• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 1994

The inverted pendulum is one of the control mechanism that has been frequently used to verify the control theory in the laboratory. In this paper, the author made an inverted pendulum driven by DC servomotor with a simple DC motor drive circuit, and constituted a control system. The control mechanism is modeled, and identified parameters of inverted pendulum system by experimental method. The author used the LQ regulator as control algorithm and the minimum order observer algorithm to observe states that can not be measured. And the validity of parameter identification and the excellent performance of the control system designed by LQR are confirmed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2019

Using geographical indication, a type of source identification, can effectively promote local specialty agricultural products of superior quality, by identifying the specific geographic location or origin of the produce. Agricultural products can be registered using the geographical indication by describing the product's relation to its geographical origin including the reputation and quality. However, this indication has no objective standards to qualify goods as agricultural specialty products. The purpose of this study is to suggest basic criteria to define the characteristics and criteria of agricultural specialties based on a quantitative evaluation method. To propose this basic standard, we used the proportion of arable land to denote the major production areas and the location quotient (LQ) index to grasp the extent of the specialty of a product. The results show that the average LQ values of registered agricultural products, particularly apples, pears, and garlic, are 3.26, 8.01, and 2.82, respectively. This indicates that they are more specialized than produce from other areas that have not registered for a geographical indication. Low LQ values were found in some areas with registered rice geographical indications, which are also more focused on their historical reputation as the main rice producing areas. Considering the agricultural specialty of products, the recommendation is that the producing proportion should be over 1% of the national scale and over 10% of the province scale, and the LQ value should be over 2.0. This recommendation is not a requirement, but the criteria can prove to be useful in identifying a higher range of specialized agricultural products.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.496-501
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• 2009

Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) produces two kind of torque that Magnetic and Reluctance torque. The permanent magnet linkage flux ${\Psi}_a$ and d-axis and q-axis inductances have an important influence on the torque characteristic of IPMSM. Thus their accurate prediction is essential for predicting performance aspect such as the torque and flux-weakening capabilities. In this paper, the influence of barrier width on the ${\Psi}_a$ and $L_d$, $L_q$ is calculated by FEM analysis. Predictions are validated by comparison the average torques, using Maxwell Stress Tensor method.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8679-8684
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• 2014

CD133 was recently reported to be a cancer stem cell and prognostic marker. Quercetin is considered as a potential chemopreventive agent due to its involvement in suppression of oxidative stress, proliferation and metastasis. In this study, the expression of CD133/CD44 in esophageal carcinomas and Eca109/9706 cells was explored. In immunoflurorescence the locations of $CD133^+$ and multidrug resistance 1 $(MDR1)^+$ in the same E-cancer cells were coincident, mainly in cytomembranes. In esophageal squamous cell carcinomas detected by double/single immunocytochemistry, small $CD133^+$ cells were located in the basal layer of stratified squamous epithelium, determined as CSLC (cancer stem like cells); $CD44^+$ surrounding the cells appeared in diffuse pattern, and the larger $CD44^+$ (hi) cells were mainly located in the prickle cell layer of the epithelium, as progenitor cells. In E-cancer cells exposed to nanoliposomal quercetin (nLQ with cytomembrane permeability), down-regulation of NF-${\kappa}Bp65$, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and cyclin D1 and up-regulation of caspase-3 were shown by immunoblotting, and attenuated HDAC1 with nuclear translocation and promoted E-cadherin expression were demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. In particular, enhanced E-cadherin expression reflected the reversed epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) capacity of nLQ, acting as cancer attenuator/preventive agent. nLQ acting as an HDAC inhibitor induced apoptotic cells detected by TUNEL assay mediated via HDAC-NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. Apoptotic effects of liposomal quercetin (LQ, with cytomembrane-philia) combined with CD133 antiserum were also detected by CD133 immunocytochemistry combined with TUNEL assay. The combination could induce greater apoptotic effects than nLQ induced alone, suggesting a novel anti-CSC treatment strategy.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.489-489
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• 2000

Recently, Reinforcement Learning(RL) methods have been used far teaming problems in Partially Observable Markov Decision Process(POMDP) environments. Conventional RL-methods, however, have limited applicability to POMDP To overcome the partial observability, several algorithms were proposed [5], [7]. The aim of this paper is to extend our previous algorithm for POMDP, called Labeling Q-learning(LQ-learning), which reinforces incomplete information of perception with labeling. Namely, in the LQ-learning, the agent percepts the current states by pair of observation and its label, and the agent can distinguish states, which look as same, more exactly. Labeling is carried out by a hash-like function, which we call Labeling Function(LF). Numerous labeling functions can be considered, but in this paper, we will introduce several labeling functions based on only 2 or 3 immediate past sequential observations. We introduce the basic idea of LQ-learning briefly, apply it to maze problems, simple POMDP environments, and show its availability with empirical results, look better than conventional RL algorithms.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.99-122
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to develop a program for the enhancement of Korean married women's quality of life(LQ) based on the results of the first year study(1996) and the second year research(1998). In order to construct a program, a psycological type test was conducted to 505 women and four preliminary programs were carried out focusing on self-esteem, understanding of one's own personality dynamics, efficient communication, positive emotion, social belongingness and expressions of feelings of unfinished business. For the final program, Jung's theory of psychological type(MBTI, Satir's family therapy approach and psychodrama were applied. An experimental and a control group were designed consisting 16 women for each group. The program was carried out for 6 weeks for the experimental group. The result of treatment were as follows: 1) There was a difference statistically in LQ related to family harmony, serif-achievement and improvement of relationship with in-laws. 2) There was a statistical change in psychological factors of expression of feelings, self-esttem, communication, and positive emotions. 3) The program participants self reports indicate that the program was effective for the reconstruction of family relationship, self-understanding, group coherence, and instigation of hope. The reports also shows that the program was effective for the perceptual changes in parent-child, wife-husband and siblings' relationships. In conclusion, the program developed for the enhancement of Korean married women's life quality(LQ) based on the Jung's psychological type theory, Satir's family therapy approach and psychodrama was erective for the improvement of LQ.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.903-916
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• 2012

