• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.720-732
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• 2006

This study investigates the possibility in establishing the wine theme village in Youngwol area, and grape production and wine industry in world and Korea. Wine import market formed since 1988 in Korea. Because Korean wine production will be finished in 2011, Korean farmers need the strategy against foreign grape and wine importers. That is to establish the wine theme village, one of green tourism. Many pensions and raftsmen are concentrated along the Donggang river, where Geowoun-ri of Youngwol area is located. Possibility in establishing the wine theme village in Geowoun-ri is depend on the attractive program that people enjoy in Youngwol are. The programs have to consist in the regional image.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.359-367
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• 2023

Grapes are one of the most important fruit trees both domestically and globally. Recently, changes in plant phenology and frequent low temperatures due to climate change are increasing the possibility of damage to grape shoots in spring, which is a serious threat to grape production. This study was conducted to investigated the severity of shoots damage and the change of free sugar content in the plant organs by phenological stage, especially, from germination to leafing period. Furthermore, in order to compare the cold hardiness among grape varieties including 'Campbell Early', 'Kyoho' and 'Shine Muscat' widely grown in Korea, lethal temperature (LT₅₀) and free sugar content by grape variety were analyzed. Shoot damage by low temperatures continued to increase as the phenological stage progressed gradually, from the bud burst to the fourth leafing stage. On the other hand, the free sugar content of each organ except leaves continued to decrease, showing pattern to similar to cold hardiness. This indicates a close relationship between free sugar content and cold hardiness. In terms of cold hardiness comparison among grape varieties, 'Shine Muscat' showed the highest cold resistance in the leafing stage with the lowest LT₅₀ and the highest total free sugar content. Next was 'Kyoho' and 'Campbell Early'. There are clear differences in cold hardiness depending on the variety. However, it is not the same at all growth stage. It may change according to phenological stage and influenced by free sugar content at that time.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권3호통권99호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2002

The seasonal variations of nitrifying bacterial population sampled from 3 sites in Moon-Chon reservoir were analyzed by in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes from August 2000 until July 2001. In addition, physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, chi-a and DOC were measured to determine correlations between those factors and the size of nitrifying bacterial populations. Total bacterial numbers varied in the range of $0.8{\sim}1.5{\times}10^6\;cells/ml$ independent of sites and had the maximal values in March at all 3 stations. The ratio of eubacteria to total bacteria ranged from 44.9% to 79.5%, and the ratio of each nitrifying bacteria to eubacterial numbers reached only $1.0{\sim}7.4%$. The variations of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ranged from $1.1{\times}10^4$ to $3.0{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$ without noticeable peak values whereas those of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria varied in $1.3{\sim}5.7{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$ with the increasing tendency in winter regardless of the sites. Moreover it was observed that the numbers of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were higher than those of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Total bacterial numbers correlated with water temperature (r = 0.355, p<0.05) and DOC (r = 0.58G, p<0.01) positively whereas nitrite-oxidizing bacteria correlated with temperature (r = -0.416, p<0.05) and pH (r = -0.568, p = 0.001) negatively. In addition, DOC represented good correlations with eubacterial numbers (r = 0.448, p<0.01). These results indicate that temperature, DOC and pH might be one of the main factors affecting variations of bacterial populations in the aquatic ecosystem. It was also suggested that FISH method is a useful tool for detection of slow growing nitrifying bacteria.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2006

