• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2024

To determinate the content of acanthoic acid and kaurenoic acid in 70% EtOH and hot water extracts of Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, quantitative analysis of each compound in samples was carried out by a HPLC-UVD. Also, the identification of each acompound in samples was successfully assigned by LC-MS analysis. In result, the contents of acanthoic acid and kaurenoic acid in 70% ethanoic extracts were 28.84±0.21 mg/g (2.88%), 26.38±1.63 mg/g (2.64%), respectively. However, the content of two compounds in hot-water extracts was not observed. In conclusion, it shows that 70% ethanol as a best extraction solvent to extract the acanthoic acid and its metabolite from Eleutherococcus gracilistylus was better than hot-water solvent. The 70% ethanol complex extract of Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus showed better effectiveness. In addition, the 70% ethanol extract complex of Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus showed better effects than the hot water solvent of DPPH radical scavenging ability, total polyphenols, and flavonoids content. The anti-inflammatory activity were significantly or partially reduced by treatment with ethanol extract complex(SEC) by Allium Hookeri and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.857-867
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• 2023

In this study, the extraction yield, acidic polysaccharides and ginsenosides of red and black ginseng were optimized by using the response surface methodology in consideration of the ethanol concentration and temperature of the extraction. The R² of the model formula for the yield, acidic polysaccharides and ginsenosides was 0.8378-0.9679 (p<0.1). An optimal extraction yield of 5.29% was reached for red ginseng soluble solids when 1.52% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 67.27℃. Additionally, the optimal extraction yield for black ginseng soluble solid was 6.11% when 3.12% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 66.13℃. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for extracting acidic polysaccharides from red ginseng were using an ethanol concentration of 4.03% at a temperature of 69.61℃; a yield of 1.86 mg/mL was obtained. The optimal extraction yield for acidic polysaccharides from black ginseng was 1.80 mg/mL when extracted using a concentration of 24.67% of ethanol at a temperature of 71.14℃. An optimal extraction yield of 0.22 mg/mL was reached for ginsenoside Rg₁ from red ginseng when 79.92% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 70.62℃. The optimal extraction yield of ginsenoside Rg₃ from black ginseng was 0.31 mg/mL when ethanol was used at a concentration of 75.70% at a temperature of 65.49℃. The ideal extraction conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of both acidic polysaccharide and ginsenoside from red and black ginseng were using ethanol at a concentration between 35 and 50% at an extraction temperature of 70℃.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2019

This study was intended to provide basic data for a health functional food study by exploring antioxidant activity of reflux extract according to the concentration of ethanol and the extract of ultrasonic waves extracted and reflux extracted under the same solvent conditions. In the same solvent condition, the reflux extract ($75.10{\pm}1.99mg$) showed a higher total phenol content than the ultrasonic wave extract ($51.74{\pm}2.28mg$). Flavonoids also had a higher reflux extract ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) than did ultrasonic extracts ($16.23{\pm}1.95mg$). Reflux extract according to ethanol concentration was found to have a higher phenol content than the 70% ethanol extract ($40.60{\pm}1.49mg$) in 60% ethanol extract. Flavonoid content was also similar to phenol content in reflux extract as determined by ethanol concentration from 60% ethanol ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) to 70% ethanol extract ($6.60{\pm}0.46mg$). In addition, the antioxidant activity (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC) of the reflux extract in the same solvent conditions tended to be higher than that of ultrasonic extracts. Also, 60% ethanol extract had better antioxidant activity than 70% ethanol extract. However, an analysis of phenolic acid content through HPLC showed that the ultrasonic extract had a higher content in the same solvent condition than did the reflux extract. Not only the presence of phenolic acid, but also those of other compounds are believed to be attributed to the activity of antioxidants. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify this phenomenon.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.623-628
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• 2000

The antioxidative effect of mugwort extracts was measured by DPPH and LDL with four different solutions (70% acetone, ethanol, hot water, cold water). Mugwort extracts contained 3.2% of polyphenol, 380 RE/l00 g of vitamin A, 16.2 mg/100 g of vitamin C, and 5.1 ${\alpha}$-TE/100 g of vitamin E. DPPH revealed the effect in the order of 70% acetone, hot water, ethanol, and cold water. In particular, 70% acetone showed outstandingly stronger activity than the control group. Also, when 10 ${\mu}\ell$ was added, the effect was well noticed. But the antioxidative activity was hardly seen at 15 ${\mu}\ell$. LDL exhibited the same order of strength in proportion to mugwort＇s concentration. Against the control group, the activity of 70% acetone was 7 times, hot water and ethanol 6 times, and cold water 2 times. This result is attributable to the antioxidative increase of polyphenol and antioxidative vitamins.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the antioxidative activity of feral haw (Crataegus pinnatifida BUNGE) seed extracts using 70% methanol, 70% ethanol, chloroform:methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v), n-butanol and ethyl acetate (EA). The total phenol content of the five extracts ranged from 37.29 mg/g to 55.53 mg/g. Moreover, the content was high in the 70% methanol and, 70% ethanol extracts, but low in the n-butanol extract. On the contrary, the total flavonoid content decreased in the order of n-butanol (2.93 mg/g), EA (2.67 mg/g), 70% methanol (1.00 mg/g), 70% ethanol (0.88 mg/g) and CM (0.67 mg/g) extracts. The $NO_2$ radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity by ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching assay and, superoxide dismutase (SOD) like ability decreased in the order of 70% methanol, 70% ethanol, CM, EA and, n-butanol extracts; further, a similar tendency was also observed in the total phenol contents. Overall, these results indicated that the antioxidative activity of feral haw seeds was closely related to the total phenol and flavonoid contents. Therefore, haw seeds might be usefully applied to natural antioxidants as well as functional foods.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.429-434
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the potential of Glechoma hederacea var. longituba 70% ethanol extract as a natural functional material by examining the anti-inflammatory effect of it. Macrophages results in (Raw 264.7) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Confirming the viability of the macrophages Glechoma hederacea var. longituba 70% ethanol extract showed a 95.8% survival rate at $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined the inhibitory tests on the production of LPS included nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells by Griess assay. The result showed that NO production deterrent effect of 37.4% at a concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/ml$. The deterrent effect of GG 70% ethanol extract on protein expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was measured by Western blotting using the concentrations 50, 100 and $500{\mu}g/ml$, with ${\beta}$-actin used as the positive control. The inhibitory effect of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using 50, 100 and $500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of GG 70% ethanol extract, with GAPDH used as the positive control. In experiments using Western blot and RT-PCR when compared with the control group vitamin C it was confirmed that the 70% ethanol extract from GG suppressed. When compiling the results of this study, we confirmed the possibility of GG 70% ethanol extract as an anti-inflammatory material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1637-1644
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• 2015