We need to use aesthetic landscape assessment(ALA) as the means of riparian buffer zone(RBZ) management. This study verified the political validity of designation policy of RBZ and land purchase policy. The purpose of this study was to propose RBZ landscape management strategies through ALA of RBZ in Gyeongan Stream for the better attractive and healthy riparian landscapes. The natural type landscape units(LUs) covered 40.9% of the entire area and the cultivated land type LUs covered 20.58%. Landscape assessment consisted of landscape quality and landscape integration assessment. The criteria for assessing landscape quality(LQ) were naturalness, interest, uniqueness, and landscape function. LQ was ranked into five grades using a matrix. The landscape integration assessment consisted of an inner integration assessment in each LU and outer integration assessment among LUs. To review the propriety of designating the riparian area and the riparian ecological belt, differences in ecological appraisal and aesthetic valuation were reviewed through a t-test, Oneway ANOVA, and logistic analysis. The results of ALA, 29.15% of the entire area scored at grade 1 in LQ, while 31.95% scored at grade 5, indicating that grade 5 areas occupied a high share. Surveyed areas were divided into designated RBZ and undesignated RBZ. Results indicated that designated RBZ scored grade 1 in LQ took up 33.2% of the total, significantly higher than the 23.3% taken up by undesignated RBZ. When examined according to buffer distance, grade 1 areas within 50m took up 50.2% of the total area, lower than the 32.7% at buffer distances of 500m-1km. Results indicated a 1% statistically significant difference. Accordingly, analysis was undertaken for the expansion of designation of the riparian area and the selection of appropriate land for formation of a riparian ecological belt, and was designated at priority 1 and 2 for land purchase. This study can also contribute to the formation of a riverine eco-belt through discovery of design factors for upgrading the ecology, aesthetics, and landscape of the riparian area and application in determining land purchase priorities.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2001

A synchronous motor(SM) with q-axis special field winding of which the q-axis field-current compensates and cancels armature reaction can be driven at unity power factor under the conditions of transient state as well as steady state. The motor operates in high efficiency in all conditions. However, in order to obtain maximum performance of the motor, it is required that the time constant of armature circuit corresponds to that of q-axis field circuit. Inverse LQ(ILQ) design method on a basis of the pole assignment is suitable for this problem:(1) The time constants of the output responses can be designed for desired specifications, (2) Relations between feedback gains and response of closed loop system are very clear and (3) Optimal solutions can be given by simple procedure of ILQ method without solving the Ricaati's equation, compared to the usual LQ design method. Accordingly, the ILQ method can make the responses of armature current and q-axis field-current correspond. In this paper, it is proved by numerical simulations and experiments that the ILQ method is very effective for optimal regulator design of this plant and realizes a high-performance motor with unity power factor and high efficiency.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2012

This paper addresses the problem that policy iteration (PI) for continuous-time (CT) systems requires explorations of the state space which is known as persistency of excitation in adaptive control community, and as a result, proposes a PI scheme explorized by an additional probing signal to solve the addressed problem. The proposed PI method efficiently finds in online fashion the related CT linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control without knowing the system matrix A, and guarantees the stability and convergence to the LQ optimal control, which is proven in this paper in the presence of the probing signal. A design method for the probing signal is also presented to balance the exploration of the state space and the control performance. Finally, several simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed explorized PI method.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.599-621
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• 2011

본 연구는 부산 울산 경남의 동남권 지역에 집중되어 위치한 조선 산업에서 산업클러스터의 존재여부를 도출하고 그 위상을 파악하여 앞으로의 정책추진에 있어 주요한 기준을 제시하고자 했다. 이에 본 연구는 입지계수(LQ: location quotient)를 활용한 특화도 분석을 통하여 부산 울산 경남의 동남권지역의 산업클러스터 여부를 실증적으로 확인했다. 이는 산업클러스터의 구체적인 발전전략을 세우기에 앞서 먼저 산업클러스터를 확인하는 작업이 필요하기 때문이다. 분석결과 이 동남권의 입지계수의 값은 1.25보다 작은 결과가 도출되어 이 지역의 조선산업은 아직 특화되지 못했음이 밝혀졌고, 부산 울산 경남지역 각각의 경우도 이러한 과정을 통해 이 지역의 조선 산업이 아직 특화되지 못했음이 분석되었다. 한편 이러한 분석을 통해 앞으로 세 지역 중 어떤 곳과 조선관련 산업 중 어떤 업종이 각각 전국 대비 가장 특화될 가능성이 높은지도 밝혀졌다.