• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.33-42
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the health-related quality of life assessment according to socio-demographic characteristics, health behavior, and BMI for Gyeonggi-do community population. Methods: The 2012 Community Health Survey data was used. The data were collected by using a cross-sectional study with face-to-face interview. The variables of smoking, AUDIT, exercise, BMI, and Euroqol EQ-5D instrument were selected for analyses. The Difference on the EQ-5D index among groups were tested with Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test. Results: The EQ-5D index for Gyeonggi-do community was 0.951(${\pm}0.104$). The index were significantly different by sex, age, marital status, education level, and occupation. The health-related quality of life showed lower EQ-5D index in women than men, older than young, and less educated. The index were significantly different by health behavior (smoking, drinking, moderate physical activity and exercise) for both men and women). For BMIs, the index was lower to under-weighted male and over-weighted female. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the future intervention of health promotion programs should be carefully designed and tailored by health behavior and obese groups.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish reliability and validity and to identify the conversion index. Method: The WMSCN for ICU was revised from Workload Management System for Nurses(WMSN) of Walter Reed Army Hospital. Reliability of the WMSCN was evaluated interrater reliability between head nurses and staff nurses at 124 patients in April 2008. Validity through the correlation between direct nursing care hours and WMSCN score was conducted at 20 ICUs of 10 hospitals. Finally the conversion index was identified by total nursing hours and it divided by WMSCN score. Results: The scores by nurses were highly correlated with head nurses’(p=.967), and also scores of the WMSCN were highly correlated with the direct nursing care hours(p<.001). The distribution of patient classification ranks into class V(61.3%), class IV(24.2%) and class VI(11.3%). The scores of the WMSCN were no differences between MICU and SICU. Finally, the conversion index was 8.2 minutes. Conclusion: WMSCN is available to classify the nursing workload for critical care patients. The repeated evaluation of validity and reliability are requisite to use WMSCN effectively. And the conversion index should be adjusted to estimate the appropriate staffing in Korea.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.91-108
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• 2022

Keen attention has been directed at "smart tourism cities" due to its role of solving urban problems arising from modern tourism development. However, some local governments are making huge investments in developing uniform tourism apps without specific directions or guidelines for the transformation of smart tourism cities. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a standardized and objective smart tourism competitiveness index and evaluate the competitiveness rankings of various cities around the world. The index comprises the five subindices of attractiveness, accessibility, digitalization readiness, sustainability, and co-partnership. The analysis results have shown that Singapore is the most competitive smart tourism city, followed by Amsterdam, New York City, Seoul and Barcelona, with Ho Chi Minh and Bangkok being relegated to the bottom of competitiveness rankings. We expect that this index can be employed as a global standard for continuously and systematically monitoring smart tourism city-related projects in the future.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.96-103
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• 1998

This study was conducted to identify the adaptation process of the families with chronically ill patients. A descriptive comparative research design was used to the subjects of forty families that have stroke patients at an oriental medical hospital. Research tools were Demands of Illness Inventory(Woods, Haberman & Packard, 1987), Relative and Friend Support Index(McCubbin, Patterson & Glynn, 1982), Family Coping-Coherence Index (McCubbin, Larsen & Olson, 1982), Family Hardiness Index(McCubbin, McCubbin & Thompson, 1986), and Family Member Wellbeing Scale(McCubbin, McCubbin & Thompson, 1986). Data were collected from October 7, 1998 to November 7, 1998 at an oriental medical hospital located in IkSan city. The number of cases was forty and the data were analyzed by SPSS $PC^+$. Descriptive statistics of frequency, number, mean and standard deviation were used to report the results. The results were as follows ; 1. There was no significant differences between the two groups on the family stress. 2. There was significant differences between the two groups on the family strength (t value = - 3.09, p value=$.004^{**}$). 3. There was significant differences between the two groups on the family adaptation(t value= -2.08, pvalue=$.05^*$).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.249-264
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• 2004

Objective : This study is designed to find out the effects of Sulguanjul-Bang No.1 on osteoarthritis in knee joint. Methods : 45 patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee joint were enrolled in a short term 8-week open clinical trial. The 45 patients were taken Sulguanjul-bang No.1 two times a day before meals for 8 week. After 8 week treatment period, the following parameters were analyzed ; Visual analogue Scale(VAS) as first effective parameter, Lysholm index score, patient's global assessment, passive movement range of the knee joint. Results : Sulguanjul-bang No.1 treatment led to significant improvement in the pain and symptoms of osteoarthritis as determined by all efficacy measures. After 8 weeks of therapy, there was significant improvement in VAS and Lysholm index; squat, sit down and up, crepitaion, swelling. The range of motion was improved in 6 of 9 cases. The improvement in patient's global assessment was seen in 84%. Conclusion : Sulguanjul-bang No.1 was very beneficial effect in pain relief and improvement functions on osteoarthritis.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2007

