• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2223-2227
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Iranian women. Since development of the disease in Iranian women occurs relatively early, the survival rate matters considerably. In different countries, survival of breast cancer patients varies considerably. Therefore, the one-year, three-year, five-year, and ten-year survival rates for breast cancer in Iran were assessed using a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on valid Iranian sources including SID, MAGIRAN and IRANMEDEX, along with reliable English databases, namely, PUBMED and SCOPUS. In domestic databases, a search was conducted based on key words of breast cancer and survival rate, and in international databases, with "breast cancer" and the equivalent of "neoplasm" of Mesh Word, "survival rate" and "Iran." Then all reviewed papers and theses which met the inclusion criteria were selected for investigation. To conduct the analysis STATA 11.2 software and random-effects models were used. Results: In 24 studies, 22,745 participants were included. The one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year survival rates were 0.956, 0.808, 0.695 and 0.559, respectively. The minimum and maximum survival rates for 5-years were 0.48 and 0.87. The average age of the onset of the disease was 48.3. Conclusions: As in Iran, since the onset of the disease is at low age, in spite of the relatively high survival rate as compared to other cancers, prevention and screening programs at early age for early stage diagnosis seems necessary.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.314-320
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 2단으로 구성된 달착륙선 충격 흡수 장치에 대한 최적화를 수행하였다. 충격 흡수 장치의 복잡한 충격거동을 모사하기 위해 1차원 구성방정식 모델을 제안하였으며, 이와 함께 상용해석 소프트웨어인 ABAQUS를 활용하여 최적화를 위한 2차 다항회귀 메타모델을 구성하였다. 구성된 메타모델을 순차적 근사 최적설계 기법에 적용하여 2단 충격 흡수 장치의 최적화를 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 허니컴 구조를 이용한 충격 흡수장치의 셀크기와 포일 두께를 변화시킴에 따라 달착륙선의 월면 착륙 시 충격하중을 크게 저감시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2005

항공 설계분야에 있어서 최적설계는 방법론적인 요소와 방법론을 수행하는 소프트웨어인 설계프레임워크가 연구되어 왔다. 이러한 설계프레임워크는 효율적인 시스템으로 인식되어 많은 산업체 문제를 해결하여 왔지만 실제 산업체문제의 복잡성은 단일 최적화수준에서 다분야에 걸친 복잡한 비정형화된 최적설계 문제의 해결을 요구하고 있으므로 한계성을 지니고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 복잡한 설계문제인 다분야통합최적설계문제를 위해서 유연성이 높은 새로운 설계문제 모델링 기반의 설계 프레임워크를 제안 하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 설계문제 모델링 방법은 기존의 설계프레임워크들이 절차적으로 생성하는 스크립트 기반의 모델링 기법이 아닌 설계문제 도메인의 형태에 맞추어 최적화문제를 정의하는 시스템이다. 또한 시스템의 구조는 클라이언트 서버 구조가 아닌 P2P 구조의 시스템으로 개발되었으며 헬기 설계문제와 인공심장 문제를 적용하여 개발된 시스템의 유연성과 효율성을 보였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.399-412
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• 2020

본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 수행된 스마트폰 중독 중재들의 효과를 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 선정기준에는 대학생, 스마트폰 중독 중재, 스마트폰 중독, 우울, 불안, 자기 통제, 스마트폰 사용시간 등이 포함되었다. 총 915개의 논문이 추출되었고, 최종적으로 13개의 논문에서 15개의 중재연구가 평가되었다. 본 연구결과, 스마트폰 중독 중재는 스마트폰 중독(d = -1.57, 95 % CI : -2.84, -0.30), 우울(d = -3.73, 95 % CI : -4.97, -2.48) 및 자기통제(d= 7.28, 95 % CI : 2.76, 11.79)에서 큰 효과크기를 보였다. 그러나 불안과 스마트폰 사용 시간에 대해서는 통계적으로 유의한 효과가 없었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 스마트폰 중독 중재는 스마트폰 중독 완화를 위해 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 추후 대상자의 문화적 특성 등을 고려한 잘 설계된 무작위대조군실험연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

Background: An excessive pronated foot is defined as a flattening or complete loss of the medial longitudinal arch. Excessive foot pronation is considered to have high risk factors of overuse injuries in the lower limb. Various treatments have been investigated in attempts to control excessive pronation. Objects: This meta-analysis identifies the effects of an anti-pronation taping technique using different materials. Methods: The electronic databases used include MEDLINE, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Science Direct, the Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), the Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), the Korea National Library, and the Korean Medical Database (studies published up to July 31, 2019). The database search used the following keywords: "foot drop" OR "foot arch" OR "foot pronation" OR "flat foot (pes planus)" AND "taping" OR "support." Eight eligible studies were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of anti-pronation taping in study and control groups. Results: The overall random effect size (Hedges'g) of the anti-pronation taping technique was 0.147 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -.214 to .509). When the effect (Hedges' g) was compared by the type of tape material, rigid tape (RT; Lowdye taping) was .213 (95% CI: -.278 to .704) and kinesiotape (KT; arch support taping) was -.014 (95% CI: -.270 to .242). Based on this meta-analysis, it was not possible to identify the extent to which anti-pronation taping was effective in preventing navicular drop, improving balance, or changing foot pressure. Only three of the eight eligible studies applied KT on excessive pronated feet, and the outcome measure areas were different to those of the RT studies. The KT studies used EMG data, overall foot posture index (FPI) scores, and rear foot FPI scores. In contrast, the RT studies measured navicular heights, various foot angles, and foot pressure. Conclusion: This review could not find any conclusive evidence about the effectiveness of any taping method for patients with pronated feet. Future studies are needed to develop the anti-pronation taping technique based on the clinical scientific evidence.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.605-621
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of Hwangryunhaedok-tang for type 2 diabetes without complications by systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: We searched the following up to March 31. 2021: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CiNii, KISS, KMBASE, OASIS, ScienceON. Data extraction and assessment of Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) tool were performed by two independent authors, and if there was disagreement between two researchers, it was resolved through the intervention of a third researcher. Results: A total of seven trials are included in this systemic review. The treatment group (Hwangryunhaedok-tang plus conventional treatment) showed more statistically significant effects than did the control group (conventional treatment only) in fasting plasma glucose level, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose level, glycated hemoglobin A1c, fasting insulin level, and HOMA-IR. There was no significant difference between the treatment group (Hwangryunhaedok-tang alone) and the control group (metformin alone). Conclusion: Hwangryunhaedok-tang might have efficacy and safety in controlling blood sugar level and improving insulin-resistance. However, the number of studies included in the meta-analysis was insufficient, and the Hwangryunhaedok-tang used in the included studies was not standardized. Also, the quality of the involved studies was generally low. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of Hwangryunhaedok-tang treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.473-484
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• 2018

Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) development. Other studies, however, have reported a protective role of HT against PTC progression. Through this updated meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the effects of HT on the progression of PTC. Methods: We searched citation databases, including PubMed and Embase, for relevant studies from inception to September 2017. From these studies, we calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) of clinicopathologic features and the relative risk (RR) of PTC recurrence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Mantel-Haenszel method. Additionally, the Higgins $I^2$ statistic was used to test for heterogeneity. Results: The meta-analysis included 71 published studies with 44,034 participants, among whom 11,132 had HT. We observed negative associations between PTC with comorbid HT and extrathyroidal extension (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.81), lymph node metastasis (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.94), distant metastasis (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.76), and recurrence (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.61). Conclusion: In this meta-analysis, PTC patients with HT appeared to exhibit more favorable clinicopathologic characteristics and a better prognosis than those without HT.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2019

이 연구는 문제중심학습(PBL)이 문제해결능력에 미치는 효과에 대한 일반화된 결론을 도출하고, 이와 관련된 조절변인을 발견하는 데 목적이 있었다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 국내에서 1998년부터 2017년까지 발행된 석사학위 논문과 국내 학술지 논문 41편을 분석하고, 41개의 개별 효과 크기를 산출하였다. PBL이 문제해결능력에 미치는 평균 효과 크기는 .753이었으며, 이것은 PBL이 문제해결능력에 유의미한 교수-학습 방법이라는 것을 의미한다. 한편 문제해결능력에 영향을 미치는 조절변인은 교과, 유형, 학교급이었다. PBL의 문제해결능력 효과는 수학(d=.922), 예술(d=.916), 실과(d=.827), E-PBL(d=.791), 중학교(d=.972)에서 더 높았다. 교사들은 학생들의 문제해결능력 신장을 위하여, PBL 학습 환경을 유의미하게 조성할 필요가 있었다. PBL이 4차 산업혁명 시대의 학습 환경 변화에 따른 학생들의 고차원적인 문제해결능력을 신장하는 교수-학습방법으로 활용되기를 기대된다.

• BLOOD RESEARCH
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2018

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as the dilation of a segment of a coronary vessel to at least 1.5 times the diameter of its normal adjacent segment. Mean platelet volume (MPV) plays a role in acute coronary syndromes, with high MPV correlating to poor prognosis for acute thrombotic events and CAE. Several studies investigated the relationship between MPV and CAE, resulting in conflicting results. These results led us to systematically review all studies investigating the relationship between MPV and ectatic heart diseases by performing a meta-analysis study in order to report a unified result. This meta-analysis study investigated all case-control articles examining the relationship between MPV and CAE. All studies in the following databases published until January 31, 2018, were investigated: Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Following a quality control evaluation, 14 articles, all of which were published following studies performed in Turkey from 2007 to 2016, met the criteria for study inclusion. After pooling the results from all of the articles, a total standardized mean difference (SMD) value of 0.584 (95% CI, 0.219, 0.95) was obtained using the D+L pooled SMD, indicating a significant difference (P=0.002) between the two groups, with higher MPV values in ectatic patients when comparing to healthy individuals. Therefore, increased MPV levels were significantly related to CAE, suggesting that platelets, with their inflammatory and thrombotic activities, play a role in this disease. Therefore, anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory therapies may be effective in treating CAE.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.443-455
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내 간호단위 관리자의 변혁적 리더십 선행요인들에 대한 메타분석을 실시하여 이들 변인들의 관계를 통합하여 제시하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구는 PRISMA 지침에 따라 국내·외 데이터베이스를 통해 문헌을 수집하였으며, 최종적으로 선정된 23편의 문헌에 대한 변혁적 리더십과 선행요인간의 상관관계 효과크기를 산출하였다. 연구결과 23편 연구의 전체 효과크기는 ESzr=.54로 큰 효과크기였다. 변혁적 리더십 선행요인들을 개인·심리군, 직무관련 변인군, 조직관련 변인군의 세 개의 범주로 분류하였으며, 그 중 조직관련 변인군의 효과크기가 ESzr=.56으로 가장 큰 효과 크기를 나타냈다. 본 연구는 변혁적 리더십을 발휘하기 위해 선행되는 요인들에 대한 효과크기를 메타분석을 통해 검증하였으며, 본 연구의 결과는 간호 관리자의 변혁적 리더십 향상을 위한 중재 프로그램 개발 시 근거가 되는 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.