• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.2699-2705
• /
• 2014

This study was to undertaken to investigate the impacts of AhR, CYP1A1, GSTM1 genetic polymorphisms on the R273G mutation in exon 8 of the tumor suppressor p53 gene (TP53) among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposed to coke-oven workers. One hundred thirteen workers exposed to PAH and 82 control workers were recruited. We genotyped for polymorphisms in the AhR, CYP1A1, GSTM1, and TP53 R273G mutation in blood by PCR methods, and determined the levels of 1-hydroxypyrene as PAH exposure marker in urine using the high pressure liquid chromatography assay. We found that the distribution of alcohol users and the urinary excretion of 1-OHP in the exposed workers were significantly higher than that of the control workers (p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively). Significant differences were observed in the p53 genotype distributions of smoking subjects (p=0.01, 95%CI: 1.23-6.01) and PAH exposure (p=0.008, 95%CI: 1.24-4.48), respectively. Further, significant differences were observed in the p53 exon 8 mutations for the genetic polymorphisms of Lys/Arg for AhR (p=0.02, 95%CI: 0.70-15.86), Val/Val for CYP1A1 (p=0.04, 95%CI: 0.98-19.09) and null for GSTM1 (p=0.02, 95%CI: 1.19-6.26), respectively. Our findings indicated that polymorphisms of PAH metabolic genes, such as AhR, CYP1A1, GSTM1 polymorphisms may interact with p53 genetic variants and may contribute to PAH related cancers.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.390-403
• /
• 2005

Bullying behavior problems among middle school students have been increasing and being severe social problem. Therefore, on the basis of ecosystematic perspective, this study proposed the psychosocial factors that have various subsystems, such as individual level, family level, school level. Purposes of this study are to grasp the actual conditions of bulling and to examine psychosocial factors affecting bullying behavior of middle school students. For this study, surveyed were those 354 students who indicated they experienced bullying. The findings are as follows: Firstly, 49.2% of surveyed youth has the bullying offending experience. In detail, 26.7% of the bullies is estrangement from relations, 41.9% is verbal teasing, 18.2% is physical teasing. Secondly, the most important psychosocial factors to influence bullying behavior has been found the factors from the school. In the next place, from the individual. The prior factors that have relative influencing power on the bullying behavior are in order as follows- experience as victims of bullying and witness to bullying, aggression, peer group's exposure to delinquency, emotional unrest among sub-type borderline features, self-esteem, peer aggregation, a marital discord.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
• /
• v.4C no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2004

From the gradual increasing state of charge (GISOC) observations, electrochemical behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotube│(lM LiP $F_{6}$ , EC,DEC,DME 3:5:5 volume ratio)│lithium cells was evaluated using the galvanostatic charge-discharge process. A MWCNT delivers a specific charge capacity of 1,300 mAh/g in a Li cell when cycled up to an end voltage of 0 V (vs. Li/L $i^{＋}$ )at a constant current rate every 10 hours. However, in the present study, the specific discharge capacity obtained is 338 mAh/g, thus amounting to a coulombic efficiency of only 26％. Further, when the MWCNT│Li cells were tested using the GISOC method, two distinguishable linear-fit ranges were observed due to the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium, which were found to have II $E_1$, IIC $s_1$ and II $E_2$of 27.3％, 372 mAh/g, and 25.5％, respectively. Q $c_1$, could be calculated from the data of IIE and IICs of each range by the modified equation "II $C_{sum}$= $\Sigma$( $Q_{C}$- $Q_{D}$)=(II $E_{1}$$^{-1}$ ) $Q_{Dl}$ ＋(II $E_2$$^{-1}$ -1) ( $Q_{D2}$- $Q_{Dl}$ ) ＋ IIC $s_1$= $Q_{Cl}$ - $Q_{Dl}$ ". Results of the GISOC method could be converted to the results of galvanostatic charge-discharge process, irrespective of the state of charge of the cell or battery.ery.y.y.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to assess the radiopacity of a variety of root canal sealers according to the specification concerning root canal sealers. Ten materials including Tubli-$Seal^{TM}$. Kerr Pulp Canal $Sealer^{TM}$, AH $26^{(R)}$, AH $plus^{(R)}$, AH plus $jet^{TM}$, Ad sea $1^{TM}$. $Sealer^{TM}$, $NOGENOL^{TM}$, ZOB $seal^{TM}$, $Epiphany^{TM}$ and dentin were evaluated in this study. In the first part, densitometric reading of an each step of aluminum step wedge on occlusal film was performed at different voltage and exposure time. In the second part, ten specimens were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedges on the occlusal films under decided condition. The mean radiographic density values of the materials were transformed into radiopacity expressed equivalent thickness of aluminum (mm Al). The following results were obtained. 1. Among the various conditions, the appropriate voltage and exposure time that meet the requirement density was 60 kVp at 0.2 s 2. All of the materials had greater radiopacity than 3 mm Al requirement of ANSI/ADA specification No. 57 (2000) and ISO No. 6876 (2001) standards. 3. The radiopacity of materials increased as thickness of materials increased. 4. The mm Al value of each specimen at 1mm in thickness has a significant difference in the statistics. It suggests that root canal sealers have a sufficient radiopacity that meet the requirement.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2006

