• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2925-2929
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• 2013

Objective: To explore the relationships between primary tumor $^{18}F$-FDG uptake measured as the SUVmax and local extension, and nodal or distant organ metastasis in patients with NSCLC on pretreatment PET-CT. Methods: 93 patients with NSCLC who underwent $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT scans before the treatment were included in the study. Primary tumor SUVmax was calculated; clinical stages, presence of local extension, nodal and distant organ metastases were recorded. The patients with SUVmax${\geq}2.5$ were divided into low and high SUVmax groups by using the median SUVmax. The low SUVmax group consisted of 45 patients with SUVmax<10.5, the high SUVmax group consisted of 46 patients with SUVmax${\geq}10.5$. Their data were compared statistically. Results: 91 cases with SUVmax${\geq}2.5$ were included for analysis. The mean SUVmax in patients without any metastasis was $7.42{\pm}2.91$ and this was significantly lower than that ($12.18{\pm}4.94$) in patients with nodal and/or distant organ metastasis (P=0.000). In the low SUV group, 19 patients had local extension, 22 had nodal metastasis, and 9 had distant organ metastasis. In the high SUV group, 31 patients had local extension, 37 had nodal metastasis, and 18 had distant organ metastases. There was a significant difference in local extension (P =0.016), distant organ metastasis (P =0.046), and most significant difference in nodal metastasis rate (P =0.002) between the two groups. In addition, there was a moderate correlation between SUVmax and tumor size (r = 0.642, P<0.001), tumor stage (r = 0.546, P<0.001), node stage (r = 0.388, P<0.001), and overall stage (r = 0.445, P= 0.000). Conclusion: Higher primary tumor SUVmax predicts higher extensional or metastatic potential in patients with NSCLC. Patients with higher SUVmax may need a close follow-up and more reasonable individual treatment because of their higher extensional and metastatic potential.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2013

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of preoperative versus postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on locally advanced rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Medical data of 114 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with CRT preoperatively (54 patients) or postoperatively (60 patients) from June 2003 to April 2011 was analyzed retrospectively. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) or a precursor of 5-FU-based concurrent CRT (median, 50.4 Gy) and total mesorectal excision were conducted for all patients. The median follow-up duration was 43 months (range, 16 to 118 months). The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary end points were overall survival (OS), locoregional control, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate. Results: The 5-year DFS rate was 72.1% and 48.6% for the preoperative and postoperative CRT group, respectively (p = 0.05, the univariate analysis; p = 0.10, the multivariate analysis). The 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the groups (76.2% vs. 69.0%, p = 0.23). The 5-year locoregional control rate was 85.2% and 84.7% for the preoperative and postoperative CRT groups (p = 0.98). The sphincter preservation rate of low-lying tumor showed significant difference between both groups (58.1% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.02). Pathologic tumor and nodal down-classification occurred after the preoperative CRT (53.7% and 77.8%, both p < 0.001). Acute and chronic toxicities were not significantly different between both groups (p=0.10 and p = 0.62, respectively). Conclusion: The results confirm that preoperative CRT can be advantageous for improving down-classification rate and the sphincter preservation rate of low-lying tumor in rectal cancer.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2007

The present study investigated the anti-tumor activity of ethyl acetate extract of Acanthospermum hispidum DC against daltons ascites lymphoma in mice. The extract was prepared by cold maceration with ethyl acetate for 3 - 7 days and evaporated in vacuum to dry. (Yield : 14.2 g, 1.42% w/w). The extract was fractionated by column chromatography by using gradient elution technique and the diterpenes fraction isolated (0.649 g). Both extract and the fraction were administered as oral suspension with tween 20 in water to tumor bearing mice (DAL) and changes in dead cell count, histopathology of tumor cells, hematological parameters and median survival time (MST) were examined and compared with that of tumor control or 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicate that both ethyl acetate extract and fraction possess anti-tumor activity. The study suggests that Acanthospermum hispidum DC seems promising as a source of diterpenes for potential anti-tumor activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1865-1868
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• 2005

