicken breeds, and there was a significant association between haplotype genotype CAA/CAG and body weight and shank girth at 16 wk of two chicken breeds.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.870-879
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the obesity and state of dietary intake of 216 young Korean females, and the influence of $\beta$-II, III Adrenergic receptor (AR) gene polymorphism upon obesity and dietary intake. The average weight, height and BMI of the subjects were 160 cm, 54 kg, and 20.9 kg/$m^2$, respectively. The average triceps skinfold thickness, waist circumference, hip circumference and WHR were 21.7mm, 73.1cm, 93.3cm and 0.78, respectively. The results of body composition measurement using bioimpedance method, average body fluid, body protein, mineral mass and body fat were 29.271, 7.22 kg, 6.79 kg and 19.16 kg, respectively. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method. Average calorie intake was 1621 ㎉, which is 81% of Korean RDA. We detected 182 (84.3%) Gln27 (QQ) homozygotes and 34 (15.7%) Gln27Glu (QE) heterozygotes for $\beta$-II AR polymorphism. For $\beta$-III AR polymorphism, we detected 163 (75.5%) Trp64 (WW) and 53 (24.5%) Trp 64Arg (WR). The results of comparing of obesity by $\beta$-II AR gene polymorphism, obesity index and BMI of QE type were slightly higher than those of the QQ type. For $\beta$-III AR gene polymorphism, the mean BMI, obesity index, fat mass and percent body fat (%) of the WR type were significantly higher than those of the WW type (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that genetic variability in the human $\beta$-III AR is associated with obesity among young Korean females. We also evaluated the effect of the simultaneous presence of the $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR polymorphism on obesity. We found that the BMI and obesity index of the mutant type in both $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR were significantly higher than those of the type that has only one gene mutation or has no mutation (p < 0.05), indicating a synergistic effect of $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR polymorphism on obesity. No association was found between $\beta$-II Ad or $\beta$-III AR polymorphism and dietary intake.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.598-605
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• 2010

This study investigated the physicochemical and enzymatic properties of unmarketable bastard halibut (Paralichthys olivaceus) cultured in different regions (i.e., Jeju, Wando, and Geoje) as a potential source of surimi and surimi gel. The proximate composition of unmarketable bastard halibut cultured in different regions did not differ significantly at P<0.05. Compared to Alaska pollock muscle, all of the unmarketable bastard halibut muscle had a 4% higher crude protein content and 5% lower moisture content. The collagen content of bastard halibut muscle cultured in Jeju was 1.96 g/100 g, which was higher than in fish cultured in other regions. Regardless of the region where cultured or pH, the enzymatic activities of the crude extracts from unmarketable bastard halibut muscle ranged from 0.30.0.48 U/mg for casein and hemoglobin, 11.9.13.7 U/mg for LeuPNA, 5.6.6.7 U/mg for ArgPNA, 2.8.4.7 U/mg for SAAPFNA, and 0.1.0.2 U/mg for BAPNA. Regardless of region, no mercury or lead was found in any of the unmarketable bastard halibut muscle, except for lead in fish cultured in Geoje. The strength of surimi gels from unmarketable bastard halibut cultured in Jeju, Geoje, and Wando was 1059, 988, and 900 g${\times}$cm, respectively. The surimi gel from unmarketable bastard halibut cultured in Jeju was stronger than commercial Alaska pollock surimi, which was grade SA.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.727-738
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• 2002

본 시험은 각각의 필수아미노산 결핍사료 섭취에 의한 단기간의 섭식반응과 methionine 결핍(-Met) 사료 섭취시 뇌내 각 부위에 나타나는 Fos 면역반응을 조사하여 아미노산 결핍이 뇌내 섭식반응과 관련있는 부위를 명확히 알고자 수행하였다. 실험사료의 단백질원은 정제아미노산을 이용하였다. 시험에 이용된 모든 사료의 질소원은 순수 아미노산 혼합물을 이용하였으며, 사료내 단백질 함량은 15%로 하였다. 사료는 하루 6시간 동안 섭취하도록 적응을 시켰으며(17:00${\sim}$21:00, meal feeding method), 사료섭취량과 증체량은 사료급여 7일째부터 매시간 측정하였다. 실험 1에서는 각 필수아미노산 결핍사료가 사료섭취량, 체중 변화 및 섭식패턴에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였고, 실험 2에서는 Fos 면역조직 화학적 방법을 사용하여 methio- nine 결핍사료에 대하여 회피 반응을 나타내는 동안에 활성을 보이는 뇌의 영역을 확인하였다. 각 필수아미노산 결핍사료 섭취에 따른 초기 섭식 억제 정도는 methionine이 가장 강하게 나타난 반면 threonine이 가장 약하였다. 결핍사료 급여 3일째의 사료섭취량은 대조구 사료에 비하여 histidine(71%), leucine(68%), isoleucine (66%), threonine(63%), tryptophan(61%), valine (55%), phenylalanine(52%), methionine(51%), lysine(44%), arginine(24%) 순으로 억제되었다. 뇌 신경 영역에 Fos 면역활성은 PPC, amygdala 및 endopyriform cortex(EPC) 부분이 대조구에 비하여 강한 활성을 나타냈으나, LH, VMH 및 PVM에서는 대조구와 처리구가 비슷하게 나타냈다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과로 미루어 뇌내 PPC는 필수아미노산 결핍에 반응하는 초기 인식부위라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.1236-1240
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• 2008

