• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of fermented Soshiho-tang extract using male and female ICR mice. Mice were treated with fermented Soshiho-tang extract once orally at 1250, 2500 or 5000 mg/kg and observed for two weeks. At the doses used, no mortality or abnormal clinical signs in animals were shown during at the observation period. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in body weight, hematology and biochemical analysis, and other findings. Above data strongly suggest that no observed adverse effect level of fermented Soshiho-tang extract might be over 5000 mg/kg/day in this study.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.501-505
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• 1998

The acute toxicity study of combined antibiotic (Cefatrizine / Clavulanic Acid), a formulation consisting of cafatrizine and clavulanic acid in a ratio of 2 : 1, was evaluated in rats. The antibiotic was orally administered with single dose in dose levels up to 5 g/kg (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 g/kg). Treatment-related effects were limited to soft stool excretion and caecal dilatation, but histologically no morphological changes could be detected in caecum. In hematology, serum-chemistry parameters and histopathology, no drug-related changes were found. The results of the present study indicate that cefatrizine / clavulanic acid has a low toxic potential and the oral $LD_{50}$values exceed 5 g / kg in rats

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.521-540
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• 1995

To elucidate the effects of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang, after oral administration of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang water extract in mice and rats, acute toxicity, analgesic, sedative, esoogenic actions, action on isolated uterine muscle were measured. The rlesults obtained were as follows: 1. The yield of water extract of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang was 24.5%, 32.2%, minimum lethal dose was 4,000mg/kg, which rarely had the acute toxicity in mice and rats. 2. The analgesic effects of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang by acetic acid induced writhing syndrome in mice were not remarkaely observed. 3. The relaxant action of Chokyungsan on on oxytocin induced contracted uterine muscle in estrogenized rats were not remarkably observed, but Chunkeunchokyungtang were remarked. 4. The sedative effects of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang by hexobabital sodium induced sleeping time in mice. 5. administration of Chokyungsan and Chunkeunchokyungtang caused remarkable increase in weight of rat's uterus.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.5 no.1_2
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• pp.37-44
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• 1990

Synthetic detergents and surfactants are in widespread usage as household and industrial detergents. Potential human toxic hazard arises following percutaneous absorption or oral ingestion of solution residues from kitchen and feeding utensils, fruits, and vegetables and contaminated water supplies. A toxicological investigations was performed with the synthetic detergents and surfactants [linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), ${\alpha}$-olefin sulfonate (AOS), sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS), sodium lauryl ester sulfonate (SLES)］, In acute toxicity, agents were administered subcutaneously into ICR mice. In acute study, after lowering of spontaneous motility, respiratory failure, death appeared, vomitting was often associated with salivation and or retching. No sex difference was observed in LD$\sub$50/ of mice. In subacute toxicity, agents were administered orally into SD rats. Body weight increase was suppressed and there was no adverse effect on food and water consumption. The weight of organs were not changed by agents as compared with control group. No specific change was observed in biochemical and hematologicalor data.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1562-1565
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• 2008

HCMCO5 is a herbal extract which comprises of eight different herbs. We studied whether this prescription has an acute toxicity in rats. SPF Sprague-Dawley male and female rats were administered orally with HMC05 extract of 2,000 mg/kg for 14days. We examined mortality, clinical signs, body weights and gross findings during the tests. The result showed no dead animals. We also could not find a significant body weight changes during the experimental period. In addition, no differences were found between control and HMC05 treated groups in clinical signs and other findings. These results indicate that HMC05 extract did not show any toxic effects, and oral ADL value was over 2,000 mg/kg in SD rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.262-265
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• 1993

Acute toxicities of DWH-01 (Ranitidine : Bismuth : Sucralfate= 1.5: 2 : 6) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. Seven days after oral administration of DWH-01 with different doses (10 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, 1.25 g/kg, 0.625 g/kg), we examined numbers of deaths, general signs, weight measurement and histopathological examination for both sexes of rats. Summaried results are: 1) No deaths were occurred, 2) There were no pathological and clinical differences compared with control group, 3) No significant changes of body weights were observed, and 4) In histopathological examinations of organs and tissues, there was some hemorrhage in a lung tissue of low dose group for male and female respectively, but it was thought to be caused by environmental factor. The results suggest that toxicity of DWH-01 is low and its $LD_{50}$ is over 10 g/kg in Sprague-Dawley rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.280-283
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• 1993

Single subcutaneous injection to SD rats of both sexes was performed to investigate the acute toxicity of new skin allergy-remedy ointment, Banaron. Banaron is composed of lidocaine hydrochloride, chloro-pheniramine maleate, prednisolone acetate, chlorohexidine hydrochloride, methyl salicylate, 1-menthol and d-camphor. The results were as fellows. $LD_{50}$, /TEX> values of Banaron were 8373.6 mg/kg for male and 8260.1 mg/kg for females. Death occurred within 24 hours after administration at doses up to 6600 mg/kg. The main cause of deaths seemed to be respiratory disturbance. General symptoms decreased of activity and respiratory rate, salivation, tremor and loss of consciousness which were commonly observed by some survived animals and all dead animals. No significant gross findings of internal organs and body weight changes in treatment groups in comparison with these of control group were observed at the maximum dose levels in Banaron.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 1985

To screen biologically active components of the higher fungi of Korea, the dried carpophores of Auricularia polytricha were extracted with water. The extract was examined for acute toxicity in ICR mice. A low molecular weight toxin of this fungus was purified by acetone precipitation followed by cellulose, silica gel and LH-20 Sephadex column chromatography. Major symptoms of this toxin were eye extrusion, hair erection, trembling of head, paralysis, rapid running or moving before death and depression of respiration. The median lethal doses of the total extract were 1.25 g/kg and 4.18 g/kg by i.p. and p.o. administrations, respectively. The amounts of one mouse lethal unit (MLU) of the total extract and final fraction that killed a 20-g mouse within 30 minutes were 28.5 mg/mouse and 12 mg/mouse, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.2 s.129
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• pp.151-155
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• 2002

Previously, we have reported that the butanol fraction of the head of Panax ginseng had significant gastroprotective activity on gastritis and gastric ulcer models of rats. Considering the safety of the fraction for development of new anti-ulcerative agent or food supplement, general pharmacological study was carried on. The fraction was revealed that have no influence on spontaneous activity, phenobarbital-induced sleeping time, rotarod test, body temperature, gastro-intestinal motility, respiration and blood pressure. The fraction showed weak analgesic action in writhing syndrome and did not show any sign of acute toxicity in mice.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2000

The anti-inflammatory activity of SEO-KYONG-TANG extract(SKTWE) was examined by using carrageenin- and acetic acid-induced edema, croton oil-induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats. In addition, the acute toxicity, analgesic and antipyretic effects of SKTWE were investigated by using general experimental methods in mice. SKTWE did not show acute toxicity at 2400 mg/kg(p.o.) nor 1200 mg/kg(i.p.). After oral administration of the SKTWE to rats, significant anti-inflammatory activity was observed on 1% carrageenin- and 5% acetic acid-induced edema. Also, it significantly inhibited granuloma and exudation in these. In the adjuvant arthritis experiment, the SKTWE decreased the hind paw edema after 3 days of oral administration. In addition, it inhibited the writhing syndromes induced by 0.7% acetic acid in mice. The antipyretic activity of SKTWE was also observed through the typhoid vaccine experiment. These results suggest that SKTWE has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action.