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 1996

The medicinal formula, Kilkyungtang (KKT) and two modified Kilkyungtangs (KKT-1 and KKT-2), which were supplemented by the additional crude drug, Houttuyniae herba (KKT-1), and Oldenlandiae diffusae herba (KKT-2) to KKT, had been applied widely as decoctions for the treatment of malignant tumors. Cytotoxic activities against two tumor cell lines, A549 and $B16-F_0$ were investigated. However, none of them were found to exhibit significant cytotoxicity upon tested tumor cells below the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/ml$. However, cytotoxic activities of three reputed antitumor agents, i.e., mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (CPT) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly potentiated by the combined treatment of them with KKT, KKT-1 and KKT-2 respectively, especially against A549 (human non small cell lung adenocarcinoma), in vitro.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1963-1969
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• 2017

In order to overcome the manufacturing difficulty of the transverse-flux permanent magnet linear motor (TFPMLM) and enhance its performance much better, a novel TFPMLM with E-core and 3 dimension (3D) magnetic structures is proposed in this paper. Firstly, its basic structure and operating principle are presented. Then the equivalent 2D configuration of the TFPMLM is transformed, so that the Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) mapping method can be used to analyze the motor. Furthermore, the air gap flux density distribution is solved by SC mapping method, based on which, the EMF waveform, no-load cogging force waveform and load force waveform are obtained. Finally, the prototyped TLPMLM is manufactured and the results are obtained from the experiment and 3D FEM, respectively, which are used to compare with those from SC mapping method.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.847-864
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• 2015

In this paper, a reaction-diffusion model of carbonation process in self-compacting concrete (SCC) was realized with a consideration of multi-field couplings. Various effects from environmental conditions, e.g. ambient temperature, relative humidity, carbonation reaction, were incorporated into a numerical simulation proposed by ANSYS. In addition, the carbonation process of SCC was experimentally investigated and compared with a conventionally vibrated concrete (CVC). It is found that SCC has a higher carbonation resistance than CVC with a comparable compressive strength. The numerical solution analysis agrees well with the test results, indicating that the proposed model is appropriate to calculate and predict the carbonation process in SCC. The parameters sensitivity analysis also shows that the carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient and moisture field are essentially crucial to the carbonation process in SCC.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.655-672
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• 2016

A predictive model for chloride binding isotherms of blended cements with various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) was established in this work. Totally 560 data points regarding the chloride binding isotherms of 106 various cements were collected from literature. The total amount of bound chloride for each mixture was expressed a combinational function of the predicted phase assemblage and binding isotherms of various hydrated phases. New quantitative expressions regarding the chloride binding isotherms of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), AFm, and hydrotalcite phases were provided. New insights about the roles of SCMs on binding capabilities of ordinary portland cements (OPC) were discussed. The proposed model was verified using separate data from different sources and was shown to be reasonably accurate.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.698-706
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• 2008

Performance improvement of Small hydro turbine is a very important subject to solve in the stage of introduction and development of the turbine. Cross-flow hydro turbine should be also studied more in detail for the turbine performance in order to extend the sites of application. In order to improve the turbine performance, the effect of the turbine shape on the turbine performance should be examined. Therefore, the effect of runner blade number on the turbine performance is investigated by use of a commercial CFD code. The results show that runner blade number gives remarkable effect on the efficiency and output power of the turbine. Pressure on the surface of the runner blade changes considerably by the blade number at Stage 1, but relatively small change of velocity distribution occurs in the flow passage.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.841-849
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• 2009

Let {$X_n$, n ${\ge}$ 1} be a negatively associated sequence of identically distributed random variables with mean zeros and positive finite variances. Set $S_n$ = ${\Sigma}^n_{i=1}\;X_i$. Suppose that 0 < ${\sigma}^2=EX^2_1+2{\Sigma}^{\infty}_{i=2}\;Cov(X_1,\;X_i)$ < ${\infty}$. We prove that, if $EX^2_1(log^+{\mid}X_1{\mid})^{\delta}$ < ${\infty}$ for any 0< ${\delta}{\le}1$, then $\lim_{{\epsilon}\downarrow0}{\epsilon}^{2{\delta}}\sum_{{n=2}}^{\infty}\frac{(logn)^{\delta-1}}{n^2}ES^2_nI({\mid}S_n{\mid}\geq{\epsilon}{\sigma}\sqrt{nlogn}=\frac{E{\mid}N{\mid}^{2\delta+2}}{\delta}$, where N is the standard normal random variable. We also prove that if $S_n$ is replaced by $M_n=max_{1{\le}k{\le}n}{\mid}S_k{\mid}$ then the precise rate still holds. Some results in Fu and Zhang (2007) are improved to the complete moment case.