• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.4 s.57
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• pp.251-261
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• 1983

Survey on soybean parasitic nematodes has been undertaken in order to get an ideas about the distribution of nemic fauna. Total 71 soil samples were collected from soybean fields in Gyeongbug and Chungbug provinces. Eighteen species belonging to fourteen different genera were found associated with soybean, Glycine max. The results were as follows: Aphelenchus avenae, Circonemoides informis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Heterodera glycines, Hirschmanniella imamuri, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Paratylenchus pandus, Pratylenchus thornei, Pratylenchus vulnus, Psilenchus hilarulus, Rotylenchus sp. Tylenchorhynchus clay toni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius, Tylenchorhynchus nudus, Tylenchus sp. Xiphinema americanum were found in soybean fields. In frequency of occurring nematodes by localities, soybean cyst nematode was higher in Chungbug by $70\%$, while $50\%$ in Gyeongbug. But rook-knot nematode was higher in Gyeongbug by $54.1\%$, while $19.1\%$ in Chungbug. In density of nematode, Heterodera was the most dominant as 200.4 populations per 100ml soil, Meloidogyne as 107.1 populations, Rotylenchus, Xiphinema, Aphelenchus in decreasing order. In survey of loss, density of soybean cyst nematode in heavily infested fields was 155 cysts per 100ml soil while 35 cysts in slightly infested fields. Seventy percent of soybean yields was decreased when comparing with average 64.2kg/10a in heavily infested fields and average 209.5kg/10a in slightly infested. Correlation coefficients among number of soybean cyst and yields, pod weight, number of pod was negative as r- 0.57, 0.47, 0.38 over all localities.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.305-316
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics related to self assertiveness in teenage girls, and to identify the relationship between the self assertiveness and sexual experiences in teenage girls in Korea. The subjects for this study were 12,733 girls from an accessible population of 19,000 girls who were a multi-stage cluster sample from a population of 1,988,902 girls attending to 4,684 schools in the seven large cities and nine provinces of Korea. The response rate was 68.9%. Data were collected by mail from October 2 to October 28, 2000. A structured questionnaire of 125 items which included measurement of general characteristics, sexual experiences, and self-assertiveness was used. The sexual experiences were defined as dating, holding hands, putting arms on the shoulders, light kissing, French kissing, touching breasts, touching genitalia, and coitus. The self assertiveness measurement was developed by S. B. Chang et al.(2000) and has a Cronbach's alpha of .6031. Data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Program using descriptive statistics, reliability, and t-test. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The subjects were from 9th to 11th graders and 42.7% answered that they followed their partner's request. The range for the self assertiveness score was 7-21 out of a possible range of 7-21. The group of girls who were in vocational schools, lived away from family or in rural areas, attended night school, took part in drinking, smoking, and glue inhalation, who had cyber sex or phone sex or were exposed to pornography, and who had run away from home showed significantly lower self assertiveness scores than those without these characteristics (P<.05). 2. The group which had experience in dating(t=2.379, P=.017), French kissing (t=5.425, P=.000), touching breasts (t=8.637, P=.000), touching genitalia (t=6.057, P=.000), and coitus(t=6.057, P=.000) showed significantly lower self assertiveness scores than the group which had not had these sexual experiences. But there was no difference in the self assertiveness scores between the group which had experience of holding hands, light kissing, and using contraceptives compared to the group which did not. It can be concluded that the group which had delinquent behavior showed lower self assertiveness, and the lower self assertiveness led to unwanted sexual experiences. It is suggested that self assertiveness training be provided for the group with delinquent behavior as a first priority, and then analyze of the process of self assertiveness in relation to sexual experiences.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.299-318
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• 1995

This study was conducted in order to grasp the condition of the Worker's knowledge and attitude about health management. And to offer the basic materials for the health promotion in industrial field. The objects were comprised 336 of volunteered who work in E.shoemaking factory. The material of this study was the questionair (chronbach a=.8871) suited to the purposed of this research which has been made through studying references. All the guestionaire were collected inmediately without explanation. The data collected from 18th September to 1st Octover. Analysis of the data was done utilizing SAS program for percentage, mean, ANDVA. The result are as follows: 1. General features of the objects of study. Male was highest (58.6%), mean age was 30.07 years, graduated high school was highest(59.2%), producer in present place of employment was highest (76.2%), mean career was 7.45 years. 2. The conditions of attitude about health man agement. Correct answer of health examination was 77.8%. Having experience of health examination was 69.5%, among them have regularity was 70.9%. Think it too much trouble to do not health examination was 69.7%. Have got to do health examination was 95.6%. The reason of set up health clinic was emergency care 58.9%, health education 22.1%. Using health clinic was 70.4%, by monthly was 53.0%. The reason of think it too much trouble to use not health clinic was 65.2% The need of health clinic was 96.4% 3. The conditions of knowledge about health management. When 5 points was given to 'very affirming' and 1 point was given to 'very deny', the total average was 3.67, the range was 2.96-4.54. Exactly, company must given to employee put in operative health examination was highest, worked 34 hours per week on harmful worked place was lowest. And knowing about kind of harmful work was 2.86, dangerous work was 2.90. 4. Correlation between the general features and attitude variables. Female group may have more knowledge on reason of health examination. Over 50 years aged group, middle school graduated group, white colored group, less then 1 year career group may have more knowledge on health examination. White colored group may have more attitude on health examination$(\chi^2=5.210,\;P<.07)$. High careered group may have more using on health clinic $(\chi^2=12.08,\;P<.007)$. 5. Difference between the general features and knowledge of health management. High educated group were highest score in knowledge (F=5.214, P<.002). White colored group were highest score in knowledge (F=23.019, P<.000). 6. Difference between the attitude and knowledge of health management. Needing of health examination group were highest score in knowledge. (t=2.54, P<.011). Using of health clinic group were highest score in knowledge(t=190, P<.048). Needing of health clinic group were highest score in knowledge(t=5.13, P<.000).

