• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2009

저분자량 키토산 올리고당의 세포 독성을 실험하였다. 저분자량 키토산 올리고당은 정상세포주인 Vero E6(Africa green monkey kidney cell)에 대한 세포 독성을 거의 나타내지 않았다. 정상세포주에 대한 저분자량 키토산 올리고당의 $IC_{50}$값은 $1,060.28{\mu}g/m{\ell}$이었다. 저분자량 키토산 올리고당은 폐암 세포주인 A549, 방광암 세포주인 J82, 대장암 세포주인 SNU-C4, 위암 세포주인 SNU-1, 유방암 세포주인 ZR75-1 등과 같은 사람의 종양세포주에 대한 in vitro 항종양성을 나타내었다. 종양세포주에 대한 저분자량 키토산 올리고당의 $IC_{50}$값은 A549, J82, SNU-C4, SNU-1, ZR75-1 세포주의 경우에 각각 $477.42{\mu}/m{\ell}$, $480.40{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $436.84{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $373.55{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and $539.95{\mu}/m{\ell}$이었다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2003

Seven essential oils were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity against the cancerous cell lines A-549, HEp-2 and DLA and normal BRL-3A, NRK-49F and Vero cell lines using standard MTT, SRB and dye exclusion techniques. The A-549 cell line was found to be the most susceptible to all the essential oils. The essential oils of A. nilagirica, A. calamus and O. sanctum were found to be the more active against these cells with mean $CTC_{50}$ values of 17.75, 19.00 and $24.37\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The essential oil of Acorus calamus was found to be the most potent with low $CTC_{50}$ values against the cancerous and comparatively higher $CTC_{50}$ values against the normal cell lines. Artemisia pellens and Pelargonium graveolens oils also showed potent activity. These oils merit further investigation to identify the active principles and nature of the anti tumor activity in animal models.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.549-558
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• 2011

Application of a generalized equivalent circuit including the electrode condition for the Hebb-Wagner polarization in the frequency domain proposed by Jamnik and Maier can provide a consistent set of material parameters, such as the geometric capacitance, partial conductivities, chemical capacitance or diffusivity, as well as electrode characteristics. Generalization of the shunt capacitors for the chemical capacitance by the constant phase elements (CPEs) was applied to a model mixed conducting system, $Ag_2S$, with electron-blocking AgI electrodes and ion-blocking Pt electrodes. While little difference resulted for the electron-blocking cell with almost ideal Warburg behavior, severely non-ideal behavior in the case of Pt electrodes not only necessitates a generalized transmission line model with shunt CPEs but also requires modelling of the leakage in the cell approximately proportional to the cell conductance, which then leads to partial conductivity values consistent with the electron-blocking case. Chemical capacitance was found to be closer to the true material property in the electron-blocking cell while excessively high chemical capacitance without expected silver activity dependence resulted in the electron-blocking cell. A chemical storage effect at internal boundaries is suggested to explain the anomalies in the respective blocking configurations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6075-6080
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• 2014

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Here we investigated the antitumor effect and mechanism of Zhejiang (Huzhou and Jiande) saffron against lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H446. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the contents of crocin I and II were determined. In vitro, MTT assay and annexin-V FITC/PI staining showed cell proliferation activity and apoptosis to be changed in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibition effect of Jiande saffron was the strongest. In vivo, when mice were orally administered saffron extracts at dose of 100mg/kg/d for 28 days, xenograft tumor size was reduced, and ELISA and Western blotting analysis of caspase-3, -8 and -9 exhibited stronger expression and activity than in the control. In summary, saffron from Zhejiang has significant antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo through caspase-8-caspase-9-caspase-3 mediated cell apoptosis. It thus appears to have more potential as a therapeutic agent.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

For the safety evaluation of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we investigated differential gene expressions after transfecting adenoviral vector containing p16 tumor suppressor gene (Ad5CMV-p16) into human non-small cell lung cancer cells. In the previous study, we showed adenovirus-mediated $p16^{INK4a}$ gene transfer resulted in significant inhibition of cancer cell growth. We investigated gene expression changes after transfecting Ad5CMV-p16, Ad5CMV (null type, a mock vector) into A549 cells by using cDNA chip and oligonucleotide microarray chip (1200 genes) which carries genes related with signal transduction pathways, cell cycle regulations, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. We found that $p16^{INK4a}$ gene transfer down regulated 5 genes (cdc2, cyclin D3, cyclin B, cyclin E, cdk2) among 26 genes involved in cell cycle regulations. Compared with serum-free medium treated cells, Ad5CMV-p16 changed 27 gene expressions, two fold or more on oligonucleotide chip. In addition, Ad5CMV-p16 did not seem to increase the tumorigenicity-related gene expression in A549 cells. Further studies will be needed to investigate the effect of Ad5CMV-p16 on normal human cells and tissues for safety evaluation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1703-1706
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• 2013