Smith-Lemli-Opitz 증후군은 콜레스테롤 합성 과정의 장애로 발생하는 상염색체 열성으로 유전되는 드문 질환으로 다양한 기형을 동반한다. 이는 DHCR7 유전자 변이로 인한 활성도 저하로 발생하는 질환으로 7DHC, 8DHC의 증가 및 체내 콜레스테롤의 감소에 따른 임상상을 특징으로 한다. 저자들은 국내에서 최초로 SLO 증후군을 유전자 분석을 통하여 진단하였기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.199-296
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• 1984

Symptoms of potassium deficiency were studied with flue-cured tobacco (N.C 2326) which had been applied with several levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer at 7, 10, and 13 Kg N/10a, and 15, 20, and $25KgK_2O/10a$, respectively. The distributions of T-N, $NH_4-N, \;NO_3-N$, and K contents in 18 leaves from the bottom to the top stalk position were investigated at 63 days after transplanting. The T-N content in the different stalk positions was increased from the bottom to the top ; however, vice versa in K content. As increasing the application levels, the increasing rate of the T-N content in the different leaf fractions were similar to those of rib and laminae. On the contrary, the rates of K content in the rib were higher then that of laminae and in the bottom than the top stalk position. Those indicated that the unbalance of nitrogen and potassium contents in the leaves came to maximum in the laminae of the top stalk position and was possibly affected by the application level of nitrogen rather than potassium. The T-N content in the laminae was higher than that of the rib. However the K and $NO_3$-N contents in the laminae were significantly lower than those of the rib. Therefore the $K^+$ uptake by tobacco was thought to be accompanied with $NO_3$- and transported smoothly up to the rib, but not from the rib to the laminae where assimilation materials were accumulated. Distribution of inorganic components in the different positions of vegetative organ were also investigated at 60 days after transplanting. The T-N and $P_2O_5$ contents were in order as; top > middle> bottom of the stalk and the stalk position, and laminae > vein > midrib of leaf fraction, however vice versa in K content of the stalk position and leaf fraction. In addition distributions of CaO and MgO contents in the each leaf fraction were resemble to that of the T-N content. On the contrary, the distributions of the CaO and MgO contents in the different stalk positions were similar to that of the K content.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2000

We have determined and analyzed the full-length cDNA sequence of a coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) Korean isolate (CVB3-Korea/97) which has been known as a general human pathogen. The whole genome contains 7,400 nucleotides and has a single large open reading frame with 6,555 nucleotides that encodes a potential polyprotein precursor of 2,185 amino acids. The genome also contains a 5' non-coding region (NCR) of 741 bases and a 3' NCR of 104 bases followed by poly(A) tail. Sequence homologies of nucleotides and deduced amino acids between the CVB3-Korea/97 strain and the prototype (Nancy strain) were 81.7% and 91.5%, respectively. The genes encoding the functional proteins including viral protease and RNA dependent RNA polymerase showed higher homology than those encoding the structural proteins. We have further analyzed the sequences of 5' NCR, VP1 and VP2 of CVB3-Korea/97, which are known as cardiovirulent determining factors at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. Although the CVB 3-Korea/97 strain was isolated from an aseptic meningitis patient without cardiomyopathy, its 234th nucleotide and 165th amino acid were uracil and Asn as same as those of other cardiovirulent strains one. However, the 155th amino acid of VP1, which closely associated with cardiovirulence, was replaced with $Arg^{155}$ by single nucleotide substitution from $A^{2916}$ to $T^{2916}$. Moreover, additional amino acid substitutions were observed in the flanking region of $Asp^{155}$. Taken together, amino acid(s) substitution in VP1 may playa critical role in determining cardiovirulence of the CVB3-Korea/97 strain rather than individual nucleotide replacements in the 5' NCR and/or an amino acid substitution in VP2.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.541-546
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• 1997

