• 산업공학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2005

In this study, changes in memory performance, blood oxygen saturation and heart rate according to 30% concentration oxygen supply were observed. Ten healthy male and female college students (male:$25.8{\pm}0.8$ years, female: $24.2{\pm}1.9$ years) participated in the study. The experiment was performed as Rest (1min.), Control task (1min.), Word presentation (1min.), Reaction time task (1min.), Distractor (2min.), and Word recall (1min.) and the physiological signals such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured throughout the stages. Subjects who received 30% oxygen recalled more words than those who received 21% oxygen, which shows 30% oxygen supply has influenced positively on memory cognitive performance. When 30% concentration oxygen is supplied, the blood oxygen saturation in the task phases was increased and the heart rate decreased when comparing to 21%. It means that 30% oxygen can stimulate brain activation by increasing actual blood oxygen concentration in the process of cognitive performance, and the heart rate decreases because enough oxygen is supplied to process the cognitive performance.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1918-1926
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• 2004

Osteoporosis is defined as a progressive systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density, microarchitectual deteriorations of bone and susceptibility to fracture. numerous methods have been used for quantitative assessment of the skeleton in osteoporosis. QCT has been shown to measure changes in trabecular mineral content in the spine with great sensitivity and precision. To provide the normal reference values and changes of lumbar spinal bone mineral density in korean adult spinal bone mineral density was evaluated in 451 women (229 premenopausal and 222 postmenopausal women) and 206 men, aged 20 to 74 years old in Wonkwang hospital from 2000 to 2004, which was carried out by using QCT. women with oophorectomy, vertebral compression fracture, any history of endocrine disease and use of drugs that alter bone metabolism were excluded. According to the WHO definition, a patient is osteoporotic based on a bone mineral density(BMD) measurement that is 2.5 standard deviations (SDs) below typical peak bone mass of young healthy white women. This measurement of standard deviation from peak mass is called the T score. BMD values of normal women in their 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-69 years, over 70 years were 168.95㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 155.41㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 166.87㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 160.67㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 154.06㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 132.04㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 114.05㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 91.78㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 78.61 ㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 61.35㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 50.53㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ Mean bone density of normal women was 115.77K₂PHO₄ K₂PHO₄. BMD values of normal men in their 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-69 years, over 70 years were 171.46㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 162.19㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 155.62㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 147.28㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 137.56㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 137.56㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 101.25㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 109.00㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 103.32㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 91.53㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 88.35㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ Mean density of normal men was 115.77㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄. Peak bone density of women and men was in the age group of 20-24 years and 168.95㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 171.46㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, respectively. Bone loss was increased with aging and was accelerated in postmenopausal women than that of premenopausal women. The total loss of BMD for women and men was 70.09% and 48.47%, respectively. Postmenopausal women(mean BMD : 85.83㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄) had significantly lower BMD than premenopausal women(meand BMD : 144.80㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄)(p<0.001). The annual loss of BMD of women and men was 2.702㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ and 1.795㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, respectively. This study provided the BMD reference data for normal korean adult. further studies on BMD in healthy adult and comparison with published data are needed.

• 천문학논총
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2000

Since Goldreich and Julian's pioneering work in 1969, the pulsar magnetosphere theory has been dramatically developed for theorists to possess an elegant axisymmetric, stationary model. Based on this development the black hole magnetosphere theory has also been established in the last 30 years. Such theoretical developments will be reviewd equation by equation in this paper.

• 기술사
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2009

About past 30 years, we don't have enough consideration and investigation about DB-Load. While 30 years, weight of truck is heavier and condition of roads differ, so many conditions of roads and vehicles are changed. We must consider change of many conditions and we must improve laws about maintenance of DB-Load. and now we must consider that low grade as well as high grade bridge can cross heavy vehicle and harmony between changed size of vehicle and bridge while making laws and code. So we can apply to improve design properly.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.203-230
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• 2000

Korean footwear industry has experienced rapid growth and decline during last 30 years. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the main reason for the decline of Korean footwear industry by examining the process of technological learning which Korean footwear firms experienced during last 30 years of OEM. Before this analysis is done, innovation patterns of world footwear industry is sketched to compare with those of Korean footwear industry. On the basis of the analysis on the reasons for decline, I suggest some policy recommendations.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.663-664
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• 2015