Background: Tumor cell lysate has been considered as a preferential antigen source for the therapeutic dendritic cell pulsing. Our experiences with in vivo study with animal tumor model indicate the tumor cell lysate dependent differential effect of DC therapy. Our previous data show that MC38 lysate pulsed-DC induced stronger ag-specific immunity than CT26 lysate pulsed-DC in vitro. In this study we tried to reveal the mechanism for differential induction of ag-specific immunity of different colon cancer cell lysate pulsed-DCs. Methods: MC38 and CT26 cell lines were prepared as lysate by freezing-thawing procedure. Tumor cell antigenicity was confirmed by detecting the surface expression of MHC I/II & B7.1/2 molecules. IL-10, IL-12 and TGF-beta in the tumor cell lysate were detected by ELISA and the presence of heat shock proteins were analysed by western blotting. Results: The secretion of IL-10, a immune-inhibitory cytokine was about 470% higher in CT26 lysate than in MC38. Hsp 70 was detected only in the MC38 lysate but not in the CT26. On the other hand, Hsp 60 and 90 expression were not different in two colon cancer cell lysates. Conclusion: In two different colon cancer cell lysate, immune inhibitory IL-10 (higher in CT26) and Hsp70 (MC38 superiority) were differentially expressed. These data indicate that higher agspecific immunity induction by MC38 lysate pulsed-DC may due to the expression of hsp70 and lower secretion of IL-10, a immune-inhibitory cytokine than CT26 lysate. The significance of other cytokine and the surface marker expression will be discussed.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1081-1090
• /
• 2015

Diabetes has been one of major health risks in industrialized countries. Allium hookeri is a wild herb distributed in India and Myanmar. The root of the plant has been used as food and medicine in Southeast Asia. We investigated Allium hookeri extract improves type 2 diabetes mellitus in C57BL/KSJ db/db obese mouse. C57BL/KSJ db/db obese mouse arise out of Type 2 diabetes and we treated Allium hookeri methanol extract 400 mg/kg (AH 400), 800 mg/kg (AH 800), positive control group (thiazolidinedine;TZDs) were administered orally for 8weeks. AH treated group normalized lipid enzyme system (triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) and serum glucose, HbA1c and plasma insulin level. AH treated group recovered β-cell damage by hyperglycemia and fatty liver disease. AH treated group significantly up regulated expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase4 (PDK4), Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP 1) and fork head box O1 (FOX 01) proteins in C57BL/KSJ db/db obese mouse liver. And we found that AH treated group decreased hepatic malondialdehyde formation in C57BL/KSJ db/db obese mouse liver. These results indicate that Allium hookeri methanol extract might be a potential anti-diabetic agent and could be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2006

