• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2005

This study was carried out to obtain basic information on variety selection for the utilization of whole crop rices(WCR) at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, in 2004. Fifteen varieties and elite line were evaluated on feed value such as dry matter yield(DMY), crude protein( CP), acid detergent fiber(ADF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and total digestible nutrients(TDN). The dry matter yields were ranged from 13.23 to 17.83 ton per ha, the highest yielding varieties were Sobibyeo(l6.98ton / ha) in Japonica type, SR22060 (17.83 ton / ha) in New plant type, Hangangchalbyeo(I7.66 ton / ha) in Tongil type. Suweon 468 showed the highest value in the RFV and TDN content among the varieties, and Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 were chosen to have the high feed values through cluster analysis. The dry weight(grain) was found to be positively related with percent of the ripened grain, 1,000 grain weight and CPo TDN content was found to be positively related with CP, but negatively related with NDF and ADF. RFV was found to be negatively related with plant height, NDF and ADF. The promising rice varieties for WCR were Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 on the basis of CP, TDN and DMY.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.825-829
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• 2004

Influence of different levels of corn steep liquor (CSL) on chemical composition of urea treated wheat straw (UTWS) and its dietary effect on nutrient intake, digestibility, milk yield and its composition were studied. The 5% UTWS was ensiled with 0, 3, 6 and 9% CSL on dry matter (DM) basis. Total nitrogen and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of UTWS ensiled with 0, 3, 6 and 9% CSL increased linearly with the increasing level of CSL. Increase in NDF content was due to increased neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen contents. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% UTWS ensiled without CSL (control), 45 (WS45), 55 (WS55) and 65% (WS65) UTWS ensiled with 9% CSL, respectively. Dry matter, NDF and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intakes by lactating buffaloes fed diets containing varying levels of UTWS ensiled with or without CSL remained similar across all treatments. However, DM, NDF and ADF intakes as a percent of body weight and digestible DM, NDF and ADF intakes were higher in animals fed WS65 diet compared to those fed other diets. Apparent DM, crude protein (CP), NDF and ADF digestibilities were higher in diets containing UTWS ensiled with CSL compared to control. These differences may be attributed to higher rates of degradability of UTWS ensiled with 9% CSL than that ensiled without CSL. The 4% fat corrected milk and CP were statistically higher with WS65 diet compared to other diets. Percent milk fat, solid not fat and total solid remained unchanged across all treatments.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2015

인공폐수로 연속회분식 하수처리시스템에서 바이오플라스틱인 PHAs의 생산에 대하여 연구하였다. 실험은 하수처리장에서 식종슬러지를 채취하고, 실험실 내에서 제작된 인공하수를 이용하여 4 L 규모의 2조의 연속회분식반응기로 수행하였다. 인공하수의 영양조건(C/N/P)은 42:10:1로 운전되었으며, 연속회분식반응기는 호기상태에서 Feast/Famine 조건을 부여하는 ADF (aerobic dynamic feeding)의 SBR 1과 혐기/호기조건에서 Feast/Famine 조건을 부여하는 AODF (anaerobic/oxic dynamic feeding)의 SBR 2로 운전하였다. PHAs의 생산은 AODF가 ADF 보다 우수하였으며, ADOF 에서 바이오매스 대비 최대 40.0%(w/w)로 높게 생산되었으며, 구조적 및 열적 물성도 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2005

Aqueous extract of antidiarrhoeal formulation (ADF) containing Holarrhena antidysentrica, Aegle marmelos and Punica granatum was investigated for antidiarrhoeal activity against charcoal-induced gut transit, serotonin-induced diarrhoea and $PGE_2-induced$ small intestine enteropooling in rats. The control, standard and test groups of experimental animals were administered with normal saline (p.o.), diphenoxylate hydrochloride (5 mg/kg, p.o.) and ADF (250 mg and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively except the control group of $PGE_2-induced$ small intestine enteropooling which received only 5% ethanol in normal saline (i.p.). Charcoal (10 ml/kg, p.o.) and serotonin $(600\;{\mu}g/kg,\;i.p.)$ were administered after 30 min, while $PGE_2\;(100\;{\mu}g/kg,\;p.o.)$ was administered immediately afterwards. The distance traveled by charcoal in small intestine was measured after 15 and 30 min of charcoal administration, diarrhoea was observed every 30 min for six hour after serotonin administration and the volume of intestinal fluid was measured after 30 min of $PGE_2$ administration. Oral administration of ADF significantly inhibited the frequency of defaecation and decreased the propulsion of charcoal meal through the gastrointestinal tract, reduced the wetness of faecal dropping in serotonin-induced diarrhoea and also reduced the $PGE_2-induced$small intestine enteropooling. ADF may have potential to reduce the diarrhoea in rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.818-824
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• 2014