VT2(Verotoxin-2)의 효소활성 영역에 해당되는 두 영역의 아미노산들에 대하여, 첫번째 보존영역의 Glu167을 conservative point mutation 시키고, 두 번째 보존영역의 구성 아미노산 5개 전부를 deletion mutation 시켜, 각 변이주에서 독성의 감소 정도를 wild type과 비교한 결과 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. pKSC101을 Eco RI과 Pst I으로 절단하여 940bp insert를 통일 제한효소로 절단한 M 13mp19에 삽입하여 pEP19RF를 구축하였다. 이를 이용하여 dU-SSDNA template를 제조하고, mutagenic primer를 annealing 하여 변이를 도입하였으며, 변이가 도입된 insert를 acceptor plasmid에 삽입시켜 각각 발현 플라스미드 pOEX와 pDEX를 구축하였다. 각각의 mutant 단백질을 발현시키기 위하여 pOEX와 pDEX를 JM109에 형질전환시켜 mutant 재조합 균주인 POMUT109와 DEMUT109를 작성하였다. 2. POMUT109와 DEMUT109를 IPTG 유도 발현시킨 배양상층액을 Vero cell에 대하여 세포독성을 시험한 결과 wild type에 비하여 POMUT109의 배양 여액에서는 2000배, DEMUT109의 배양여액에서는 적어도 3000배 이상의 세포독성을 감소시켰다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내에서 수집한 15종의 야생버섯류를 식용가능 및 약용가능, 식독불명 또는 독버섯으로 분류하여 아미노산 성분함량을 분석하였다. 식용가능한 야생버섯들의 총 아미노산 성분함량의 범위는 866.4 ~ 1,220.5 mg/kg이었으며, 필수 아미노산의 총 함량은 301.4 ~ 490.2 mg/kg이었다. 그 중 흰우단버섯(OK811)에서 다량의 류신(Leu), 페닐알라닌(Phe), 시스테인(Cys), 글루탐산(Glu) 함량을 보이며 식용가능한 야생버섯류 중에서 총 필수 아미노산 함량이 가장 높았다. 약용가능한 버섯류의 총 아미노산 성분함량의 범위는 802.6 ~ 1,233.7 mg/kg이었으며 필수 아미노산 총 함량의 범위는 263.5 ~ 412.8 mg/kg이었다. 그 중 간버섯속(OK1071)의 총 아미노산 및 필수 아미노산 함량이 약용가능한 야생버섯류 중에서 가장 높았다. 특히 비필수 아미노산 성분인 시스테인(Cys)은 204.1 mg/kg가 검출되어 약용가능 야생버섯 뿐만 아니라 식용가능 야생버섯류에 비하여 훨씬 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 독버섯 또는 식독불명 버섯류의 총 아미노산 함량 범위는 681.8 ~ 1223.4 mg/kg 이었으며, 필수 아미노산의 함량의 범위는 229.1 ~ 442.8 mg/kg이다. 독버섯으로 알려진 노랑다발(OK826)은 이들 버섯류 중에서 가장 높은 총 아미노산 함량을 보였으며, 알기닌(Arg)은 109.2 mg/kg로 식용 또는 약용가능한 버섯류들에 비하여 높게 검출되었고 페닐알라닌(Phe)은 120.6 mg/kg로 약용가능한 야생 버섯류들에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 향후 야생버섯을 이용한 신품종 또는 산업적 이용 등을 위한 우수 버섯자원 선발에 필요한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.421-425
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• 1993

께묵뿌리를 사용하여 건조처리별로 일반성분 당, 지방산, 아미노산 및 무기성분의 함량변화를 측정 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 일반성분의 함량은 건조방법에 따라서 별다른 변화가 없었다. 2. 유리당함량은 sucrose가 $27.7{\sim}29.3mg/g$로 가장 많았고 fructose는 $0.8{\sim}3.04mg$으로 적게 함유되었으며 glucose와 xylose은 흔적정도로 나타났다. 건조처리별로는 sucrose는 별다른 변화가 없었고 fructose는 증숙건조에서 감소되었다. 3. 지방산조성을 보면 9종이 동정되었으며 그중 linoleic acid가 $54.9{\sim}58.3%$로 가장 많았고 그 다음 palmitic, linolenic acid의 순이었으며 이들 3종류의 지방산함량이 총지방산의 $88{\sim}90%$를 차지하였다. 건조처리별로는 냉동건조구보다 열풍 및 증숙건조구에서 저비점지방산들이 약간 감소되었다. 4. 총아미노산의 조성을 보면 arginine이 $33.6{\sim}41.5mg/g$으로 가장 많이 함유되었고 그 다음 Lys>Glu>Gly>Asp>Val>His의 순이었고 유리아미노산조성은 Arg>His>Lys>Asp>Ser>Glu>Ile의 순으로 함유되었다. 건조처리별로는 총아미노산중 glycine과 glutamic이 증숙건조에서 약간 감소할 뿐 전체적으로 큰 변화는 없었다. 5. 무기성분에서는 Ca 함량이 $1927{\sim}2379ppm$으로 가장 높았고 그 다음 K $1159{\sim}1259ppm\;Mg\;760{\sim}777ppm$의 순으로 함유되었고 건조처리별로는 별다른 함량변화가 없었다.