Culex pipiens complex larvae were found at the septic tanks in Busan and Ulsan cities located in South-eastern area of Korean peninsula. The larvae were collected in 25, 35 and 75 septic tanks out of 3,527, 622 and 1,111 septic tanks which the breeding rates were averages of 0.7%, 5.6% and 6.8% in Busan from January to May, 2003; Busan from February to March, 2004; and Ulsan from January to April, 2005, respectively. The average numbers of the mosquitoes in the tanks were 38.8, 14.9 and 13.7 larvae/dip with a 355-ml dipper. The larval densities were from 25.4 larvae/dip in January to 43.7 larvae/dip in April. 2003 which were not significantly different between them. It was the first report to find mosquito breeding at septic tink in Republic of Korea. Culex pipiens larvae were found in 6 out of 379 septic tanks at complex buildings (over $2,000m^2$ in size) in Ulsan from June to September, 2005, having an average of 1.6% for mosquito breeding rate. The mosquito larvae were collected in 8 and 530 septic tanks out of 210 and 3,729 septic tanks at large (over 300 homes) and small apartments (below 300 homes) with 3.8% and 14.2% of the average breeding rates, respectively At the septic tanks of private houses for below 50 persons, 708 out of 7,178 septic tan had Cx. pipiens larvae and pupae with 9.9% of the average breeding rate. Total average of the mosquito breeding rate was 10.9% of the investigated septic tanks of residential buildings in Ulsan. The number of mosquito larvae in the septic tanks were 15 to 75 larvae/dip. The bent net sets of septic tanks prevented from mosquito breeding to the rate of 93.1%.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 1992

Because no reference on trombiculid mites (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Cheju Island where tsutsugamushi disease is highly endemic had been available, studies on trombiculid mites in Cheju Island were implemented during the period of August 1991-Apil 1992, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The species and numbers of the field rodents collected were 143 Apodemus agrarius chejuensis (92.3%), 11 Crocidura lasiura (7. l%) and 1 Micromys minutus (0.6%) From total 12,075 chiggers harvested, 9 species of 4 genera in Trombiculidae were identified. (2) The predominant species through all seasons was 1. setum (43.3%), followed by 1. orientale (27.4%) and 1. scutellare (26.6%). However, in autumn when the most cases of tsutsugamushi disease occur, 1. scutellere was prominently predominant, having 79.8% of the collected chiggers. (3) Among 1,1421. scutellare examined for Rickettsia tsutsugpmushi by means of IFA test, 6 individuals were found positive showing 0.5% of infection rate. This is the first finding that 1. scutellere is the second vector species of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea. (4) Antibody positive rate of A. agrarius chejuensis sera were 31.2% (44/139), and 1 M. minutes serum was also found positive. The seropositive rates by season were not so significantly different. Key words: Tsutsugamushi disease, epidemiology, vector species, Cheju Island, Korea.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2005

This research was designed to investigate the effect of a hand and a sensibility image on the preference to skirt textiles. 131 male and female college students were surveyed and 10 kinds of preferred fabrics were used each as a specimen for all 4 seasons. Factor analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and regression were used for a statistical analysis by SPSS WIN 10.0. The results of this study are as follows: 1. In spring/fall season, 6 factors including 'elasticity/flexibility' were extracted as a hand factor, and 2 factors including 'modern elegance' were extracted as a sensibility factor in skirt textiles. 2. In summer season, 5 factors such as 'unevenness/stiffness' were extracted as a hand factor and 2 factors such as 'modern elegance romantic' as a sensibility image. 3. In winter season, 7 factors including 'elasticity' were extracted as a hand factor and 2 factors including 'modern elegance romantic' as a sensibility image. 4. Significant correlations existed between a hand and a sensibility image in spring/fall, summer, and winter. 5. A sensibility image was one of the important factors in the preference to skirt textiles in spring/fall, summer, and winter.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2010

The concentration of the tritium in precipitation from 2007 to 2009 has been analyzed for using tracer of groundwater study. The samples were collected monthly at Daejeon. The tritium concentrations in precipitation were ranged from 4.2 TU to 18.6 TU. The contents were higher at spring and fall season and lower at summer and winter season. The weighted average tritium content in precipitation was $7.85{\pm}0.46\;TU$.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

