• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2024

Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is a widely adopted Internet of Things (IoT) protocol due to its high range and lower energy consumption. LoRaWAN utilizes Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) for efficient resource (e.g., spreading factor and transmission power) management. The ADR manages these two resource parameters on the network server side and end device side. This paper focuses on analyzing the ADR and Gaussian ADR performance of LoRaWAN. We have performed NS3 simulation under a static scenario by varying the antenna height. The simulation results showed that antenna height has a significant impact on the packet delivery ratio. Higher antenna height (e.g., 50 m) has shown an improved packet success ratio when compared with lower antenna height (e.g., 10 m) in static and mobility scenarios. Based on the results, it is suggested to use the antenna at higher allevation for successful packet delivery.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2017

5G 네트워크 기술은 4G LTE 이동 통신 기술의 후속 기술로서, ITU-R, ITU-T, NGMN, 3GPP 등의 표준화 그룹을 중심으로 고성능, 저지연, 고가용성 등의 특성을 가지는 새로운 Clean-slate 형태의 이동 통신 시스템 및 네트워크 구조를 설계 중이다. 특히 다양한 5G 융합 서비스를 효율적으로 제공하기 위해 서비스 및 네트워크 자원의 독립성 및 유연성을 지향하는 네트워크 슬라이싱을 적용하고, ETSI NFV 네트워크 기능 가상화 기술을 포함하는 네트워크 관리 구조를 도입하고자 한다. 본고에서는 5G 네트워크 슬라이싱 기술 및 5G 네트워크 관리 기술의 개념 및 요구사항을 분석하고, 이에 대해 3GPP SA WG2 및 SA WG5에서 진행 중인 표준화 현황을 소개한다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2019

As a way to further expand and enable the 5G ecosystem, the $3^{rd}$ Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is considering the development of a 5G new radio (NR)-based non-terrestrial network (NTN). These NTNs are expected to provide ubiquitous 5G services to user's equipment (especially, in Internet of Things/machine-type communications (IoT/MTC) public safety, and critical communications) by extending service coverage to areas not covered by 5G terrestrial networks. To this end, this NTN is developing scenarios to provide 5G services using spaceborne vehicles, such as geosynchronous and low-Earth orbit satellites, and airborne vehicles, such as unmanned aircraft systems, including high-altitude pseudo-satellites. In addition, various technologies are being studied to satisfy new requirements not considered in 5G NR, such as long propagation delay time, large cell coverage, large Doppler effect, and base station movement. In this paper, we present the scenarios, requirements, technical issues and solutions, and standardization planning for NR-based NTN in 3GPP.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.93-94
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a technical standard that applies to the MNP between 2G and 3G. We define network function, system function and information flow for MNP. We designed call processing mechanism for MNP by QoR. We also define the processing method of SMS according to the MNP.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2006

인터넷 상에 저장된 콘텐츠를 3세대 통신 서비스를 이용해 내려 받으면 편리하지만, 자료의 양에 비례하여 통신료를 부과하는 경우 비용 면에서 부담스러울 수 있다. 본 논문은 peer라고 하는 이동단말기들이 협력하여 콘텐츠를 내려 받는데 지불하는 3G 통신비용을 줄이고자 콘텐츠의 지정된 일부분만을 유료인 3G 채널을 통해 내려 받고, 각 peer들은 자신이 내려 받은 부분을 다른 모든 peer들이 내려 받은 부분과 무료인 애드 혹 네트워크를 통해 교환 후 각 부분을 재구성하여 전체 콘텐츠를 생성한다. 본 논문은 per-peer 방식의 배분 방법을 주로 소개하며, 본 방법을 이와 유사한 방법인 per-packet 배분 방법과 성능을 비교한다. 시뮬레이션 결과로 볼 때, per-peer 방법이 per-packet 방법보다 우수하며, 두 방법 모두 10개의 peer가 참여하였을 때 약 90% 정도의 통신비용을 절감할 수 있다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

This paper provides an overview of optical transport technology for 5G mobile fronthaul. The configuration of fronthaul network is classified with dedicated fiber, passive WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing), active WDM, and semi-active WDM, which has its own advantages and drawbacks. Various WDM technology is applied for fronthaul transport, depending on the wavelength bands, required number of wavelength channels, configuration of fronthaul network, etc. In order to meet the increasing transport capacity, a 50/100 Gbps optical transceiver will be used in place of the present 10/25 Gbps technology. Trends will be continued to enhance the flexibility and reliability of the fronthaul optical network supporting highly advanced 5G mobile services.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2023

Recently, fifth generation (5G) networks are being deployed in phases all over the world, the paradigm has shifted to developing the next generation wireless technologies, which have grown exponentially in last few decades, wireless networks are promising for the demand to enormous connections. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) are considered as the key technoloies for next-generation beyond 5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G) networks, in which IRS can play an important advance in the wireless propagation environment, and NOMA can effectively increase massive connectivity to improve user fairness. In this paper, we analyze a performance on the strongest channel user in terms of achievable data rates numerically. Then, with the achievable data rates, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain is calculated for the IRS-NOMA network over the conventional NOMA network. As a consequence, IRS-NOMA schemes have been considered as some key technologies.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.352-360
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• 2012

This paper proposes a low-cost, low-power, and high-capacity optical-electrical-optical-type reach extender that can provide 3R frame regeneration and remote management to increase the reach and split ratio with no change to a legacy time division multiple access passive optical network. To provide remote management, the extender gathers information regarding optical transceivers and link status per port and then transmits to a service provider using a simple network management protocol agent. The extender can also apply to an Ethernet passive optical network (E-PON) or a gigabit-capable PON (G-PON) by remote control. In a G-PON, in particular, it can provide burst mode signal retiming and burst-to-continuous mode conversion at the upstream path through a G-PON transmission convergence frame adaptor. Our proposed reach extender is based on the quad-port architecture for cost-effective design and can accommodate both the physical reach of 60 km and the 512 split ratios in a G-PON and the physical reach of 80 km and the 256 split ratios in an E-PON.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.677-681
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 밀 결합 연동과 소 결합 연동을 갖는 Smoothly Coupled Integration(SCI)를 제안하였다. 게다가, SCI로 결합되는 3G 네트워크와 WiBro 네트워크는 빠른 핸드오프에 의하여 이동성과 seamless 서비스를 지원하는 독립적인 기술을 지닌다. OPNET의 사용한 시뮬레이션은 SCI의 우수성을 입증하였다.

• 기술사
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2001

The national 2G-3G roaming is emerging as one of essential and important issues In Korea in connection with the recent granting of 3G licenses. Accustomed to the current seamless coverage and superb quality of 2G networks, many subscribers have very high expectations of an equal or better service provisioning by 3G networks. However, it is very unlikely for 3G operators to successfully build their networks as comprehensive as the current 2G networks in the beginning of network implementation and commercial launch. Therefore,3G operators are seriously considering the national 2G-3G roaming in Korea. In this paper. 1 would like to discuss and present a technical implementation scheme and problems that need to be solved fer successfully realizing the national 2G-3G roaming.