To develop health-functional food ingredients for improvement of diabetes, we examined biological activities, including total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities of ethanol extracts from unripe fruit of Momordica charantia L. cultivated in Hamyang, Korea. Ethanol extracts were tested using different ethanol concentrations (0%, 30%, 50%, and 70%) and temperatures ($50^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$). Experimental results showed that total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were achieved concentrations of 7.77 mg/g (tannic acid), 7.66 mg/g (gallic acid), and 10.66 mg/g (rutin). The hydroxyl radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, and FRAP activities were 82.19%, 42.82%, and 0.19 under the same conditions, respectively. The highest inhibitory activities of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase were achieved in the 70% ethanol extract at $70^{\circ}C$. These results will be useful for development of health functional foods for anti-diabetes using 70% ethanol extract from unripe fruit of bitter melon.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.347-353
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to research the cosmeceutical activity of 70% ethanol extracts when Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck (BO) was dried under red lighting (RLD), blue lighting (BLD), red+blue lighting (RBLD), or white lighting (WLD). The electron-donating abilities of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 62.8%, 68.1%, 60.9%, and 69.9%, respectively, at a concentration of 500 ppm. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 39.2%, 47.2%, 19.6%, and 21.6%, respectively, at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. In terms of xanthine oxidase inhibition effects, the proportions of 70% ethanol extracts after drying BO under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 45.1%, 56.2%, 38.8%, and 53.3%, respectively, at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The tyrosinase inhibition effects of 70% ethanol extracts when BO was dried under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 21.0%, 13.1%, 26.0%, and 19.1%, respectively, at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The collagenase inhibition effect of 70% ethanol extracts when BO was dried under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 47.4%, 20.8%, 54.6%, and 37.2%, respectively, at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The astringent inhibition effects of 70% ethanol extracts when BO was dried under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD were 21.5%, 39.6%, 40.0%, and 51.6%, respectively, at a concentration of 5,000 ppm. All of these findings suggest that BO extracts dried under RLD, BLD, RBLD, and WLD have great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with good biological activity.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.70-77
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• 2024

In this study, a fluorescent ethanol sensor is developed to determine the ethanol concentration in the liquid phase. The sensor is developed using a complex of resazurin (RA)/resorufin (RO) and a hydrotalcite (HT) catalyst in a sol-gel matrix of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to produce a fluorescent ethanol-sensing membrane (RA/RO^*HT membrane). The operation mechanism of the RA/RO^*HT membrane is based on (i) the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and (ii) the reduction of RA to RO, through electron flows followed by EtOH ↔ HT ↔ RA/RO ↔ EtOH interactions. These possible redox reactions can lead to an increased fluorescence intensity of the RA/RO^*HT membrane as the ethanol concentration increases. The RA/RO^*HT membrane shows a linear detection range of 1-20 vol.% EtOH with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.178%. Additionally, the RA/RO^*HT membrane has high sensitivity and accuracy for determining the alcohol content in several Korean alcoholic beverages.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2022

In this study, conditions for extraction of functional component from Nypa fruticans wurmb was optimized. The yield by extraction with 30% ethanol (LE30, 42.12%) was higher than those hot water extraction (LDW 33.32%), 50% ethanol (LE50, 40.12%) and 70% ethanol (LE70, 34.5%). The extract was purified and analyzed by GC MS. The prevailing compounds found in extract were Cyclodecasiloxane-, pentadecanoic acid, -eicosane, undecanal and tridecanoic acid. The presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in ethanolic extract vindicate the use of this plant to treat many diseases in traditional medicine. The total phenolic contents in the LDW, LE30, LE50, LE70 extract were 128±1.65 mg/g, 205±2.3 mg/g, 210±4.23 mg/g and 180±5.6 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH was highest in LE70 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 81.14%), ABTS was highest in LE50 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 84.14%). The protective effects against oxidative stress in raw 264.7 cell imparted by the LE50 extract was better than those imparted by the other extracts. The findings of the present study suggest that 50% ethanol is best solvent for extraction of Nypa fruticans Wurmb, considering yield, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activities with extraction cost.