• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.125-146
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• 1990

The relationale for recording mandibular movement is to accurately adjust an articulator. Techniques to record mandibular movement include radiographic interpretation, extraoral tracing, and intraoral recording materials. This study was performed to compare the concylar guidance inclination and Bennett shift(immediate & progressive side shift)obtained by using an electronic pantograph, pantograph and wax interocclusal records in Korean. Ten adults who have normal occlusion and are free of TMJ dysfunction were selected and clutches were constructed. At first Pantronic survey was performed three times by using an kinematic hinge axis according to manufacturer's direction. Next pantographic survey was performed three times and the articulator was adjusted with each pantographic recording. And then maxillary cast was attached to the articulator with pantographic as a face-bow and the mandibular cast was mounted to the articulator with centric relation record. Three protrusive, three left lateral and three right lateral wax interocclusal records were taken on the subjects and the articulator was adjusted with each interocclusal record. Protrusive condylar inclination, lateral condylar inclination, immediate side shift and progressive side shift obtained by using electronic pantograph, pantograph and wax interocclusal record were compared and analized. The results were as follows; 1. The average left and right protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination($33.7^{\circ},\;37.1^{\circ},\;40.6^{\circ},\;43.5^{\circ}$) record with Pantronic was significantly greater than that recorded with other methods. 2. The average left and right protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination($24.8^{\circ},\;27.0^{\circ},\;31.4^{\circ},\;32.4^{\circ}$)recorded with wax interocclusal record was less than that of other methods. 3. The average left and right immediate side shift(0.57mm,0.44mm)recorded with wax interocclusal record was greater than that of other methods and the average left rigtht immmediate side shift(0.30mm,0.41mm)recorded with Pantronic was significantly greater than that recorded with pantograph(0.11mm,0.20mm). 4. The average variance of wax interocclusal was signivicantly higher than that of other methods.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to compare the sagittal condylar guidance obtained by the graphic method(pantographic tracing) with that produced by the positional method(check-bite). Ten adults who had normal occlusion and were free of TMJ dysfunction were selected, and the clutches were constructed. At first pantographic survey was performed and the articulator was adjusted with each pantographic recording. And then three protrusive check-bite were taken on the subjects using the polyether$(Lamitec^{(R)})$ on the buccal side of the posterior teeth without the interocclusal record method and the vericheck method was performed with each protrusive check-bite. Sagittal condylar guidances obtained by using the pantograph and Vericheck were compared and analyzed statistically. The results were as follows: 1. The average condylar guidance ankle at 4mm and 7mm from centric relation point on the pantograph $(35.9{\pm}1.10^{\circ},\;32.4{\pm}1.55^{\circ})$ was statisccally significant(P<0.01). 2. The average condylar guidance angle of the Vericheck was $27.0{\pm}3.43^{\circ}$. 3. The comparison of the right and left was not statistically significant in all group(P>0.05). 4. The comparison of pantograph and Vericheck was statistically significant in the right and left(P<0.001).

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.54.1-54.1
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• 2015

We observed 38 Planck Cold Clumps (PCCs) in the $850{\mu}m$ dust continuum emission using the JCMT/SCUBA-2, and detected the emission in 15 clumps containing dense cores. In this poster we present the preliminary results. The PCCs are cold, dense, and thus, they are considered as objects in the early evolutionary stages of star formation. The sources in our sample were selected based on the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) 13CO (1-0) integrated intensity maps. In order to examine whether these cores detected in $850{\mu}m$ continuum have potential to be prestellar cores, we compare each core mass estimated from the $850{\mu}m$ continuum with the Virial mass and Bonnor-Ebert (BE) mass calculated from the 13CO (1-0) or C18O (1-0) spectra. By comparing the two column densities from the dust continuum and the 13CO (1-0) or C18O (1-0) line, we also derive the CO depletion factor, which could be an indicator of core evolution. The moment maps of the 13CO (1-0) line are used to study the physical properties (e.g. kinematics, turbulence) of PCCs. We investigate difference between the sources with and without detectable $850{\mu}m$ emission to study the formation conditions of dense cores.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.107-134
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• 2002