The activities of IRSF, a 1.4m infrared telescope operated under collaboration between Japan and South Africa, are presented briefly. The dedicated instrument, SIRIUS, which sits at the Cassegrain, has produced unique and prosperous science for 14 years. My talk involves; ${\circ}$ concept of construction and operation, ${\circ}$ publications and education, ${\circ}$ the successive upgrading of the instrument, and ${\circ}$ future plans.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2017

본 논문은 PVC 절연재료의 가속열화에 따른 트래킹 특성에 관한 연구이다. PVC 절연재료를 절연열화 시키기 위해 가속수명 시험방법 중 아레니우스 방정식을 이용한 가속열화실험을 진행하여 등가연수 0년, 10년, 20년, 30년, 40년 된 실험시료를 제작하였다. 그 후 KS C IEC 60112 기준에 의한 트래킹 실험을 진행하였다. 가속열화에 따른 PVC 트래킹 특성 측정 결과 염화암모늄 0.1%를 PVC 절연재료에 투하하였을 때, 트래킹은 발생하지 않았다. 하지만 트래킹 진전과정의 전류파형 및 전압파형을 등가수명 0년에서부터 40년까지 분석한 결과 절연성이 파괴되어 본 재질의 기능성을 갖지 못하는 BDB 구간까지 등가수명 0년을 기준으로 등가수명 10년의 경우 위험성 1.4배 증가, 20년의 경우 위험성 2배 증가, 30년의 경우 위험성 3.5배 증가, 40년의 경우 위험성 7배 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1990

The hematologic values were examined from 74 healthy mixed breed dogs in the area of Seoul. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Mean${\pm}$SD values and ranges of red blood cell(RBC) count were $6.16{\pm}0.92{\times}10^6/{\mu}l$ and $4.40{\sim}8.62{\times}10^6/{\mu}l$, of hemoglobin(Hb) content $14.90{\pm}2.42g/100ml$ and 8.7~19.2g/100ml, of packed cell volume(PCV) $45.47{\pm}6.16ml/100ml$ and 30~57ml/100ml, of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) $74.80{\pm}6.83fl$ and 54.08~90.90fl, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) $24.41{\pm}3.91pg$ and 14.19~32.97pg, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) $32.07{\pm}3.24g/100ml$ and 22.23~39.76g/100ml, respectively. 2. The RBC count value in the age group of 3~4 years was higher (p<0.05) than the total RBC count value. The Hb content value in the age group of less than 6 months was lower (p<0.01) but in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.05, p<0.01) than the total Hb content value. The PCV value in the age group of less than 6 months was lower (p<0.05) than the total PCV value. The MCHC values in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.01, p<0.05) than the total MCHC value. 3. Mean${\pm}$SD values and ranges of white blood cell (WBC) count were $11.26{\pm}3.05{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$ and $6.30{\sim}18.4{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$, of band neutrophil $2.97{\pm}1.44%$ and 1~10%, of segmented neutrophil $62.81{\pm}4.92%$ and 42~70, of lymphocyte $30.55{\pm}5.69%$ and 17~50%, of monocyte $2.49{\pm}0.84%$ and 1~5%, of eosinophil $1.81{\pm}1.175$ and 1~8%, respectively. 4. The WBC count value in the age group of 7~12 months was lower (p<0.05) but in the age group of 3~4 years was higher (p<0.05) than the total WBC count value. The band neutrophil values in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.05, p<0.01) than the total band neutrophil value.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.163-176
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• 1995