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-$\rho$-dioxin(TCDD) displays high toxicity in animals and has been implicated in human carcinogenesis. Although TCDD is recognized as potent carcinogens, relatively little is known about their role in the tumor promotion and carcinogenesis. It is known that TCDD can increase of cancer risk from various types of tissue by a mechanism possibly involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation. In this study, effects of TCDD on cellular proliferation of normal human skin and lung fibroblasts, Detroit551 and WI38 cells were investigated. In addition, to enhance our understanding of TCDD-mediated carcinogenesis, we have investigated process in which expression of Erk1/2, cyclinD1, oncogene such as Ha-ras and c-myc, and their cognate signaling pathway. TCDD that are potent activators of AhR-mediated activity was found to induce significant increase of cytochrome P4501A1 mRNA expression, suggesting a presence of functional AhR. These results support that CYP1A1 enzyme may be involved in the generation of TCDD-induced toxicity. Moreover mitogen-activated protein kinases (MARKs) phosphorylation and cyclin D1 overexpression are induced by TCDD, which corresponded with the progression of cellular proliferation. However, TCDD did not affected Ha-ras and c-myc mRNA expression. Taken together, it seems that TCDD are could be a part of cellular proliferation in non-tumorigenic normal human cells such as Detroit551 and WI38 cells through the upregulation of MAPKs signaling pathway regulating growth of cell population. Therefore, AhR-activating TCDD could potentially contribute to tumor promotion and Detroit551 and WI38 cells have been used as a detection system of tumorigenic effects of TCDD.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.674-680
• /
• 2015

A solvent-soluble polyimide (PI) polymeric binder was synthesized by a two-step reaction for silicon (Si) anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Polyamic acid was first prepared through ring opening between two monomers, bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BCDA) and 4,4-oxydianiline (ODA), followed by condensation reaction. Using the synthesized PI polymeric binder (molecular weight = ~10,945), the coating slurry was then prepared and Si anode was fabricated. For the control system, Si anode based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, molecular weight = ~350,000) having the same constituent ratio was prepared. During precycling, PI polymeric binder revealed much improved discharge capacity ($2,167mAh\;g^{-1}$) compared to that of using PVDF polymeric binder ($1,740mAh\;g^{-1}$), while the Coulombic efficiency of two systems were similar. PI polymeric binder improved the cycle retention ability during cycles compared to that of using PVDF, which is attributed to an improved adhesion property inside Si anode diminishing the dimensional stress during Si volume changes. The adhesion property of each polymeric binder in Si anode was confirmed by surface and interfacial cutting analysis system (SAICAS) (Si anode based on PI polymeric binder = $0.217kN\;m^{-1}$ and Si anode based on PVDF polymeric binder = $0.185kN\;m^{-1}$).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is evaluated scatter radiation in digital radiological condition by using photo-stimulated luminescence (BaFBr:$Eu^{2+}$). Experiment condition changed kVp (from 50 kVp to 120 kVp), filed size (from $4{\times}4cm^2$ to $26{\times}26cm^2$) and phantom thickness (from 1 cm to 15 cm). This method was analysed ImageJ and characteristic curve of CR. This results was scatter radiation to primary radiation ratio increased from 50 kVp to 70 kVp, and it was fixed at over 80 kVp. The scatter radiation to primary radiation ratio are increased according to increasing the ratio of field size. Scatter radiation is also increased by increasing the phantom thickness.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.26-36
• /
• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the reporting quality and methodological quality of systematic reviews from the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine. Methods Systematic reviews were selected from the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine (JPKM) by utilizing Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) and JPKM homepage. Two independent researchers assessed the reporting quality through Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline checklist, and assessed the methodological quality of systematic review through Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 tool checklist. Results Four systematic reviews were finally selected for the assessment. When assessed by PRISMA, three literatures were little insufficient, and one literature was sufficient. When assessed by AMSTAR 2, three literatures were moderate quality, and one literature was critically low quality. Also, all of the reviews had no information about 'Protocol and registration', 'publication bias', and 'conflicts of interest'. Conclusions Systematic review is important for Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine and Korean Medicine Society. Efforts are needed to improve the reporting and methodological quality of the systematic reviews through PRISMA and AMSTAR 2.