• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2001

본 연구는 AE기법을 이용하여 콘크리트구조물의 균열발생원 탐사방법을 개발하기 위한 기초적인 연구이다. 본 실험에 앞서 무근 콘크리트 블록에 모의 AE 발생원 실험을 실시하였다. 센서배치에서는 삼각형 결함원 탐사기법과 사각형 결함원 탐사기 법을 적용하여 비교 .분석하였다. 실험 결과 콘크리트 보에서는 삼각형 결함원 탐사기법이 사각형 결함원 탐사기법보다 효과적인 것으로 분석되었다. 콘크리트 보에 균열원 탐사기법을 적용하기 위한 시험체는 콘크리트의 압축강도 수준비(물-시멘트비)를 실험변수로 즉, 물-시멘트비를 40%, 50%, 50%로 하여 각각 3개씩 총 9개를 제작하였다. 콘크리트의 손상정도를 평가하기 위해 하중재하방식은 반복 휭재하방식을 채택하였고, 파괴실험시 발생하는 AE 파라미터를 분석하여, 카이저효과와 펠리시티효과를 실험실적으로 확인하였다. 또한, FR값을 분석한 결과 구조물의 열화도지수로서 사용 가능함을 확인하였다. 콘크리트 강도수준에 관계없이 최대하중의 70%대에서 AE의 활동성이 높아지기 시작함을 알 수 있었으며, 실구조물에 적용시 파괴경보시스템구축에 적용 가능한 하나의 인자로 사료된다. 한편, 실제 균열 발생위치와 결함원탐사방법을 비교한 결과 육안조사에 의해 주균열이 발생하기 전에 AE 모니터링으로 사전 감지가 가능하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

The objectives of this study are to research the frequency of depression symptom in patients with voice disorders and to investigate parameters associated with depression from voice evaluation. A hundred ninety six patients(106 males and 90 females) who had been diagnosed with voice disorders first in their lifetime were selected. All the patients were examined by laryngeal stroboscopy. For depression and voice study, personal interview, acoustic and aerodynamic analysis, voice handicap index(VHI), reflux symptom index(RSI), and beck depression index(BDI) were done respectively. Mild to severe BDI were seen in 26.2%(52 patients) of the whole patients. A BDI mean score of female patients was $8.8{\pm}7.5$ which was higher than that of male patients($5.6{\pm}6.6$), the difference observed being statistically significant(p<0.001). In the acoustic analysis, the score of sent_duration parameter was increasing in the patients with depression, which was significantly higher than the score of the patients without depression(p<0.05). In the addition, the scores of VHI and RSI were higher in the patients with depression(p<0.001). Our findings suggest that the prevalence of depression in patients with voice disorders is related to female, speaking velocity, and self-questionnaire. This result can be used for psychologically based approach to therapy.

• Entomological Research
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.522-532
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• 2018

As the vector-borne diseases rapidly increased due to climate change, we investigated the incidence of flavivirus occurrence among female mosquito species in urban and rural study sites in Daegu and Gunwi, South Korea using Realtime PCR. We collected more individuals and more species of mosquito in 2016 than in 2015. In 2015, we recorded a total of 22,033 mosquitoes (Trap Index, 224.8) representing 10 species from 5 genera, whereas in 2016, a total of 27,137 mosquitoes (Trap Index, 278.7) representing 13 species from 6 genera were collected. The number of mosquitoes in 2016 was higher in all study sites, except in the migratory bird habitats where the number decreased. Of the 14 species collected over the two years, Aedes vexans nipponii and Anopheles spp. were dominant in the cowsheds in rural farmland; Culex pipiens complex, in urban residential areas; and, Anopheles spp. and Cu. pipiens complex in migratory bird habitats caught in a black light trap. Cu. pipiens complex and Ae. albopictus in urban parks and Ae. albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus in migratory bird habitats were the dominant species caught in BG-sentinel traps. We found that the number of mosquitoes was highest during July-September. We analyzed 1,725 pools to detect flavivirus, where Chaoyang virus was detected among Ae. vexans niponii collected from cowsheds in rural farmland in 2016. The increased number of mosquitoes recorded in 2016 was mainly due to increased temperatures in the study areas, and reflected the change in study sites.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2003년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.75-78
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• 2003