The nutrient composition of pasture, voluntary intake and digestibility of diet ingested by goats grazing on an introduced Leymus chinensis pasture were measured across spring (May), summer (July), autumn (October) and winter (March). In each season, 12 Inner Mongolian Cashmere goats (6 wethers and 6 does with an average live weight of $22.2{\pm}1.3$ kg and $19.5{\pm}0.8$ kg, respectively) were used to graze on a 2 hectares size paddock. Diet selection was observed and the plant parts selected by grazing goats and whole plant L. chinensis were sampled simultaneously. The alkane pair $C_{32}:C_{33}$ and $C_{36}$ were used to estimate intake and digestibility, respectively. The results showed that the plant parts selected by goats had higher crude protein (CP) and lower acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than the whole plant, especially in the autumn and winter. The voluntary intake of dry matter (DM), CP, ADF, NDF, and metabolizable energy (ME) by goats was highest in summer (p<0.05). The goats ingested more CP, ME, and less ADF in spring than in autumn (p<0.05). The intakes of DM, CP, and ME were lowest in winter (p<0.05). There were significant differences in nutrient intake between wethers and does in each season, except for the ADF and ME intake per metabolic weight ($LW^{0.75}$). The nutrient digestibilities were higher in spring and summer, and decreased significantly during the autumn and winter (p<0.05). Goats, especially wethers, had a relative constant NDF digestibility across seasons, however, the apparent digestibility of CP in both wethers and does, decreased to negative values in winter. The grazing goats experienced relatively sufficient nutrients supply in spring and summer, and a severe deficiency of CP and ME in winter.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.320-325
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• 1994

볏짚의 사료가치를 증진시키기 위하여 알카리성 과산화수소를 이용하여 볏짚에 대한 처리수준별 화학성분의 변화와 in vitro 소화율을 조사 검토하였다. $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$의 처리농도를 증가시킬수록 neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose 및 lignin이 감소하였으며 $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$를 처리한 후 수세시는 농도가 증가할수록 NDF, hemicellulose 및 lignin은 감소한 반면 ADF, cellulose, 회분은 증가하였다. 알카리성 과산화수소의 농도를 4%로 조정하여 처리하였을 때 pH는 $11.5{\sim}12.5$에서, 온도는 $55^{\circ}C$에서 세포벽구성물질의 분해에 효과적이었으며, 4% $H_2O_2(pH 11.5)$ 처리시 볏짚의 크기가 작을수록 잔류건물 중, hemicellulose, cellulose 및 lignin이 감소하였다. 알카리성 과산화수소의 처리에 의한 in vitro 소화율은 처리농도 및 pH가 증가할수록 볏짚의 크기가 작을수록 증가하였다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2019

최근 들어 IITS는 스마트 시티관련 산업계에서 중요한 주제로 떠오르고 있다. IITS의 주요 목적인 교통체증 (차량 사고에 기인한) 예방책들이 발전된 센서 및 통신 기술의 도움을 받아 다양하게 시도되었다. 관련 연구들에서는 자동차 사고와 사고 위치적 특성, 날씨, 운전자 행동, 시간 등 다양한 요인들과 상관 관계가 있음을 보여주고 있다. 우리 연구는 자동차 사고와 사고 발생 시간 사이의 상관관계에 주제를 집중했다. 본 논문에서는 ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average) 자동 회귀, 정상 및 지연 순서를 결정하는 세 가지 요소를 확인하기 위해 ADF (Augmented Dickey-Fuller)를 포함한 ARIMA 테스트를 수행했다. 본 연구 결과로서 시간 별 자동차 충돌 수 예측에 대한 요약을 제시하며, 한국 내 자동차 사고 데이터는 ARIMA 모델에 적용될 수 있음을 보여주었고, 국내 자동차 사고는 하루를 기준으로 일정한 주기가 존재하는 성격을 가지고 있다는 것을 제시했다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2019