The bleaching phenomenon of otter spraints is indicates that the age of spraints (fresh or old spraints). As previous studies on the old otter faeces (spraint) have focused only on the external changes of spraints, it has been difficult to explain the difference of the decomposition rates among old spraints. We hypothesized that the micrometeorology difference caused by various characteristics of sprainting sites such as porosity and consistency of soil could affect the extent of the decomposition rate, the solar bleaching phenomenon of spraints used as a measure of the patterns of old spraints. Sprainting sites were classified into four types (Clay, Sand, Rock and Concrete spot) and each type was divided into two groups according to the sunlight condition (Sunny site and Shady site) to measure the effect of solar radiation. Micrometeorology of the sites were evaluated by measuring temperatures and humidities of the sites during the whole season. The variations in micrometeorology of the sunny sites according to the sprainting site types were examined with correlation analyses between the factors of micrometeorology. The analyses on the bleaching phenomenon of the spraints by micrometeorology showed that the highest rate of bleaching was found at the 'Rock spot' and 'Concrete spot' of the sunny site and especially in summer, the highest rate of bleaching ($63.4{\pm}7.6%$) was found at the 'Clay spot' of the sunny sites. The lowest rate of bleaching was found at the 'Sand spot' of the sunny sites. The above findings show that the difference in bleaching rates among sprainting sites was due to the seasonal or sunny condition. In addition, we found that the differences in thermal conductivity among sprainting site characteristics have resulted in different sprainting site temperature which have affected the rate of bleaching of spraints. In conclusion, this study suggests that studies of otters on their population size and home ranges using spraints as an indirect sign, should consider the effects of sprainting site characteristics and weather conditions.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.277-293
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• 2007

Seasonal and spatial variations in the concentrations of trace elements, pH and Eh were found in a creek watershed affected by mine drainage and leachate from several waste rock dumps within the As-Pb-rich Indae mine site. Because of mining activity dating back to about 40 years ago and rupture of the waste rock dumps, this creek was heavily contaminated. Due to the influx of leachate and mine drainage, the water quality of upstream reach in this creek was characterized by largest seasonal and spatial variations in concentrations of Zn(up to $5.830 mg/{\ell}$), Cu(up to $1.333 mg/{\ell}$), Cd(up to $0.031 mg/{\ell}$) and $SO_4^{2-}$(up to $173 mg/{\ell}$), relatively acidic pH values (3.8-5.1) and highly oxidized condition. The most abundant metals in the leachate samples were in order of Zn($0.045-13.909 mg/{\ell}$), Fe($0.017-8.730mg/{\ell}$), Cu($0.010-4.154mg/{\ell}$) and Cd($n.d.-0.077mg/{\ell}$), with low pH(3.1-6.1), and high $SO_4^{2-}$(up to $310 mg/{\ell}$). The mine drainage also contained high concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd and $SO_4^{2-}$ and remained constantly near-neutral pH values(6.5-7.0) in all the year. While the leachate and mine drainage might not affect short-term fluctuations in flow, it may significantly influence the concentrations of chemicals in the stream. The abundance and chemistry of Fe-(oxy)hydroxide within this creek indicated that the Fe-(oxy)hydroxide formation could be responsible for some removal of trace elements from the creek waters. Spatial and seasonal variations along down-stream reach of this creek were caused largely by the influx of water from uncontaminated tributaries. In addition, the trace metal concentrations in this creek have been decreased nearly down to the background level at a short distance from the discharge points without any artificial treatments after hydrologic mixing in a tributary. The nonconservative(i.e. precipitation, adsorption, oxidation, dissolution etc.) and conservative(hydrologic mixing) reactions constituted an efficient mechanism of natural attenuation which reduces considerably the transference of trace elements to rivers.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2017

Fine temporal and spatial resolution of image data are necessary to monitor the phenology of vegetation. However, there is no single sensor provides fine temporal and spatial resolution. For solve this limitation, researches on spatiotemporal data fusion methods are being conducted. Among them, FSDAF (Flexible spatiotemporal data fusion) can fuse each band in high accuracy.In thisstudy, we applied MODIS NDVI and Landsat NDVI to enhance time resolution of NDVI based on FSDAF algorithm. Then we proposed the possibility of utilization in vegetation phenology monitoring. As a result of FSDAF method, the predicted NDVI from January to December well reflect the seasonal characteristics of broadleaf forest, evergreen forest and farmland. The RMSE values between predicted NDVI and actual NDVI (Landsat NDVI) of August and October were 0.049 and 0.085, and the correlation coefficients were 0.765 and 0.642 respectively. Spatiotemporal data fusion method is a pixel-based fusion technique that can be applied to variousspatial resolution images, and expected to be applied to various vegetation-related studies.