This study is to present a method of land cover change detection by the typhoon RUSA (August 1 - September 4, 2002) using Landsat 7 ETM+ images. For the Namdae-cheon watershed in Gangreung, two images of Sept. 29, 2000 and Nov. 22, 2002 were prepared. To identify the damaged areas, firstly, the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) of each image was computed, secondly, the NDVI values were reclassified as two categories that the negative index values including zero are the one and the positive index values are the other, thirdly the reclassified image before typhoon is subtracted from the reclassified image after typhoon to get DNDVI (Differential NDVI). From the DNDVI image, the flooded and damaged areas could be extracted.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.1300-1304
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• 2004

This study is to present a method of flood damaged area detection by the typhoon RUSA (August 31 - September 1, 2002) using Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 5 TM images. Two images of Sept. 29, 2000 and Sept. 11, 2002 (path 115, row 34) were prepared for Gangreung, To identify the damaged areas, firstly, the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) of each image was computed, secondly, the NDVI values were reclassified as two categories that the negative index values including zero are the one and the positive index values are the other, thirdly the reclassified image before typhoon is subtracted from the reclassified image after typhoon to get DNDVI (Differential NDVI). Some part of urban and agricultural were classified into damaged area due to typhoon RUSA in Gangreung, $18.8km^2$ and $17.7km^2$ respectively.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제6권S1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1997

Optical and mechanical characteristics of $TiO-2, ZrO_2 \;and\; SiO_xN_y$ thin films prepared by ion assisted deposition (IAD) were investigated. IAD films were bombarded by Ar or nitrogen ion beam from a Kaufman ion source while they were grown in as e-beam evaporator. The result shows that the Ae IAD increases the refractive index and packing density of $TiO_2 films close to those of the bulk. For $ZrO_2$ films the Ar IAD increases the average refractive index decreases the negative inhomogeneity of refractive index and reverses to the positive inhomogeneity. The optical properties result from improved packing density and denser outer layer next to air The Ar-ion bombardment also induces the changes in microstructure of $ZrO_2$ films such as the preferred (111) orientation of cubic phase increase in compressive stress and reduction of surface roughness. Inhomogeneous refractive index SiOxNy films were also prepared by nitrogen IAD and variable refractive index of $SiO_xN_y$ film was applied to fabricate a rugate filter.

• 생태와환경
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.155-171
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• 2011

The research assessed water quality using physico-chemical factors, trophic status index and attached diatom index in 10 reservoirs located in Chungcheongnam-do from October 2007 to June 2008. The physico-chemical water quality assessments revealed that Dangjin-gun (St. 1~5), which displayed a high chemical oxygen demand (V and VI) and chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ (Eutrophic-Hypereutrophic), was more polluted than Yesan and Cheongyang-gun. The sample were also hypereutrophic [trophic status index (TSI) 74.6] and ${\beta}$-mesosaprobic [diatom assemblage index to the organic water pollution (DAIpo) 44.47]. Yesan and Cheongyang-gun. Which were mid-level in their pollution status, were eutrophic (TSI 56.9) and ${\alpha}$-oligosaprobic (DAIpo 60.11). TSI correlated strongly with the attached diatom index (of DAIpo 0.60~0.62, and trophic diatom index of 0.72~0.74). Hence, the attached diatom index can be used with the trophic status assessment of lakes using TSI, and lake trophic status index (LTSI).