Globalization of the industry induces the internationalization of any given manufacturing company's supply chain. Development of e-Commerce and Information Technology (IT) changes the logistics structure, making logistics information systems essential. Web-based connectivity and supply chains based on new technologies are becoming essential in the logistics industry. Customers are driving the implementation of systems to ensure timely, thorough, and accurate information, often with immediate access; in response, the Internet has propagated tracking and tracing systems. Value-added services are the key to successful intermediary activities. The nationwide Integrated Logistics Information System (ILIS) aimed to utilize existing and future information infrastructure and knowledge bases to build an integrated logistics information network that would provide comprehensive logistics information services for shippers and carriers in order to improve the efficiency of both inventory and information flows in their supply chains. The ILIS, as one of the seven national information networks, has provided various services, particularly services related to import/export and clearance. Though a survey concerning logistics information services shows rather positive results, shippers and carriers still require better services and reductions in EDI prices. Therefore, the role of the ILIS needs to be re-defined. Short-term plans for the ILIS contain ICD services and XML/EDI services, which are described in detail.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.50-60
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• 2022

The concentration levels and distribution characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated and evaluated for total 100 soil samples as a part of the survey on soil contamination in Gwangju. The results (median and range) of T-PAHs (sum of 16 PAH concentrations), C-PAHs (sum of carcinogenic PAH concentrations) and T-TEQs (sum of 16 TEQ concentrations) were 20.8 (7.6~1158.1), 2.2 (N.D~509.6), and 0.3 (N.D~424.6) ㎍/kg, respectively. There was a positive correlation between C-PAHs/T-PAHs and T-TEQs/T-PAHs except one point where the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene was high. The ratios of the C-PAHs/T-PAHs were 31.7% for low molecular weight-PAHs and 68.3% for high molecular weight-PAHs, suggesting that PAHs generation mainly arose from combustion sources. The ratio of isomers of individual PAHs, Phe/Ant, Flu/Pyr, Ant/(Ant+Phe), Flu/(Flu+Pyr), and BaA/(BaA+Chr), also confirmed the predominance of PAHs from combustion activities. Statistical tracing of the source of PAHs through principal component analysis indicated that the main sources of combustion were automobile fuel and coal. The overall results of this study suggested HMW-PAHs, T-PAHs, C-PAHs and T-TEQs should be separately evaluated to better assess the toxicity and environmental behavior of individual PAHs.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.427-431
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• 2004

We use simulations of large-scale structure formation to study the build-up of magnetic fields (MFs) in the intergalactic medium. Our basic assumption is that cosmological MFs grow in a magnetohy-drodynamical (MHD) amplification process driven by structure formation out of a magnetic seed field present at high redshift. This approach is motivated by previous simulations of the MFs in galaxy clusters which, under the same hypothesis that we adopt here, succeeded in reproducing Faraday rotation measurements (RMs) in clusters of galaxies. Our ACDM initial conditions for the dark matter density fluctuations have been statistically constrained by the observed large-scale density field within a sphere of 110 Mpc around the Milky Way, based on the IRAS 1.2-Jy all-sky redshift survey. As a result, the positions and masses of prominent galaxy clusters in our simulation coincide closely with their real counterparts in the Local Universe. We find excellent agreement between RMs of our simulated galaxy clusters and observational data. The improved numerical resolution of our simulations compared to previous work also allows us to study the MF in large-scale filaments, sheets and voids. By tracing the propagation of ultra high energy (UHE) protons in the simulated MF we construct full-sky maps of expected deflection angles of protons with arrival energies $E = 10^{20}\;eV$ and $4 {\times} 10^{19}\;eV$, respectively. Accounting only for the structures within 110 Mpc, we find that strong deflections are only produced if UHE protons cross galaxy clusters. The total area on the sky covered by these structures is however very small. Over still larger distances, multiple crossings of sheets and filaments may give rise to noticeable deflections over a significant fraction of the sky; the exact amount and angular distribution depends on the model adopted for the magnetic seed field. Based on our results we argue that over a large fraction of the sky the deflections are likely to remain smaller than the present experimental angular sensitivity. Therefore, we conclude that forthcoming air shower experiments should be able to locate sources of UHE protons and shed more light on the nature of cosmological MFs.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.41.4-42
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• 2015