Lung cancer remains a deadly disease with unsatisfactory overall survival. Resveratrol (Res) has the potential to inhibit growth of several types of cancer such as prostate and colorectal examples. In the current study, we evaluated in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficiency of Res in a xenograft model with A549 cells. Cell inhibition effects of Res were measured by MTT assay. Apoptotis of A549 cells was assessed with reference to caspase-3 activity and growth curves of tumor volume and bodyweight of the mice were measured every two days. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation indicated Res to exert dose-dependent cell inhibition effects against A549 cells with activation of caspase-3. In vivo evaluation showed Res to effectively inhibit the growth of lung cancer in a dose-dependent manner in nude mice. Therefore, we believe that Res might be a promising phytomedicine for cancer therapy and further efforts are needed to explore this potential therapeutic strategy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 1993

연구배경 : 기관지천식은 일종의 염증성 질환으로서 다형핵구가 병태생리에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 다형핵구로부터 생성되는 독성산화물들은 기도 및 폐조직 손상을 야기시켜 기관지 천식의 병인에 기여하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 이에 대한 실질적인 증거가 아직 부족할 뿐아니라 이들이 폐조직손상을 일으키는 기전 또한 불분명하다. 이에 저자들은 기관지천식환자들의 다형핵구로부터 생성되는 과산화 음이온이 실제로 폐포세포손상에 중요한 역할을 하는지 여부와 과산화 음이온이 폐포세포 손상을 일으키는 기전을 보다 명확히 하고자 본 연구를 시작하였다. 방법 : 임상적으로 안정된 12명의 기관지천식환자와 5명의 정상인들을 대상으로 하였으며, 말초혈액 다형핵구는 말초혈액으로부터 dextran 침강법 및 Ficoll-Hypaque 밀도차 분리법을 이용하여 분리하였다. 다형핵구의 과산화 음이온 생성능 및 혈장 SOD 활성도는, 과산화 음이온이 cytochrome c를 환원시켜 나타나는 발색반응을 이용하여 분광측정법으로 측정하였으며, 다형핵구의 A549 폐포세포에 대한 세포독성작용은 $^{51}Cr$ release assay로 측정하였으며, A549 lysis 및 A549 detachment 두가지 측면에서 관찰하였다. 결과 1) 다형핵구의 과산화 음이온 생성능은 천식환자군이 정상군에 비해 현저히 높았으며 ($2.81{\pm}0.95$대 $6.65{\pm}0.58\;mmol/1{\times}10^6$ cells, p<0.05), 각 환자의 $FEV_1$과는 역상관관계를 보였으나 (R=-0.63, p<0.05), $PC_{20}$ histamine과는 상관관계가 없었다. 2) 혈장 SOD 활성도는 천식환자군이 정상군에 비해 다소 감소되어 있는 경향을 보였으나 통계학적 의미는 없었으며, 각 환자의 $FEV_1$과는 상관관계를 보였으나(R=0.63, p<0.05) $PC_{20}$ histamine과는 상관관계가 없었다. 3) 정상군에서는 혈장 SOD 활성도와 다형핵구의 과산화음이온 생성능간에 의미있는 상관관계를 보였으나(R=0.88, p<0.05), 천식환자군에서는 상관관계가 없었다. 4) 두군 모두에서 다형핵구에 의한 A549 폐포세포의 손상형태가 lysis 보다는 detachment가 더욱 현저한 경향을 보였으며, 두가지 모두 천식 환자군에서 다소 높은 경향을 보였다. 또한 두군 모두에서 SOD 전처치에 의해 A549 detachment는 현저하게 억제되었으나 A549 lysis는 억제되지 않았으며, 두가지 모두가 혈창 전처치에 의해서는 억제되지 않았다. 5) 두군 모두에서 다형핵구의 과산화 음이온 생성능과 A549 detachement와는 유의한 상관관계가 있었으나(정상군 : R=0.90, 환자군 : R=0.82), A549 lysis와는 별로 상관관계가 없었으며, 혈장 SOD 활성도는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 또한 천식환자군에서 A549 lysis나 A549 detachment는 환자의 $FEV_1$ 도는 $PC_{20}$ histamine과는 의미있는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다.6) 다형핵구에 의한 폐포세포손상의 양상에 있어서 알레르기성 천식환자와 비알레르기성 천식환자 사이에는 의미있는 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 이상의 연구결과 다형핵구로부터 생성되는 과산화 음이온에 의한 기도 및 폐조직 손상이 기관지천식의 병인에 부분적으로 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각되며, 과산화 음이온은 주로 폐포세포의 탈락을 야기시킴으로써 폐포세포 손상을 일으키는 것으로 추측된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.834-839
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• 2013