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.137-163
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• 2010

This study examines how individual, familial, and social factors are associated with persistent very low fertility in Busan Metropolitan City and contemplates family-friendly environments and social strategies for fertility increase. Fertility decline in Busan Metropolitan City recorded the lowest birth rate nationwide recent years among metropolitan cities and provinces in Korea. Birthrates are low partly because of multiple factors such as high age at childbearing and at marriage, decline in marriage, high divorce rate, the phenomena of marriage avoidance among unmarried women, traditional gender role attitude of men, low domestic work participation of husbands among dual career couples, low marital satisfaction and family life satisfaction, abortion, and more broader attiributes such as family policy, availability of childcare, education expenses, and family-friendlyness of a society. In addition, women of dual career couples in Busan strained from domestic work overload under traditional norms of gender role, and marital satisfaction recorded below average nationwide along with espeacially low marital satisfaction of wives compared to that of husbands. Major aspects of implications and considerations for higher birth rate and family friendly policy in Busan are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.172-176
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• 2011

'Suan' is a new $F_1$ hybrid variety of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with early maturing and high oleic acid. This hybrid variety was bred by the cross between Mokpo-CGMS (male sterile line) and 8516-B-5-6-5-3 (restore line) for the production of bio-diesel and edible oil in 2006. 'Suan' has green and parted leaf, yellowish flower, and black seed coat. 'Suan' is more tolerant to lodging and stem rot compared to 'Sunmang', check variety. The ripening date of 'Suan' is June 2nd which is 6 days earlier than 'Sunmang'. Yield trials were conducted from 2006 to 2007 and regional adaptation trials were examined at five locations each in 2008 and 2009. The average seed yield of regional adaptation trials was 381 kg/10a that was 4% higher than that of 'Sunmang'. Total oil content of 'Suan' was 44.3%. Oleic acid content was 68.3%, which is 5.2% higher than 'Sunmang' but, erucic acid was not detected. Total glucosinolate content was 2.31 mg/g. Therefore, this variety is recommended as a leading variety at southwestern area including Jeonnam, Jeonbuk and Kyongnam provinces of South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.322-329
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• 2019

Background: Studies have suggested that the northern provinces of Gangwon-do are good sites for licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) cultivation in Korea, as they have similar temperatures to its original locations in northern China. However, poor growth and freezing injury are often reported in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to reassess the domestic cultivation site of licorice. Methods and Results: To determine the optimum temperature for cultivating licorice, the growth, yield, and pharmacological characteristics of G. uralensis were assessed in a temperature gradient tunnel at Eumseong, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea in 2017. Plant height increased until the temperature rose to $5.9^{\circ}C$ above the local external temperature. Yield (㎏/10a) increased by 46.9% when the growing temperature was $1.5^{\circ}C$ to $3.0^{\circ}C$ (T2) above the external temperature and by 72.6% when the growing temperature was $3.0^{\circ}C-4.5^{\circ}C$ (T3) above the external temperature. However, a difference of $4.5^{\circ}C-5.9^{\circ}C$ (T4) above the external temperature, decreased the yield by 9.8% compared to that at T2. The glycyrrhizin content of G. uralensis roots in each temperature band was 0.72%, 0.53%, 0.91%, and 0.84% (T1, T2, T3, T4), these differences appear to result form individual plant variation rather than growth temperature. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, we estimate that the temperature-based optimum cultivation site for G. uralensis in Korea is the south central region, rather than the northern province of Gangwon-do. Improvement in growth and yield maybe observed if the plantations in the central Jecheon (Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea) are expanded into the south central region.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.236-240
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• 2010

