• Title/Summary/Keyword: AIT(Autoignition temperatures)

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Prediction and Measurement of Autoignition Temperature of Toluene and 2-Butanol System (톨루엔과 2-부탄올 계의 최소자연발화온도의 측정 및 예측)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2015
  • The autoignition temperatures(AIT) of solvent mixture is important index for the safe handling of flammable liquids which constitute the solvent mixtures. Therefore, the AITs of common pure chemical substances are widely reported, but very limited data are available for mixtures. This study, the toluene and 2-butnaol system which used mixture solution solvent was measured the AIT and ignition delay time by using ASTM E659 apparatus. The AITs of toluene and 2-butanol constituted binary system were $547^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$, respectively. The experimental AIT of toluene and 2-butanol were a good agreement with the calculated AIT by the proposed equations with a few average absolute deviation(A.A.D.).

Characteristics of Auto-ignition for Trichlorosliane and Dichlorosilane-Trichlorosliane Mixtures (Trichlorosliane 및 Dichlorosilane-Trichlorosliane 혼합물의 자연발화 특성)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2010
  • An accurate information of the autoignition temperature(AIT) is important in developing appropriate prevention and control measures in industrial fire. This study measured the AITs of trichlorosliane and dichlosilane(DCS)-trichlorosliane(TCS) mixtures by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus. The experiment AITs of trichlorosliane, TCS(90wt%)-DCS(10wt%) and the TCS(70wt%)-DCS(30wt%) were $225^{\circ}C,\;250^{\circ}C\;and\;236^{\circ}C$, respectively.

Minimum Autoignition Temperature Behavior(MAITB) of the Flammable Binary Systems (가연성 이성분계의 최소자연발화온도 거동(MAITB))

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong;Lee, Sung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.70-75
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    • 2008
  • The values of the AIT(Autoignition temperature) for fire and explosion protection are normally the lowest reported. The minimum autoignition temperature behavior(MAITB) of flammable liquid mixtures is exhibited when the AIT of mixture is below the AIT of the individual components. The MAITB is an interesting experimental features, which can be significant from the perspective of industrial safety. In this study, the AITs of m-xylene+n-butyric acid and ethylbenzene+n-butanol systems were measured using ASTM E659-78 apparatus. The AITs of m-xylene, n-butyric acid, ethylbenzene and n-butanol which constituted two binary systems were $587^{\circ}C$, $510^{\circ}C$, $475^{\circ}C$ and $340^{\circ}C$ respectively. The m-xylene+n-butyric acid system is exhibited MAITB at 0.3 mole fraction of m-xylene, and its minimum autoignition temperature was $460^{\circ}C$.

Relationship between Autoigniton Temperature(AIT) and Ignition Delay Time for Acids (산(Acid)류의 자연발화온도와 방화지연시간의 관계)

  • 하동명
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2004
  • An accurate knowledge of the AIT(Autoignition temperatures) of chemicals is important in developing appropriate prevention and control measures in industrial fire protection. The AITs describe the minimum temperature to which a substance must be heated, without the application of a flame or spark, which will cause that substance to ignite. The measurement AITs are dependent upon many factors. namely initial temperature. pressure, volume, fuel/air stoichiometry. catalyst material, concentration of vapor, ignition delay time. This study measured the AITs of acids from ignition delay time by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus which was produced in the year 1994. The experiment AITs were a good agreement with the calculated AITs by the proposed equations with a few A.A.P.E.(average absolute percent error) and A.A.D.(average absolute deviation).

Prediction of Autoignition Temperatures of Gasoline-Ethanol Blended Fuels (휘발유/에탄올 혼합연료의 자연점화온도 예측)

  • Kim, Shin-Woo;Lee, Eui-Ju
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2019
  • The recent development of biofuel production technology facilitates the widespread use of bioethanol and biodiesel by mixing them with fossil fuels. However, the use of these new blended fuels in combustion could result in severe safety problems, such as fire and explosion. In this study, numerical simulation was performed on the well-stirred reactor (WSR) to simulate the autoignition temperature (AIT) in homogeneous combustion and clarify the effect of ethanol addition on the AIT, the most important property for assessing the potential for fire and explosion. Response surface methodology (RSM) was introduced as a design of experiment (DOE), enabling the AIT to be predicted and optimized systematically with respect to three independent variables: ethanol mole fraction, equivalence ratio, and pressure. The results show that the autoignition temperature primarily depends on the ethanol mole fraction and pressure, while the effects of the equivalence ratio are independent of the AIT. RSM accurately predicted the experimental AIT, indicating that this method can be used to effectively predict the key properties involved in fires and explosions.