본 연구는 색소의 종류가 다른 흑미와 적미의 생리기능성을 구명하여 천연 기능성 식품 소재로의 이용을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 일반 벼인 일품을 포함하여 흑미인 흑광, 흑설 및 적미인 적진주, 홍진주을 실험재료로 항산화 활성 및 암세포 성장 억제에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 추출수율 및 총 페놀함량은 흑미가 적미 보다 높았다. 총 페놀함량에서 흑미와 적미는 일반벼 보다 4배 이상 높은 수준이었다. DPPH radical 소거능은 적미와 흑미 간에는 차이가 없었으나 품종 간에는 홍진주, 흑광, 흑설, 적진주 순서로 높았다. 반면, ABTS 항산화력은 적미보다 흑미가 높았다. 이는 총 페놀화합물 함량 결과와 경향이 같았다. 암세포 성장억제 능 측정 결과, 적미는 폐암세포 성장 억제 효과가 흑미보다 높았다. 반면, 유방암 세포 성장 억제 능은 흑미와 적미 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 품종 간에는 적진주, 흑광, 홍진주, 흑설 순으로 높았다. 흑미와 적미의 생리기능성 비교 결과, 항산화 활성은 흑미가 높은 반면, 적미는 폐암세포 성장 억제 효과에서 높았다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1204-1212
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• 2005

Lung cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in the world. It occurs more increasingly due to the serious air pollution, heavy smoking, expoure to ionized radiation, pollution with heavy metal, and owing to well advanced diagnostic skill, etc. Also lung cancer has the limitation of medical care because metastasis is already shown up in more than half cases when it is first detected through medical examination. Although it is treated with chemoradiation, the rate of deaths from lung cancer is high as well, because blood has a lot of toxicity which give side effects. So it has a low rate of cure. So, the ways of various treatment is being researched to raise the rate of care and decrease the side effects recently, and one of the results is inducing apoptosis which makes use of molecularbiologic diagnosis of lung cancer's cell and using oriental medicine drugs. The purpose of this study is whether apoptosis would happen on the human lung carcinoma cell by treated with Junglyeokdaejosape-tang, Junglyeok-tang Junglyeokdaejosape-tang and Junglyeok-tang has been prescribed for cough, chest pain, and many other similar cases. Cough and chest pain is shown in early lung cancer. That is why we used these prescriptions. Apoptosis happend on the human lung carcinoma A549 cells treated with Jeongiyeokdaejosapye-tang, Jeonglyeok-tang. The concentration-dependent inhibition of cell viability was observed and apoptosis was confirmed by DNA fragmentation. Bcl-2 and COX-2 mRNA expression decreased, but Bax mRNA expression increased, so it was identified with the case of indomethacin known to enhance apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Also expression of the p21, p53, cyclin E, cyclin D1, cytochrome c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 protein increased and the activity of caspase-3 increased, as well. Last, fragmentation of the PARP was shown. The previous and present results indicated that apoptosis of A549 cells by above-mentioned drugs is associated with the blockage of G1/S progression.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2004

Objectives ; This study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of herbal acupuncture with distilled fresh ginseng. The herbal acupuncture was injected to Chung-wan($C.V_{12}$) and Wisu($BL_{21}$) of mice that were subjected to Sarcoma-180 adbominal cancer cell and A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro. Methods : Anti-cancer effects of distilled fresh ginseng herbal acupuncture were tested by measruing Cox, Bcl-2, and Bax by using RT-PCR in A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro. And four weeks old Balb/c line male mice weighing around $20\;{\pm}\;3g$ were used to measure survival rate and anti-cancer effect to outputs of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 using flow cytometry, possibility of mRNA menifestation using RT-PCR, and Cox mRNA. The results are as follows. Results : 1. In measuring mRNA menifestation in Cox, Bcl-2, and Bax by using RT-PCR in A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro, the result showed that fresh ginseng decreased Cox-2 which is directly involved in Inflammation process. 2. Survival rate was measured in an anti-cancer effect experiment against Sarcoma-180 abdorminal cancer. Median survival time of controlled group was 27 days, of experiment group I was 21 days, and of experiment group II was 27 days. Therefore, experiment group I showed -22.2% increase in survival rate and experiment group II showed no difference compare to controlled group. 3. There was no difference between condition group and controlled and experiment group in measuring outputs of interleukin-2 and interleukin 4 by using flow cytometry 4. In measuring outputs of interleukin-2 by using ELISA, there was no significant difference between condition group and controlled group and there was decrease in experiment group II compared to conditioned and controlled group. 5. In measuring cytokine mRNA menifestation by using RT-PCR, experiment group I showed increase of mRNA menifestation in interleukin-2,4 and $interferon-{\gamma}$ and experiment group II showed no significant difference in $interferon-{\gamma}$. Conclusion : According to the results, fresh ginseng herbal-acupuncture took a little effects in cancer. In using distilled fresh ginseng herbal acupuncture has effect on Cox-2 decrease. However, the difference in concentration of fresh ginseng showed no effect on killing cancer cell. It is assumed that inaccurate concentration of herbal acupuncture and fresh ginseng component could be the reason for this result. Therefore, future consideration will be studies on herbal acupuncture concentration.