'Jomang' is a new $F_1$ hybrid variety of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with early maturation, high yield and high oleic acid. This hybrid variety was developed from the cross between Mokpo-CGMS (male sterile line) and 8516-B-5-6-5-3 (restore line) for the production of edible oil and biodiesel in 2006. Yield trials were conducted from 2007 to 2008, and regional adaptation trials were examined at four locations in 2008. 'Jomang' has green and parted leaf, yellowish flower and black seed coat. The ripening date of 'Jomang' is 1~4 days earlier than 'Sunmang' and 'Tammiyuchae'. The average seed yield of the regional adaptation trials was 406 kg/10a, which was 7% and 42% higher than those of 'Sunmang' and 'Tammiyuchae,' respectively. Total oil content of 'Jomang' was 44.5%. 'Jomang' has no erucic acid in fatty acid composition. However, oleic acid content is 68.2%, which is 3.4% and 5.1% higher than 'Tammiyuchae' and 'Sunmang,' respectively. Total glucosinolate content was 2.31 mg/g. Therefore, this variety is recommended as a leading variety at southwestern area including Jeonnam, Jeonbuk and Kyongnam provinces and Cheju island of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.3-18
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• 2018

These days, regional innovation draws more attention than ever as a growth engine for regional economies, and governments put a variety of efforts to establish Regional Innovation systems(RISs). In this circumstance, this study aims to analyze types of RISs and the combinations of the factors influencing innovation performance as measured by patent application. Most of previous works have depended on case-oriented or variable-oriented strategy to classify types of RISs or to analyze the effects on performance of innovation factors, having some limitations: Variable-oriented approaches fail to capture complex combinatory effects of factors, while case-oriented approaches tend to depend on subjective interpretation. This study made use of the recently proposed fs/QCA(Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to overcome the limitations of those strategies. Based on the theory of RIS, three factors for regional innovation-input, infrastructure, and network-are used to classify 16 Korean Provinces. The results show that eight types of regional innovation types are identified, and that most of the regions are classified into either IN-type, equipped with high levels of Input and Network, or F-type, with high levels of infrastructure. In addition, applying seven sub-variables of the three factors to the fussy-set combination factor analysis, we examine a combination of factors influencing patent application. The results show that regions with high levels of R&D expense, valid patent, industry-academia cooperation, IP budget, and TLO values, and low IP capital almost always have a high level of patent application. Therefore, for regional innovation, the public sector needs to provide institutional support for R & D personnel training. It is also important to for both the public and the private sectors to make efforts to stimulate IP financing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate perceptions of mental health literacy and mental health services of local public officials in Korea. The participants were 273 civil servants working in three Gangwondo provinces. Data were collected from July 1, 2018 to August 15, 2018 using structured questionnaires, and SPSS Ver. 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results showed mental health literacy of public officials was 101.45 points (range 35-160). Mental health literacy level was found to be significantly dependent on occupation and levels of mental health education, mental health treatment experience, and family mental health treatment experience. Only 39.9% of respondents stated they were aware of mental health welfare centers. The most common condition that caused respondents to seek mental health services was depression (35.9%). In addition, 44.7% of the respondents opined that mental health care was improving due to community changes. An analysis of the relationship between perceptions of mental health welfare centers and mental health literacy scores showed a positive relationship between participant prior knowledge about mental health welfare centers and investment in mental health management (p=.012), suggesting a need for further development of educational programs using mental health nurses to improve mental health literacy among community officials.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between swing phase and airborne phase of Tkatchev motion which was successfully performed with following motion by excellent middle and high school athletes in horizontal bar. Method: The subjects for this study were 8 male middle and high school top athletes. After their Tkatchev motions were filmed by two digital highspeed camcorders setting in 90 frames/sec at the 44th National Gymnastics against Cities and Provinces, the % lapse time lapse time of each instant, inferred maximum force acting on horizontal bar, and other kinematical variables were calculated through DLT method. After the relations among the % lapse times of each instants of downswing-start, downswing-finish, whipswing-finish, release, peak-height, and lapse time of regrasp, the relation among maximum force acting on bar, % lapse time, peak height, and the relation between % lapse time and release height were examined, the biomechanical timing characteristics of Tkatchev motion were as follows. Results: Firstly, it was revealed that the whole lapse time was $1.62{\pm}.06s$ and the correlation between the % lapse time of downswing-start and % lapse time of release was .819. Secondly, it was revealed that the pattern of COG path was shifted forwardly and tilted 11 clockwise from origin. Thirdly, it was revealed that maximum force acting on bar was inferred in $2,283{\pm}425N$ ($4.7{\pm}.6BW$) and the correlation between maximum force and peak height was r = .893. Lastly, it was revealed that the horizontal and vertical component of body COG velocity was $-2.14{\pm}.29m/s$, $2.70{\pm}.43m/s$ respectively, release height was $.49{\pm}.12m$, and shoulder angle was $139{\pm}5deg$, and that the later the % lapse time of release, the higher the release height (r = .935). Conclusion: It is desired that the gymnastic athletes should delay the downswing-start near the horizontal plane on $2^{nd}$ quadrant because the later the % lapse time of downswing, the higher the release height. After all the higher release height could ensure the athletes to regrasp the bar safely, the athletes should exercise to make downswing-start delay.