Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
권호 표지
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A Study of Bleaching Phenomenon of Otter (Lutra lutra) Spraints in Relation to Weather Conditions and Characteristics of Sprainting Sites

기상조건과 배설지 특성에 따른 수달(Lutra lutra) 분변의 표백현상에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2014.08.17
  • Accepted : 2014.11.20
  • Published : 2015.02.28
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Abstract

The bleaching phenomenon of otter spraints is indicates that the age of spraints (fresh or old spraints). As previous studies on the old otter faeces (spraint) have focused only on the external changes of spraints, it has been difficult to explain the difference of the decomposition rates among old spraints. We hypothesized that the micrometeorology difference caused by various characteristics of sprainting sites such as porosity and consistency of soil could affect the extent of the decomposition rate, the solar bleaching phenomenon of spraints used as a measure of the patterns of old spraints. Sprainting sites were classified into four types (Clay, Sand, Rock and Concrete spot) and each type was divided into two groups according to the sunlight condition (Sunny site and Shady site) to measure the effect of solar radiation. Micrometeorology of the sites were evaluated by measuring temperatures and humidities of the sites during the whole season. The variations in micrometeorology of the sunny sites according to the sprainting site types were examined with correlation analyses between the factors of micrometeorology. The analyses on the bleaching phenomenon of the spraints by micrometeorology showed that the highest rate of bleaching was found at the 'Rock spot' and 'Concrete spot' of the sunny site and especially in summer, the highest rate of bleaching ($63.4{\pm}7.6%$) was found at the 'Clay spot' of the sunny sites. The lowest rate of bleaching was found at the 'Sand spot' of the sunny sites. The above findings show that the difference in bleaching rates among sprainting sites was due to the seasonal or sunny condition. In addition, we found that the differences in thermal conductivity among sprainting site characteristics have resulted in different sprainting site temperature which have affected the rate of bleaching of spraints. In conclusion, this study suggests that studies of otters on their population size and home ranges using spraints as an indirect sign, should consider the effects of sprainting site characteristics and weather conditions.

배설 후 시간 경과에 의해 나타나는 수달(Lutra lutra) 분변의 표백현상은 신선한 분변(Fresh spraints)과 오래된 분변(Old spraints)을 알려주는 척도로 이용되고 있다. 기존의 연구들은 분변 표백현상에 대해 외적 특징만을 언급해왔을 뿐, 분변 간 발생하는 표백률의 차이를 설명할 수 없었다. 본 연구는 공극률, 연경도 같은 배설지 특성에 의해 발생하는 미기상(Micrometeorology) 차이가 분변 간 표백률에 차이를 유발할 것이라 가정했다. 배설지 조건은 점토, 모래, 바위, 콘크리트의 네 가지 유형으로, 일사량의 영향을 보기 위해 다시 양지와 음지로 나누었다. 배설지 미기상은 지표면의 기온과 습도 측정을 통해 도출했고, 계절적 변화를 고려하기 위해 전 계절에 걸친 측정이 이루어졌다. 배설지 기상요소의 상관관계 분석을 통해 양지에서 배설지 유형에 따라 미기상에 차이가 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 배설지 미기상 차이가 분변 표백현상에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 양지의 바위와 콘크리트 배설지에서 높은 분변 표백률이 나타났으며, 특히 여름에는 양지의 점토 배설지에서 분변 표백률이 가장 높게 나타나는 특징을 보였다($63.4{\pm}7.6%$). 전 계절에 걸쳐 표백률이 가장 낮은 배설지는 모래인 것으로 나타났다. 각 배설지의 분변 표백률은 계절과 햇빛의 유무에 따라 차이가 발생했고, 배설지 특성에 의한 열전도도 차이가 배설지 기온 차이를 유발함으로써, 분변 표백률에 차이가 발생함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 분변을 간접흔적(Indirect sign)으로 이용하는 수달 생태조사에 있어서, 분변 표백현상에 대한 기존의 외적 평가는 계절, 배설지 특성 및 햇빛의 유무를 함께 고려해야 한다는 것을 보여준다.

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