• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-105
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• 2021

In order to establish a digital-based use environment for the provision of new information services suitable for the 5G era, it is necessary to discuss the direction of service provision by the National Library of Children and Young Adults in the 5G era. Based on utilization services in other fields, library services in the 5G era, including the development and provision of employee education and training services, ultra-high-definition and 360-degree realistic contents and education on library use, provision of multi-dimensional realistic media streaming broadcasting services, provision of telepresence education programs, activation of virtual communities, implementation of hologram performance halls/exhibit centers, and provision of unmanned book delivery services, environment monitoring, safety monitoring, and customized services, were proposed. In addition, based on 5G service, 5G technology, and library application direction, advancing into a producing and supporting base for ultra-realistic and immersive contents in the 5G era, strengthening online and mobile services in the non-contact era, and establishing a smart library environment were proposed as the service provision direction for the National Library of Children and Young Adults in the 5G era.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 5G 이동통신의 서비스 트래픽 특성 및 주파수를 분석하고, 5G 이동통신 서비스를 효율적으로 제공할 수 있는 망구축 및 운용 방안을 제시하였다. 5G 이동통신 서비스는 수 kbps의 음성 및 사물인터넷 서비스부터 1 Gbps 이상의 홀로그램 영상 서비스까지 다양한 데이터 전송 속도를 나타내고 있다. 5G 이동통신 서비스는 다양한 데이터 전송 속도와 모바일 서비스 트래픽의 증가로 인한 다중 주파수 대역을 이용함으로써 다양한 셀 커버리지 환경을 나타낸다. 5G 이동통신 서비스를 효율적으로 제공하기 위해서는 새로운 서비스 환경에서 나타나는 서비스 커버리지와 다중 대역 주파수의 최적화된 망구축이 필요하다. 현재 논의되는 5G 주파수 블록을 고려하여 3.5 GHz 대역이 5G 서비스 100 Mbps를 셀 경계 200 m에서 제공한다고 가정하면, 28 GHz 대역은 1 Gbps의 홀로그램 서비스를 셀 경계 50 m에서 그리고 500 Mbps 4k UHD 서비스를 셀 경계 100 m에서 제공할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 다양한 5G 서비스를 다중 주파수 대역과 매칭하는 주파수 포트폴리오를 구성한 망구축 방안은 5G 이동통신 서비스를 효율적으로 제공할 수 있다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

The paper presents five strategic opinions for promoting the fourth industry revolution through the supply of 5G additional frequency. The assessments are on the basis of 5G frequency utilization technologies and services, with reference to 3GPP 5G New Radio standards, after investigating the domestic 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G mobile communication services as well as the use of mobile radio frequency and spectrum. The presented opinions contain the frequency supply of contiguous-wide bandwidth channels, harmonized frequency supply between licensed and unlicensed spectrum, the existing 4G frequency recycle for increasing 5G coverage and capacity, balance frequency supply in the multi-band for 5G services, and the development of 5G vertical frequency for industry. The aim is that the presented five strategic opinions can offer guidance for the upcoming plan of domestic 5G additional frequency supply.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2022

5G 서비스 등장한 후 우리의 생활 방식을 크게 변화시켰다. 특히 스마트폰과 Long Term Evolution을 통한 네트워크 서비스의 확산은 사람과 사람 사이에 음성, 문자통신에 한정되었던 기존 이동통신 방식을 완전히 바꾸었으며, 사용자와 기업 활동의 모든 측면에서 혁신적 서비스들이 등장하게 되었다. 본 연구는 5G 서비스의 사용자 사회적 특성과 사용자가 5G 서비스의 사용의도의 관계를 검증하였다. 독립변수(사회적 실재감, 주관적 규범)들과 매개변수(지각된 유용성) 및 종속변수(사용의도) 간의 관계를 규명하고, 측정변수 간의 영향관계에서 지각된 유용성의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 5G 서비스의 사용자를 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하여 실증분석을 위한 데이터를 수집하였다. 연구결과, 5G 서비스의 사용자 사회적인 요인에서 사회적 실재감, 주관적 규범이 사용자들의 사용의도를 높일 수 있는 적합한 변수임을 확인하였으며, 지각된 유용성의 매개효과도 있는 것으로 검증되었다. 본 연구는 실증분석을 통해 5G 서비스의 지속 가능하고 안전한 발전을 위한 시사점을 제시하였고, 향후 관련 연구의 방향에 대해서도 제시하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.721-733
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• 2020

Recently, there is an increasing demand for ultra-low-latency (ULL) services such as factory automation, autonomous driving, and telesurgery that must meet an end-to-end latency of less than 10 ms. Fifth-generation (5G) New Radio guarantees 0.5 ms one-way latency, so the feasibility of ULL services is higher than in previous mobile communications. However, this feasibility ensures performance at the radio access network level and requires an innovative 5G network architecture for end-to-end ULL across the entire 5G system. Hence, we survey in detailed two the 3rd Generation Partnership Party (3GPP) standardization activities to ensure low latency at network level. 3GPP standardizes mobile edge computing (MEC), a low-latency solution at the edge network, in Release 15/16 and is standardizing time-sensitive communication in Release 16/17 for interworking 5G systems and IEEE 802.1 time-sensitive networking (TSN), a next-generation industry technology for ensuring low/deterministic latency. We developed a 5G system based on 3GPP Release 15 to support MEC with a potential sub-10 ms end-to-end latency in the edge network. In the near future, to provide ULL services in the external network of a 5G system, we suggest a 5G-IEEE TSN interworking system based on 3GPP Release 16/17 that meets an end-to-end latency of 2 ms.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

