• Title/Summary/Keyword: 4-chlorophenol

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Overexpression and Purification of Monooxygenases Cloned from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 for Enzymatic Decomposition of 4-Chlorophenol (4-Chlorophenol 분해박테리아 Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6로부터의 monooxygenase의 복제 및 대량발현과 정제 그리고 기질분해활성도 분석)

  • Ryu, Song-Jung;Kang, Christina S.;Kim, Han S.
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.47-55
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    • 2014
  • Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 possesses several monooxygenases (CphC-I, CphC-II, and CphB) that can catalyze the transformation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) to hydroxylated intermediates in the initial steps of substrate metabolism. The corresponding genes of the monooxygenases were cloned, and the competent cells were transformed with these recombinant plasmids. Although CphC-II and CphB were expressed as insoluble forms, CphC-I was successfully expressed as a soluble form and isolated by purification. The specific activity of the purified CphC-I was analyzed by using 4-CP, 4-chlorocatechol (4-CC), and catechol (CAT) as substrates. The specific activities for 4-CP, 4-CC, and CAT were determined to be 0.312 U/mg, 0.462 U/mg, 0.246 U/mg, respectively. The results of this study indicated that CphC-I is able to catalyze the degradation of 4-CC and CAT in addition to 4-CP, which is a primary substrate. This research is expected to provide the fundamental information for the development of an eco-friendly biochemical degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons.

The Photocatalytic Decompositions of 2-Chlorophenol on the Sn-impregnated Titania Nanoparticles and Nanotube (Sn 함침-티타니아 나노입자와 나노튜브에 놓인 2-Chlorophenol 광 분해 성능)

  • Kim, Hyun Soo;Lee, Gayoung;Park, Sun-Min;Kang, Misook
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.461-468
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    • 2012
  • This study focuses on the difference of photocatalytic activity depending on crystal structure type of nanoparticles ($TiO_2$) and nanotubes (TNT). The photodecomposition of 2-chlorophenol on the synthesized $TiO_2$, Sn-impregnated $TiO_2$, TNT, and Snimpregnated TNT were evaluated. The characteristics of the synthesized photocatalyts, TNT, Sn/TNT, $TiO_2$, and Sn/$TiO_2$ were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and cyclic voltammeter (CV). The water-suspended 2-chlorophenol photodegradation over $TiO_2$ (anatase structure) catalyst was better than that over pure TNT. Particularly, the water-suspended 2-chlorophenol of 10 ppm was perfectly decomposed within 4 h over Sn/$TiO_2$ photocatalyst.

Two Different Pathways (a Chlorocatechol and a Hydroquinone Pathway) for the 4-Chlorophenol Degradation in Two Isolated Bacterial Strains

  • Bae, Hee-Sung;Rhee, Sung-Keun;Cho, Young-Gyun;Hong, Jong-Ki;Lee, Sung-Taik
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.237-241
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    • 1997
  • Two isolated strains, Comamonas testosteroni CPW301 and Arthrobacter ureafaciens CPR706, were able to use 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) as a sole carbon and energy source. CPW301 was found to degrade 4-CP via a meta-cleavage pathway in which the chloro-substituent was eliminated even when 4-chlorocatechol was cleaved by the catechol 2, 3-dioxygenase. In contrast, CPR706 removed chloride from 4-CP prior to the ring-fission reaction, producing hydroquinone as a transient intermediate during 4-CP degradation. CPR706 exhibited much higher tolerance for 4-CP than CPW301, which was indicated by the maximum degradable concentration and degradation rate.

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Identification of Yarrowia lipolytica Y103 and Its Degradability of Phenol and 4-Chlorophenol

  • Lee, Jeong-Soon;Kang, Eun-Jeong;Kim, Min-Ok;Lee, Dong-Hun;Bae, Kyung-Sook;Kim, Chi-Kyung
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.112-117
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    • 2001
  • A nonconventional yeast strain Y103 capable of degrading several aromatic hydrocarbons was isolated from the wastewater of the Yocheon industrial complex. The strain Y103 was identified as Yarrowia lipolytica on the basis of its unique dimorphic and biochemical characteristics as determined by a Biolog test. Y. lipolytica Y103 was found to degrade phenol and 4-chlorophenol to produce catechol. The catechol then will be further degraded to produce 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde via meta-cleavage. These results indicate that strain Y103 degrades 4-chlorophenol, phenol, and catechol through a consecutive reaction to produce 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. The most active degradation of phenol by Y. lipolytica Y103 occurred with a 0.5 mM phenl concentration in an MM2 medium at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0.

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Application of Ultrasounds for the Removal of Chlorobenzene and Chlorinated Phenols in Water (Chlorobenzene 및 Chlorinated Phenol류의 분해에 미치는 초음파의 응용)

  • 우영억;황규탁
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2000
  • Aqueous solutions of chlorobenzene and chlorinated phenols were exposed to 200kHz ultrasound with a power of $6.0W/\textrm{cm}^2$ per unit volume on sonochemical reactor under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. The concentration of chlorobenzene and chlorinated phenols decreased with ultrasound, indicating first-order kinetics. Degradation rate constants are calculated from the slope of plots. The order of the rate constants is as follows : 2-chlorphenol(2-CP)$\leq$ 4-chlorophenol(4-CP)<3-chlorophenol(3-CP)$5.63~9.96({\times}10^{-2})min^{-1}$ under argon. The degradation was suppressed by the addition of t-BuOH and the suppressed yield was agreed with their reactivity for hydroxy radical. The main products of these systems were formic acid, acetic acid, small amount of methane and inorganic carbon forms as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide in sonolysis of chlorinated phenols, and also these results agreed with change of TOC.

