• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2015

Insects are heterotherms that exhibit a close relationship between their ecology (especially temperature changes) and physiology. In the present study, selected genes associated with cell death and temperature were examined to determine gene expression in Bombyx mori in high and low temperature environments. We determined the amount of dsRNA, different concentrations of dsRNA, and different type of cells to set the conditions most efficient for RNAi. We then prepared dsRNA transcripts of the genes associated with cell death and temperature response. We analyzed cell damage via Trypan blue staining and found that cell viability was reduced after knockdown of these genes. The special transduced cell lines produced in the present study can be applied in various research fields. We also expect that these cell lines can be used as a research tool for the precise functional analysis of various genes.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.480-482
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• 2009

A 2-year-old, castrated male, Scottish fold cat was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University (VMTH-SNU) for evaluation of acute bilateral blindness after general anesthesia. For dental prophylaxis in local animal hospital, general anesthesia had been induced with intravenous acepromazine and ketamine, and maintained with isoflurane after intubation. At VMTH-SNU on next day, complete blood count, electrolytes and serum chemistry values were within normal ranges. On neurologic examination, visual placing and postural reactions like as hopping, hemiwalking and wheelborrowing were reduced on right hindlimb. On ophthalmic examination, menace responses were absent on both eyes and pupillary light reflex (PLR) reduced on right eye, but other reflex and fundus were normal. Prednisolone (2 mg/kg sid for 3 days) was administrated orally and tapered. Visual placing was possible on 2nd day, and postural reactions were recovered on 4th day after dental prophylaxis. Based on the process and recovery, this case was considered as postoperative visual loss (POVL) after general anesthesia.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2011

Because interventional procedure operates looking at premier as real time when perate intervention enemy, by patient is revealed during suitableness time in radiation, side effect such as radiation injury of skin is apt to happen. It established by purpose of study that measure exposure dose that patient receives about these problem, and find solution for radiation injury and repletion method. In this study, we used Rando phantom of identical structure with the human body which becomes accomplished with 4 branch ingredient of the attempt and system equivalent material them and absorbed dose were measured by TLD. According to the laboratory, it shows that operations such as TFCA procedure or uterine myoma embolization are more dangerous than TACE procedure. If both operations are inspected during a short time, it is not affected in being bombed. However, it can lead to palliative agenesis or depilate, definitive agenesis only if operations are repeated more than three times. Dose distibution based on experiment, to reduce radiation exposure to patients result from reduction of scatter ray as we control field size of radiation and protection of side organs except for tumor. also we knew that we can protect patients form radiation exposure, if we increas SOD and decrease SID.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2143-2145
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• 2003

In the linear system identification using the discrete time constant coefficients, there is a subspace method based on 4SID recently much suggested instead of the parametric method like as the maximum likelihood method. The subspace method is not related with the impulse response and difference equation in its input-output equation, but with the system matrix of the direct state space model from the input-output data. The subspace method is a very useful tool to adopt in the multivariable system identification, but it has a shortage unable to adopt in the closed-loop system identification. In this paper, we are suggested the methods to get rid of the shortage of the subspace method in the closed-loop system identification. The subspace method is used in the estimate of the output prediction values from the estimating of the state space vector. And we have compared the results with the outputs of the recursive least square method in the numerical simulation.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 옥수수와 대두박 배합사료에서의 직접법 또는 간접법으로 구한 조단백질 소화율을 비교하는 것과 조단백질 소화율의 가산성을 평가하는 것이다. 총 525수의 18일령 육계를 공시하여 체중을 기준으로 7개의 그룹으로 나눈 후, 6개의 처리구를 각 그룹에 난괴법으로 배치하였다. 기초사료(사료3)는 옥수수 65%와 대두박 28%를 포함하게 배합하였고, 사료1과 사료5는 옥수수와 대두박을 유일한 단백질의 공급원으로 하는 원료가 되게 배합하였다. 차이법을 사용하기 위하여 사료2와 사료4를 사료1과 사료5로부터 기초사료(사료3)를 옥수수와 대두박의 일부와 각각 대치시켜 배합하였다. 사료2는 옥수수 79%와 대두박 14%가 되게 배합하였고, 사료4는 옥수수 32.5%와 대두박 34%가 되도록 배합하였다. 가산성을 평가하기 위해, 사료2~4에서 측정한 값을 사료1과 사료5를 이용해 구한 옥수수와 대두박의 조단백질 소화율을 이용하여 계산한 예측값과 비교하였다. 직접법과 간접법으로 구한 소화율 값은 옥수수에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 대두박에서는 직접법과 간접법 간의 유의한 차이를 보여주었다. 추가적으로 사료2와 사료3에서는 외관상 회장 소화율과 표준 회장 소화율 간에 유의적 차이를 보여 소화율의 가산성이 부족함을 보인 반면, 대두박의 조단백질 함량이 옥수수에 비해 더 높아 기초 내생 조단백질의 영향을 덜 받아서, 사료4의 외관상 및 표준 회장 조단백질 소화율 간의 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았고, 소화율의 가산성을 만족함을 보여주었다. 본 실험을 통해 원료사료의 단백질 함량에 따른 소화율 값의 차이가 소화율 측정방법에 따라 다름을 확인되었으며, 이러한 결과는 육계 사료배합의 정밀성을 높이는데 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.889-913
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• 2015