The new 5G radio technology (NR) can provide ultra-reliable low latency communications. The supporting 5G network infrastructure will move away from the previous point-to-point network architecture to a service-based architecture. 5G can provide three new things, i.e., wider channels, lower latency and more bandwidth. These will allow 5G to support three main types of connected services, including enhanced mobile broadband, mission-critical communications, and the massive Internet of Things (IoT). In 2015, the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication was officially approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as IMT-2020. Since then, 3GPP, the international organization responsible for 5G standards, is actively developing specifications for 5G technologies. 3GPP Release 15 provides the first full set of 5G standards, and the evolution and expansion of 5G are now being standardized in Release 16 and 17, respectively. This paper provides an overview of 3GPP 5G technologies and key services.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2014

느타리버섯 병재배용 재료중 비트펄프를 대체하기 위해 열매탈과팜이삭(PEFB)를 6, 8 mm 형태의 펠렛으로 성형한 후 첨가비율을 달리하여 5개의 처리구로 나누어 느타리버섯을 재배한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 수한1호의 경우, T1 78.8 g, T2 90.6 g, T3 76.0 g, T4 88.6 g, T5 55.4 g으로 대조구인 T1보다 T2, T4처리구에서 수량이 많았다. 춘추계통의 김제5호의 경우, T1 111.6 g, T2 139.8 g, T3 133.47 g, T4 126.8 g, T5 136.2 g으로 T2, T5처리구에서 수량이 많았다. 위 시험결과를 종합해볼 때, 열매탈과팜이삭(PEFB)를 비트펄프로 대체하여 느타리버섯 재배에 이용이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2021년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.260-263
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• 2021

3GPP (3rd generation partnership project)는 5G 요구 조건을 충족시키기 위해 release 16 에서 FeMBMS (further evolved MBMS)를 LTE 기반 5G MBMS 로 개선하였다. 이어서, 현재 개발 중인 release 17 에서 NR 기반의 디지털 방송을 위한 NR MBS (multimedia broadcast services)가 논의되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 LTE (long term evolution) 기반 5G MBMS (fifth generation multimedia broadcast & multicast services)와 5G NR (fifth generation new radio)의 PBCH (physical broadcast channel) 에 대한 송수신기 구조를 설명하고, 성능을 평가한다. 본 논문에서는 가산 백색 가우시안 잡음(additive white Gaussian noise: AWGN) 및 고정 환경 하에서 LTE 기반 5G MBMS 와 5G NR 에 대한 PBCH 의 성능을 비교한다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2022

In this study, the dietary fiber content of 33 kinds of agricultural products and seaweeds was compared with that of raw products after heat treatment. To verify the total dietary fiber analysis method, the recovery rate was reviewed by measuring the total dietary fiber content for 4 standard certified substances. As a result, the recovery rate of the analysis value for the true value was 98.8%~103.1%, which was judged to be reliable. The total dietary fiber of vegetables ranged between 0.61~5.36 g/100 g for raw vegetables and 0.55~4.84 g/100 g for heat-treated vegetables. Among the 24 kinds of vegetables used in the analanalysis, the total dietary fiber content of heat-treated Korean radish (3.13 g/100 g) was the highest compared to that of raw radish (0.61 g/100 g). The total dietary fiber of beans was between 13.86~29.69 g/100 g for raw beans and 6.72~18.40 g/100 g for heat-treated beans. In particular, the total dietary fiber content of sword beans was the highest in both raw (29.69 g/100 g) and boiled (18.40 g/100 g) beans. The total dietary fiber content of the three types of seaweed was 1.93~4.85 g/100 g in raw seaweed and 0.99~5.72 g/100 g in heat-treated seaweed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2022

A total of 51 vegetables and fruits, commonly consumed agriculture products in Korea, were analyzed for their α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin contents as provitamin A. The beta-carotene content (㎍/100 g) was high in a few green leaf vegetables such as coriander (5,924.07), gegeol radish leaf (5.855.72), and curried mallow (5,138.01), while α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin contents were not detected. The β-carotene in 8 kinds of 20 general vegetables was detected in the range of 214.06~1,437.67 ㎍/100 g, while α-carotene was detected at 460.17 ㎍/100 g in only old pumpkin. The β-cryptoxanthin was detected in the range of 106.55~315.49 ㎍/100 g in Japanese elm, watermelon, white cucumber, and lettuce. However, carotenoids were not detected in 10 kinds of agricultural products including oriental melon, potato, etc. In fruits, the beta-carotene contents ranged from 165.72~3,997.39 ㎍/100 g, showing maximum value in apple mango and minimum value in persimmon. The β-cryptoxanthin was detected at 232.22 ㎍/100 g in only passion fruit, while the α-carotene was detected at 77.25 ㎍/100 g in only darae. Thus, based on the analyzed results of carotenoids of agriculture products consumed or cultivated in Korea, and it was found that green leaf vegetables comprise high beta-carotene overall.