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A kinetic study of 4-chlorophenol biodegradation by the novel isolated Bacillus subtilis in batch shake flask

  • Sandhibigraha, Sudhansu;Chakraborty, Sagnik;Bandyopadhyay, Tarunkanti;Bhunia, Biswanath
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.62-70
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    • 2020
  • Here in this work, a 4-chlorophenol (4-CP)-degrading bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) MF447840.1 was isolated from the drain outside the Hyundai car service center, Agartala, Tripura, India. 16S rDNA technique used carried out for genomic recognition of the bacterial species. Isolated bacterial strain was phylogenetically related with B. subtilis. This strain was capable of breaking down both phenol and 4-CP at the concentration of 1,000 mg/L. Also, the isolated strain can able to metabolize five diverse aromatic molecules such as 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and pentachlorophenol for their growth. An extensive investigation was performed to portray the kinetics of cell growth along with 4-CP degradation in the batch study utilizing 4-CP as substrate. Various unstructured models were applied to evaluate the intrinsic kinetic factors. Levenspiel's model demonstrates a comparatively enhanced R2 value (0.997) amongst every analyzed model. The data of specific growth rate (μ), saturation constant (KS), and YX/S were 0.11 h-1, 39.88 mg/L, along with 0.53 g/g, correspondingly. The isolated strain degrades 1,000 mg/L of 4-CP within 40 h. Therefore, B. subtilis MF447840.1 was considered a potential candidate for 4-CP degradation.

2-Chlorophenol에 오염된 토양을 현장에서 처리하기 위한 Ozone-Venting 공정

  • 김정선;하현정;김현승;김일규
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.322-325
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    • 2003
  • The feasibility of treating 2-chlorophenol (2CP) contaminated soils with ozone venting was investigated in this research. Adding ozone to the existing air-venting process provides an alternative to achieve a complete in-situ treatment by oxidizing the contaminant in the process. A column study with artificial soil was used to simulate the venting process. Ozone concentrations at 2.4, 7.6 and 19.4 mg/L, and flow rates at 100 and 150 mL/min were used. The reaction times were 10, 20, 50, and 60 minutes. Blank samples using air venting were also run for comparison. It is obvious that ozone-venting had a much faster removal rate than air-venting. As higher concentration of ozone is applied, the reaction rate increased significantly. As higher concentration was applied, the flux of ozone to the liquid film increased. This also increased the removal rate of 2CP and therefore the breakthrough curve came out earlier.

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PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF 2-CHLOROPHENOL USING TiO₂THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION AND ION BEAM SPUTTERING METHOD

  • Jung, Oh-Jin;Kim, Sam-Hyeok;Jo, Ji-Eun;Hwang, Chul-Ho
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.227-237
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    • 2002
  • Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), ion beam sputtering (IBS) and sol-gel method were used to prepare TiO$_2$ thin films for degradation of hazardous organic compounds exemplified by 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). The influence of supporting materials and coating methods on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO$_2$ thin films were also studied. TiO$_2$ thin films were coated onto various supporting materials including steel cloth (SS), copper cloth, quartz glass tube (QGT), and silica gel (SG). Results indicate that SS (37 μm)- TiO$_2$ thin film prepared by IBS method improves the photodegradation of 2-CP. Among all supporting materials studied, SS(37 μm) is found to be the best support.

Degradation of Chlorophenols and Phenol Mixtures by Cooperative Activities of Chlorophenol-degrading Strains

  • Bae, Hee-Sung;Cho, Young-Gyun;Lee, Sung-Taik
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 1997
  • Three strains capable of degrading a chlorophenol were isolated by selective enrichment from soils contaminated with industrial wastewater. A Pseudomonas solanacearum TCP114 could use 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) as sole carbon and energy source, while two strains of Pseudomonas testosteroni CPW301 and Arthrobacter ureafaciens CPR706 could use 4-CP. All isolates also grew well on phenol. The degradation of one component by a pure strain was strongly affected by the presence of other compounds in the medium, CPW301 and CPR706 entirely lost the ability to degrade 4-CP and phenol in the presence of TCP. TCP114 also lost the ability to degrade phenol when 4-CP was added to the culture medium. These restrictions on the degradability could be overcome by employing defined mixed cultures (TCP114 and one strain of 4-CP degrading strains). All three components were successfully degraded by defined mixed cultures through their cooperative activities. It was also demonstrated that defined mixed cultures could be immobilized by using calcium alginate for the semi-continuous degradation of the three component mixture. Immobilization could not only accelerate the degradation rate, but also allowed the reuse of the cell mass several times without loss of the cells' degrading capabilities.

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Electrochemical Degradation of Phenol and 2-Chlorophenol Using Pt/Ti and Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes

  • Yoon, Jang-Hee;Shim, Yoon-Bo;Lee, Byoung-Seob;Choi, Se-Yong;Won, Mi-Sook
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.33 no.7
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    • pp.2274-2278
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    • 2012
  • To test the efficiency of the BDD electrode for complete mineralization of organic wastewater, phenol and 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) were treated electrochemically with both an active Pt/Ti electrode and a nonactive boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode, respectively, in neutral aqueous medium. Aqueous solutions of both phenol and 2-chlorophenol were treated electrochemically using an in-house fabricated flow through electrochemical cell (FTEC). The experimental variables included current input, treatment time, and the flow rate of the solutions. Depending on the magnitude of the applied current and reaction time, the compounds were either completely degraded or partially oxidized to other intermediates. Removal efficiencies reached as high as 93.2% and 94.8% both at the Pt/Ti electrode and BDD electrode, respectively, at an applied current of 200 mA for a 3.0 hr reaction and a flow rate of 4 mL/min. The BDD electrode was much more efficient for the complete mineralization of phenol and 2-chlorophenol than the Pt/Ti electrode.