Outflows and jets from young stellar objects (YSOs) are prominent observational phenomena in star formation process. Indicating currently ongoing star formation and directly tracing mass accretion, they provide clues about the accretion processes and accretion history of YSOs. While outflows of low-mass YSOs are commonly observed and well studied, such studies for high-mass YSOs have been so far rather limited owing to their large distances and high visual extinction. Recently, we have found a number of molecular hydrogen (H2 1-0 S(1) at 2.12 micron) outflows in the long, filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G53.2 located at 1.7 kpc from UWISH2, the unbiased, narrow-band imaging survey centered at 2.12 micron using WFCAM/UKIRT. In IRDC G53.2 which is an active star-forming region with ~300 YSOs, H2 outflows are ubiquitously distributed around YSOs along dark filaments. In this study, we present the most prominent H2 outflow among them identified in one of the IRDC cores MSXDC G53.11+00.05. The outflow shows a remarkable bipolar morphology and has complex structures with several flows and knots. The outflow size of ~1 pc and H2 luminosity about ~1.2 Lsol as well as spectral energy distributions of the Class I YSOs at the center suggest that the outflow is likely associated with a high-mass YSO. We report the physical properties of H2 outflow and characteristics of central YSOs that show variability between several years using the H2 and [Fe II] images obtained from UWISH2, UWIFE and Subaru/IRCS+AO188 observations. Based on the results, we discuss the possible origin of the outflow and accretion processes in terms of massive star formation occurring in IRDC core.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.24.1-24.16
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• 2021

Background: Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a well-known cause of zoonotic tuberculosis in cattle and deer, and has been investigated in many physiological and molecular studies. However, detailed genome-level studies of M. bovis have not been performed in Korea. Objectives: To survey whole genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in Korean M. bovis field isolates and to define M. bovis groups in Korea by comparing SNP typing with spoligotyping and variable number tandem repeat typing. Methods: A total of 46 M. bovis field isolates, isolated from laryngopharyngeal lymph nodes and lungs of Korean cattle, wild boar, and Korean water deer, were used to identify SNPs by performing whole-genome sequencing. SNP sites were confirmed via polymerase chain reaction using 87 primer pairs. Results: We identified 34 SNP sites with different frequencies across M. bovis isolates, and performed SNP typing and epidemiological analysis, which divided the 46 field isolates into 16 subtypes. Conclusions: Through SNP analysis, detailed differences in samples with identical spoligotypes could be detected. SNP analysis is, therefore, a useful epidemiological tracing tool that could enable better management of bovine TB, thus preventing further outbreaks and reducing the impact of this disease.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2024

As the importance of software and artificial education is emphasized on the digital transformation era, various educational materials are being developed and distributed. To achieve the purpose of software education, various software education programs suitable for school settings need to be provided. In this paper, we developed a software education program using self-driving that can be applied to secondary school software education and applied it to secondary school students. The developed software education program is a physical computing program consisting of various motion control programs such as object detection, line tracing using various sensors, focusing on experience and practice. As a result of the survey, students' attitudes and career orientation toward software and artificial intelligence, and satisfaction with software education were over 90%, and satisfaction with the proposed program was over 95%.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.248-259
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• 2016

This study covers museum rest areas among the methods that reduce museum fatigue. The subjects of the study were Seoul branch of the representative National Museum of Contemporary Art and National Museum of Korea. These museums were compared and analyzed with The National Art Center of Tokyo and Tokyo National Museum. The first research step was the analysis of museums' floor plan, and the second step was the tracing survey of visitors' movement. The result of this study was as follows. The National Art Center of Tokyo and Tokyo National Museum had the rest space within the visitors' route along with good viewing areas. National Museum of Korea had poor viewing area even though there was the rest space withing the visitors' route. Lastly, Seoul branch of National Museum of Contemporary Art had the rest space out of visitors' route along with poor viewing areas. This study is meaningful in that it provided guidelines for museum space plan with visitors' route considered, so that their museum fatigue can be relieved along with the guideline that can be applied to space elements of rest space.