• 대한융합한의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-20
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• 2024

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic feasibility using pulse parameters as a way to establish safe dose guidelines for Chunwangbosim-dan, and to provide a foundation for developing evidence-based guidelines for clinical use. Methods: Forty-one volunteers were recruited to participate in a study examining the changes in pulse wave characteristics following the ingestion of Chunwangbosim-dan, over a period of 2 weeks, and pulse wave measurements were taken before and after the administration. Pulse wave parameters were measured in this study using a 3-dimensional radial pulse tonometry device(DMP-Lifeplus). In addition, questionnaire, blood pressure, temperature, and body composition were also measured as secondary measures. Results: Fifteen minutes after administration of Chunwangbosim-dan, the non-adverse event group(non-AE) exhibited a statistically significant increase in several power and pressure-related parameters, including h1, h3, h4, h5, SA, PA and PW, while the adverse event group(AE) showed a trend of decreasing stroke volume and increasing Systemic Vascular Resistance Index(SVRI) and applied pressure. After 2 weeks of administration, non-adverse event group(non-AE) exhibited significant changes in standard deviation of pulse rate and HRV_LH ratio. Notably, there are significant differences between AE group and non-AE group in h4/h1, w/t, applied pressure, SV and pulse rate. Conclusion: These findings suggest that pulse parameters may be a useful way to establish safe dosing guidelines for Chunwangbosim-dan. Further research is needed to confirm these results and to develop evidence-based guidelines for clinical use.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.899-904
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• 2002

알로에 및 프로폴리스 추출물과 그 혼합물의 구강 내 병원균에 대한 항균효과 및 상호작용효과를 검색하였다. 알로에 ethanol 추출물 (AE)의 구강 병원균에 대한 최소저해농도는 S. mutans, C. albicans, E. coli에 대해서는 250$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, E. fae-calis는 270$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL로 나타났다. 프로폴리스 ethanol 추출물(PE)의 경우에는 S. mutans에 대해서는 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, E. hirae, C. albicans, E. coli에 대해서는 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, E. faecalis에 대해서는 40$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL로 나타났다. 수지 및 밀납성분을 제거한 분획(PW)의 S. mutans, E. hirae, C. albicans, E. coli의 최소저해농도는 70$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL로, PE 분획보다 낮은 항균활성을 보였으며, E.faecalis의 경우에는 18$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL로 PE분획보다 높은 항균활성을 보였다. AE 및 PE의 혼합물의 항균효과를 측정한 결과, S. mutans, E. faecalis, E. hirae, C. albicans에 대하여는 상승효과 (FICI=0.375)가 있었으며, AE 및 PE의 각각의 MIC의 1/2 이하의 모든 농도범위에서 상승효과(FICI$\leq$0.5)가 있었다. 그러나 E. coli에 대하여는 AE 및 PE의 혼합에 의한 상승효과가 없었다(FICI=1.0). 또한, AE 및 PW의 혼합물의 항균효과를 측정한 결과, S. mutans, E. faecalis, E. hirae, C. albicans에 대하여는 상승효과가 적은 것 (FICI=0.75)으로 나타났다. 즉, 사용된 구강 병원균주 중에서 E. coli를 제외한 모든 균주들에 대하여 PE 및 PW는 AE의 항균효과를 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2002

Purpose: Women have been often underdiagnosed and undertreated when they have as high mortality as men of ischemic heart disease, such as angina. One of the reasons of women's under treatment is associated with either vague, non-traditional symptoms or longer delay in seeking professional help when they experience ischemic heart disease. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of women's anginal pain induced by the treadmill test and to explore the potential relationship(s) between anginal pain and other psycho-physiologic factors. Methods: Of 22 female patients referred to treadmill test, 7 with positive finding participated in this study. Anginal pain in the past was analyzed by Rose questionnaire, whereas anginal pain induced by the treadmill test was identified by McGill pain scale, visual analogue scale and present pain index. Results: Women expressed more heaviness than sharp pain, and complained splitting more often than subjects in previous study that included both men and women. Pain intensity by VAS $3.64{\pm}3.94$, Pain rating index was $5.14{\pm}7.29$, present pain index was $1.57{\pm}1.81$, duration of pain was $5.14{\pm}4.8$ min. Exercise intensity was $6.0{\pm}4.63$ METs, exercise duration was $364.29{\pm}141.39$ sec, ST change was -2.0mm and rate of perceived exertion was $16.29{\pm}2.06$. The relationships between pain intensity and pain duration, ST segment changes were significant. Correlation among pain measures was significant. Conclusion: Generalization of these pilot findings may be inappropriate, and therefore, further larger study is needed.