Structural vibration characteristics of a semi-active base-isolated building were investigated using seismic observation records including those of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake (Tohoku earthquake). Three different types of analyses were conducted. First, we investigated the long-term changes in the natural frequencies and damping factors by using an ARX model and confirmed that the natural frequency of the superstructure decreased slightly after the main shock of the Tohoku earthquake. Second, we investigated short-term changes in the natural frequencies and damping factors during the main shock by using the N4SID method and observed different transition characteristics between the first and second modes. In the second mode, in which the superstructure response is most significant, the natural frequency changed depending on the response amplitude. In addition, at the beginning of the ground motion, the identified first natural frequency was high possibly as a result of sliding friction. Third, we compared the natural frequencies and damping factors between the conditions of a properly functional semi-active control system and a nonfunctional system, by using the records of the aftershocks of the Tohoku earthquake. However, we could not detect major differences because the response was probably influenced by sliding friction, which had a more significant effect on damping characteristics than did the semi-active dampers.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2018

In this paper, a novel simple shear deformation theory for buckling analysis of single layer graphene sheet is formulated using the nonlocal differential constitutive relations of Eringen. The present theory involves only three unknown and three governing equation as in the classical plate theory, but it is capable of accurately capturing shear deformation effects, instead of five as in the well-known first shear deformation theory (FSDT) and higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). A shear correction factor is, therefore, not required. Nonlocal elasticity theory is employed to investigate effects of small scale on buckling of the rectangular nano-plate. The equations of motion of the nonlocal theories are derived and solved via Navier's procedure for all edges simply supported boundary conditions. The results are verified with the known results in the literature. The influences played by Effects of nonlocal parameter, length, thickness of the graphene sheets and shear deformation effect on the critical buckling load are studied. Verification studies show that the proposed theory is not only accurate and simple in solving the buckling nanoplates, but also comparable with the other higher-order shear deformation theories which contain more number of unknowns.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1063-1081
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• 2015

In this paper, a new nonlocal hyperbolic refined plate model is presented for free vibration properties of functionally graded (FG) plates. This nonlocal nano-plate model incorporates the length scale parameter which can capture the small scale effect. The displacement field of the present theory is chosen based on a hyperbolic variation in the in-plane displacements through the thickness of the nano-plate. By dividing the transverse displacement into the bending and shear parts, the number of unknowns and equations of motion of the present theory is reduced, significantly facilitating structural analysis. The material properties are assumed to vary only in the thickness direction and the effective properties for the FG nano-plate are computed using Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme. The governing equations of motion are derived based on the nonlocal differential constitutive relations of Eringen in conjunction with the refined four variable plate theory via Hamilton's principle. Analytical solution for the simply supported FG nano-plates is obtained to verify the theory by comparing its results with other available solutions in the open literature. The effects of nonlocal parameter, the plate thickness, the plate aspect ratio, and various material compositions on the dynamic response of the FG nano-plate are discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.391-402
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• 2017

In this paper, a new nonlocal trigonometric shear deformation theory is proposed for thermal buckling response of nanosize functionally graded (FG) nano-plates resting on two-parameter elastic foundation under various types of thermal environments. This theory uses for the first time, undetermined integral variables and it contains only four unknowns, that is even less than the first shear deformation theory (FSDT). It is considered that the FG nano-plate is exposed to uniform, linear and sinusoidal temperature rises. Mori-Tanaka model is utilized to define the gradually variation of material properties along the plate thickness. Nonlocal elasticity theory of Eringen is employed to capture the size influences. Through the stationary potential energy the governing equations are derived for a refined nonlocal four-variable shear deformation plate theory and then solved analytically. A variety of examples is proposed to demonstrate the importance of elastic foundation parameters, various temperature fields, nonlocality, material composition, aspect and side-to-thickness ratios on critical stability temperatures of FG nano-plate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2223-2227
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Iranian women. Since development of the disease in Iranian women occurs relatively early, the survival rate matters considerably. In different countries, survival of breast cancer patients varies considerably. Therefore, the one-year, three-year, five-year, and ten-year survival rates for breast cancer in Iran were assessed using a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on valid Iranian sources including SID, MAGIRAN and IRANMEDEX, along with reliable English databases, namely, PUBMED and SCOPUS. In domestic databases, a search was conducted based on key words of breast cancer and survival rate, and in international databases, with "breast cancer" and the equivalent of "neoplasm" of Mesh Word, "survival rate" and "Iran." Then all reviewed papers and theses which met the inclusion criteria were selected for investigation. To conduct the analysis STATA 11.2 software and random-effects models were used. Results: In 24 studies, 22,745 participants were included. The one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year survival rates were 0.956, 0.808, 0.695 and 0.559, respectively. The minimum and maximum survival rates for 5-years were 0.48 and 0.87. The average age of the onset of the disease was 48.3. Conclusions: As in Iran, since the onset of the disease is at low age, in spite of the relatively high survival rate as compared to other cancers, prevention and screening programs at early age for early stage diagnosis seems necessary.