Measurement and Prediction of Autoignition Temperature(AIT) of Flammable Substances - Methanol and Ethanol - (가연성물질의 자연발화온도 측정 및 예측 - 메탄올과 에탄올 -)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.54-60
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    • 2004
  • Flammable substances are frequently used chemical industry processes. An accurate knowledge of the ALTs(Autoignition Temperatures) is important in developing appropriate prevention and control measures in industrial fire protection. The AITs describe the minimum temperature to which a substance must be heated, without the application of a flame or spark, which will cause that substance to ignite. The AITs are dependent upon many factors, namely initial temperature, pressure, volume, fuel/air stoichiometry, catalyst material, concentration of vapor, ignition delay. This study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus for methanol and ethanol. The A.A.P.E.(Average Absolute Percent Error) and the A.A.D.(Average Absolute Deviation) of the experimental and the calculated delay times by the AITs for methanol were 14.59 and 1.76 respectively. Also the A.A.P.E. and the A.A.D. of the experimental and the calculated delay times by the ATIs for ethanol were 8.33 and 0.88.

Investigation of Reliability of Flash Points and Autoignition Temperatures of Acids (산류(Acids)의 인화점과 최소자연발화온도의 신뢰성 고찰)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2009
  • The flash point and the AIT(auto-ignition temperature) are the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for the fire and explosion hazards of flammable material. In order to know the accuracy of data in MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), the flash point of n-acids were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester(ASTM D93), Setaflash closed cup tester(ASTM D3278), Tag open cup tester(ASTM D1310) and Cleveland open cup tester(ASTM D92). Also, the AIT of n-acids were measured by using ASTM E659-78 tester. The measured the flash points and the AIT were compared with literatures and MSDS in KOSHA. The measured the flash points and the AIT were different from those in literatures and MSDS. Therefore, This paper shows that it is needed to investigate the MSDS compatibility of n-acids for the fire safety objectives.

The Investigation of Combustible Hazard by Measurement of Flash Point and Autoignition Temperature of n-Dodecane (노말도데칸의 인화점과 최소발화온도 측정에 의한 연소위험성 고찰)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.120-125
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    • 2011
  • For the safe handling of n-dodecane, the explosion limits were investigated and the lower flash points and AITs (autoignition temperatures) by ignition delay time were experimented. By using the literatures data, the lower and upper explosion limits of n-dodecanee recommended 0.6 Vol.% and 4.7 Vol.%, respectively. The lower flash points of n-dodecane by using closed-cup tester were experimented $77^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}C$. The lower flash points of n-dodecane by using open cup tester were experimented $84^{\circ}C$ and $87^{\circ}C$. This study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus for n-dodecane. The experimental AIT of n-dodecane was $222^{\circ}C$.

Measurements of Autoigniton Temperature(AIT) and Time Lag of BTX(Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes) (BTX(Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes)의 자연발화온도와 발화지연시간의 측정)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.21 no.3 s.75
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2006
  • The AITs(autoignition temperatures) describe the minimum temperature to which a substance must be heated, without the application of a flame or spark, which will cause that substance to ignite. The AITs are often used as a factor in determining the upper temperature limit for processing operations and conditions for handling, storage and transportation, and in determining potential fire hazard from accidental contact with hot surfaces. The measurement AITs are dependent upon many factors, namely initial temperature, pressure, volume, fuel/air stoichiometry, catalyst material, concentration of vapor, time lag. Therefore, the AITs reported by different ignition conditions are sometimes significantly different. This study measured the AITs of benzene, toluene and xylene isomers from time lag using AS1M E659-78 apparatus. The experimental ignition delay times were a good agreement with the calculated ignition delay times by the proposed equations wtih a few A.A.D.(average absolute deviation). Also The experimental AITs of benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene were $583^{\circ}C,\;547^{\circ}C,\;480^{\circ}C,\;587^{\circ}C,\;and\;557^{\circ}C$, respectively.

Measurement of Flash Points and Autoignition Temperatures for Xylene Isomers (크실렌 이성질체의 인화점과 최소자연발화온도의 측정)

  • Ha, Dong-Myeong;Lee, Sung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.40-45
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    • 2009
  • In order to investigate the compatibility of data in MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), the flash point of xylene isomer was measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup (ASTM D93), Setaflash closed cup(ASTM D3278), Tag open cup(ASTM D1310), and Cleveland open cup (ASTM D92) testers. Also, the AITs(autoignition temperatures) of xylene isomers were measured by using ASTM E659-78 tester. The measured the flash points and the AITs were compared with literatures and MSDS in KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency). The measured the flash points and the AITs were different from those in literatures and MSDS. As a result, this paper is shown that it is needed to investigate combustion characteristics of xylene isomer for the fire safety objectives.

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