Purpose: This investigation examined a model to predict body mass index in order to prevent later development of obesity among adolescents. The hypothesized model was developed based on the principle of Social Cognitive Theory that social influences predict perceptions of cognition as well as behavior. Method: The 5,770 adolescents, aged 14-18 who participated in this study came from 11 separate school districts in Busan and Kyungnam province of South Korea. The adolescent surveys were administered in a group setting at the participating school. Of the 5770 surveys, adolescents with more than 10 percent missing data in the entire survey were excluded. The final sample contained 4,527 cases. The adolescents were included 2,250 (49.7%) males and 2,277 (50.3%) females. Data was analyzed Pearson correlation coefficients using SPSS 12 program and structural equation model (SEM) using Maximum Likelihood estimation was employed using Amos 5.0. Results: Social support directly affects cognitive determinants. Cognitive determinants directly affect behavior determinants which directly affect BMI. Cognitive and behavioral factors mediated the relationship between social support and BMI (GFI= 0.984, CFI= 0.974, RMSEA=0.031). Conclusion: Social levels should be supportive to help adolescents have healthier behaviors. This support can be accomplished by providing frequent support to establish positive cognitive factors as the foundation of the solution to prevent overweight and obesity.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.373-386
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parent-adolescent relationship and marital conflict perceived by adolescents on peer victimization. The subjects were 353 middle school students selected from two middle schools in the Incheon area. The instruments of research included the peer victimization index, the parenting behavior index, the parent-adolescent communication index, and the marital conflict inventory. The statistics used for this data were t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. This study showed that middle school student's peer victimization was influenced significantly by the gender. Correlation analysis indicated that parenting behavior and peer victimization were significantly correlated. That is, oppressive, over protective and/or permissive attitudes of the parent were positively correlated with peer victimization. Intimacy and reasonable attitude were negatively correlated with middle school student's peer victimization. Also, parent-adolescent communication and peer victimization were significantly correlated. Especially, open communication was negatively correlated with peer victimization while problematic communication was positively correlated with peer victimization. Marital conflict perceived by adolescents was positively correlated with peer victimization. It was also found that gender, oppressive attitude, permissive attitude, open communication, and marital conflict were significant predictors of middle school student's peer victimization.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.81.2-81.2
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• 2011

Motivated by recent attempts to derive geomagnetic activity from hourly mean data in long term studies, we test the recursive Kalman filter method to obtain the regular solar variation curve of the geomagnetic field. Using a simple algorithm, we are able to assign a quiet day curve to every day separately, without the need for additional input parameter(s) to define the geomagnetically quiet days. We derive a digital counterpart AhK of the analog range index Ak at the subauroral Sodankyl$\ddot{a}$ station and compare it to the earlier digital estimate Ah and the local Ak index. We find that the new method outperforms the former estimate in every aspect studied and provides a robust, straightforward manner of estimating and verifying the manually scaled Ak index, based on readily available hourly values. The model is independent of sampling; thus, for shorter term studies where high-sampling data are available, more accurate estimates can also be obtained when needed. Therefore, in contrast to other recent approaches, we do not provide a method to quantify irregular activity directly but derive the actual quiet day curves in the traditional manner. In future applications the same algorithm may be used to define a wide variety of geomagnetic indices (such as Ak, Dst, or AE).

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.3272-3279
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose two fast VQ coclebook search algorithms efficient to the Wavelet/ VQ coding schemes. It is well known that the probability having large values in wavelet coefficient blocks is very low. In order to apply this property to codebook search, the index tables of the reordered codebook in each wavelet subband ae used. The exil condition in PDE can be satisfied in an earlystage by comparing the large coefficients of the codeword with their corresponding elements of input vector using the index tbles. As a result, search time can be reduced.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.335-342
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• 2007

The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of molecular structure modifications on the kinetics of physical aging of thin films formed from 6FDA-based polyimides with time. The permeability for 6FDA-based polyimide thin films containing carboxyl acid groups commonly decreased 20-50% after the isothermal aging and the selectivity gained anywhere from 10% to 30% while the rate of permeability loss on the change of polymer structure showed different reciprocal relationship between 6FDA-6FpDA based polyimides and 6FDA-DAM based polyimides. The Lorenz-Lorentz equation was used to relate changes in refractive index to densification and volume relaxation with aging time. The permeability as a function of aging time fits the expected form $P=Ae^{(-B/f)}$. The results matched well with the data for different polymer membranes.