With South Korea's limited capability of feed production because of its relatively small cultivable area, the country is pushed to depend on foreign feed imports despite the immensely fluctuating price of corn. Hence, intensive efforts to increase the total cultivable area in Korea like extending of farming to mountainous area is being practiced. Corn was planted in Goesan County, a mountainous area in the country. Grain and stover were harvested separately in three harvest periods: early-harvest (Aug 8), mid-harvest (Aug 18), and late-harvest (Aug 28). The nutrient composition such as dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) was determined after harvest. Effective degradability (ED) of the major nutrients (DM, NDF, ADF, and CP) were measured through in vitro fermentation of rumen fluid from Hanwoo (Korean cattle). pH, ammonia-N concentration, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and gas production were periodically measured at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Corn grain showed higher nutrient content and ED than stover. It also had higher gas production but its pH, ammonia-N, and total VFA concentration were lower than corn stover. The best nutrient composition of corn grain was observed in early-harvest (high CP, EE, NDF, OM, NFC, and low ADF). Early-harvest of corn grain also had high effective degradability of dry matter (EDDM), effective degradability of neutral detergent fiber (EDNDF), effective degradability of acid detergent fiber (EDADF), and total VFA concentration. On the other hand, the best nutrient composition of stover was observed in mid-harvest (high DM, CP, NDF, and low ADF). EDDM, EDNDF, and EDADF were pronounced in early-harvest and mid-harvest of stover but the latter showed high total VFA concentration. Hence, early and mid-harvested corn stover and grain in a mountainous area preserved their nutrients, which led to the effective degradation of major nutrients and high VFA production.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2004

본 연구는 답리작에서 양질의 조사료를 최대한 생산하기 위한 적정 사료작물을 선발하고자 전북 익산에서 보리(5품종), 밀(2), 호밀(3), 이탈리안 라이그라스(IRG, 3)등 4작목 13품종을 공시하여 $1999{\sim}2001$년까지 3년간 생육단계별로 생육특성, 수량 및 사료가치를 조사하였다. 보리의 출수기는 4월 $26{\sim}5$월 1일, 유숙기는 5월 중순, 유숙기${\sim}$황숙기 기준 건물수량은 ha당 $6.66{\sim}10.47$톤, 평균 ADF는 $31.64\%$, NDF는 $62.2\%$였고, 5품종 중 알보리가 가장 우수하였다. 밀은 보리에 비해 출수 및 성숙이 1주일 가까이 늦었으나 수량성이 높고 사료가치가 우수하역 유숙기${\sim}$황숙기 기준 건물수량은 $7.51{\sim}11.96$톤, 평균 ADF는 $30.6\%$, NDF는 $60.1\%$였다. 호밀은 출수기가 4월 26일경이었으며, 초장이 140cm 내외로 개화 이후 도복이 심하였고, 개화기 건물수량은 17.26톤으로 많았으며, 사료가치는 ADF $38.6\%$, NDF $65.5\%$로 가장 낮았다. 중만생 IRG는 출수가 늦어 답리작용으로 권장하기 어려웠으며, 조생 IRG는 4월 30일에 출수 되어 개화기 전후(5월 중순경) 수확이 유리하고, 개화기 기준 건물수량은 10.77톤, ADF $31.6\%$, NDF $59.2\%$로 양호하였다. 본 시험에서 벼 이앙시기, 건물생산성, 출수기, 사료가치, 도복 등을 종합고려한 유망작목은 호밀, 보리, 조생 IRG, 밀로 추정되었다. 5월 중순 벼 이앙시 적작물은 5월 상순에 수확이 가능한 호밀, 5월 하순 벼 이앙시에는 보리(알보리)와 조생 IRG, 6월 상순으로 벼 이앙시기가 늦을 경우에는 5월 하순 수확도 가능하면서 생산성과 사료가치가 높은 밀이 권장되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.635-641
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• 1992

The influence of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) and peracetic acid treatment on in sacco digestion of aspen was evaluated in three non-lactating ruminally cannulated Holstein cows fed a diet containing 90% forage and 10% concentrate on a DM basis. AHP treatment decreased lignin concentration by 40 to 60% resulting in increased concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and cellulose. Lignin concentrations in peracetic acid treated samples were less than 10% of values for control samples. In sacco disappearance rates of aspen DM, NDF, ADF and cellulose increased (p<.05) with AHP and peracetic acid treatment. Effective degradability of DM, NDF, ADF and cellulose were determined at a ruminal outflow rate of $.05h^{-1}$. Effective degradabilities of AHP treated aspen were approximately three-fold greater and peracetic acid treated samples five-fold greater than untreated control samples. For all parameters measured, peracetic acid treatment resulted in higher (p<.05) digestion coefficients than AHP treated aspen. Results demonstrate that peracetic acid or AHP treatment can enhance the nutritive value of aspen sawdust for ruminants to a level comparable to that reported for many forages.