Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회)
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The Biomechanical Study on the Timings of Tkatchev Motion in Horizontal Bar

중고등학교 우수 선수의 철봉 Tkatchev 기술의 순간 동작 시점에 관한 운동역학적 연구

  • Received : 2019.04.02
  • Accepted : 2019.04.16
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between swing phase and airborne phase of Tkatchev motion which was successfully performed with following motion by excellent middle and high school athletes in horizontal bar. Method: The subjects for this study were 8 male middle and high school top athletes. After their Tkatchev motions were filmed by two digital highspeed camcorders setting in 90 frames/sec at the 44th National Gymnastics against Cities and Provinces, the % lapse time lapse time of each instant, inferred maximum force acting on horizontal bar, and other kinematical variables were calculated through DLT method. After the relations among the % lapse times of each instants of downswing-start, downswing-finish, whipswing-finish, release, peak-height, and lapse time of regrasp, the relation among maximum force acting on bar, % lapse time, peak height, and the relation between % lapse time and release height were examined, the biomechanical timing characteristics of Tkatchev motion were as follows. Results: Firstly, it was revealed that the whole lapse time was $1.62{\pm}.06s$ and the correlation between the % lapse time of downswing-start and % lapse time of release was .819. Secondly, it was revealed that the pattern of COG path was shifted forwardly and tilted 11 clockwise from origin. Thirdly, it was revealed that maximum force acting on bar was inferred in $2,283{\pm}425N$ ($4.7{\pm}.6BW$) and the correlation between maximum force and peak height was r = .893. Lastly, it was revealed that the horizontal and vertical component of body COG velocity was $-2.14{\pm}.29m/s$, $2.70{\pm}.43m/s$ respectively, release height was $.49{\pm}.12m$, and shoulder angle was $139{\pm}5deg$, and that the later the % lapse time of release, the higher the release height (r = .935). Conclusion: It is desired that the gymnastic athletes should delay the downswing-start near the horizontal plane on $2^{nd}$ quadrant because the later the % lapse time of downswing, the higher the release height. After all the higher release height could ensure the athletes to regrasp the bar safely, the athletes should exercise to make downswing-start delay.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Consecutive instants during whole interval

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Figure 2. Pattern of body COG path (left) and timing of each instant (right) during whole interval

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Figure 3. Instants of maximum forces acting on bar

Table 1. Descriptive statistics about % lapse time at each instant and phasic lapse time

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Table 2. Correlation among % lapse times and lapse time

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Table 3. Descriptive statistics about maximum forces, % lapse time and angular velocity · acceleration

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Table 5. Descriptive statistics about variables of projectile motion during airborne interval

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Table 4. Correlation among maximum force, % lapse time, whole body angular velocity and peak height

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Table 6. Correlation between % lapse time, shoulder angle and release height

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