The cilinical study was done in 340 patients with allergic rhinitis who had been dosed with HYUNG GAE YUN GYO TANG GAMI. The results were summarized as follows 1. Distridution by Sex and Age $64\%\;of\;them\;were\;man,\;and\;36\%$ of them were women(It was common to men than to women) Of those who were attacted(very diverse), $25.0\%$ of them were between 10 and 19 years of age(most frequent), $23.8\%$ were between 30 and 39, $18.2\%$ between 20 and 29, $14.1\%$ between birth and 9, $12.6\%$ between 40 and 49, and $6.2\%$ of them were 50 years and over. 2. Duration $47.6\%$ of them suffered from this disease for 1 to 5 years, $13.8\%$ for 10 years or longer, $24.1\%$ for both 5 to 10 years and $7.4\%$ for 6 months to 1 years, and $6.5\%$ shorter than 6 months. 3. Symptom that appeared to them were nasal obstruction($91.5\%$,top), sneezing($90\%$), rhinorrhagir($77.4\%$), headache ($30.9\%$), itch($26.8\%$), nasal discharge through gullet($15.3\%$), and pharyngitis($15.3\%$). 4. Other diseases that occured with it were sinusitis(most often), Atopic keratoconjunctivitis, allergic dermatitis, asthma, otitis media, tonsillitis, hepertropic rhinitis, nasal polyp, and atropic rhinitis(most unusual). 5. Time and Improvement After 6 months 2 cases($20\%$) were improved excellently, 3 cases($30\%$) considerablely, after 6 months to 1 year 5 case($38.5\%$) considerably, after 1 year to 5 year 10 cases($13\%$) excellently, 20 cases ($26\%$) considerably, after 5 year to 10 years 4 cases($8.7\%$) excellently, 13 cases($28.3\%$) considerable, and after 10 years 2 cases($10\%$) improved excellently, 2 cases($10\%$) considerab. 6. Dosage and Improvemont With 10 papers 6 cases($7.8\%$) were improved excellently, 22 cases($27.8\%$) considerably, with 20 papers 4 cases($10.3\%$) were improved excellently, 6 cases($15.4\%$) considerably, with 30 papers 3 cases($15.8\%$) excellently, 2 ($10.5\%$) considerably, with 40 papers 3 cases($23.1\%$) excellently, 5($38.5\%$) considerably, with 50 papers 1 cases($10\%$) excellently, 4($40\%$) considerably, with 60and 70 papers one cases($33.3\%,\;100\%$) for each was improved considerable, with 80 papers 1 cases($100\%$) excellently, and 90 papers 2 cases($66.6\%$) considerable. 7. Improvement with additional outward application With external application 8 cases($16.6\%$) were improved excellently, 9 cases($18.7\%$) considerably without external application 10 cases($8.4\%$) were improved excellently, 34 cases($28.8\%$) considerably. 8. General Improvement 18 cases($10.8\%$) were improved excellently, 43 cases($25.9\%$) improved considerably, and 40 cases($24.0\%$) improved quite a little.thus has improvement shown in 60.8 per cent of case, and proved its efficacy.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2005

목 적 : A형 간염의 발생이 2000년대부터는 1990년대에 청소년과 젊은 성인에서 발생이 높았던 것과는 달리 20대부터 30대 초반의 젊은 성인 환자가 증가되는 추세를 보이며 소규모이기는 하나 집단적 돌발유행이 발생되는 변화가 있으며, 더불어 1990년대에 시행되었던 A형 간염 항체 보유율 역학연구가 2000년대에 와서 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이런 상황에서 저자들은 최근 국내 A형 간염의 역학적 변화의 원인분석과 이에 따른 예방대책의 기초 자료로 활용하기 위하여 연령별 A형 간염 항체 보유율 역학연구를 실시하게 되었다. 방 법 : 2005년 1월부터 6월까지 가톨릭대학교 성모자애병원 및 마산파티마병원에 내원한 외래 방문자, 건강 검진자 및 입원 환자에서 과거에 A형 간염에 이환된 병력과 가족 내 발생이 없고 A형 간염 백신 접종력이 없는 출생 후부터 50세까지 연령의 소아와 성인 1,301명(남자 655명, 여자 646명)을 대상으로 A형 간염 항체 검사를 실시하였다. 동시에 성별비교와 두 지역간의 통계적 유의성을 검토하였다. 결 과 : 항체 보유율은 1세 미만에서 61.1%, 1세 부터 5세의 연령군에서 30.5%, 6세에서 10세 사이 연령군에서 14.6%, 11세에서 15세 사이 연령군에서 1.7%, 16세에서 20세 사이 연령군에서 6.5%, 21세에서 30세 사이 연령군에서 36.6%, 31세에서 40세 사이 연령군에서 77.5%, 41세에서 50세 사이 연령군에서 99.8%의 항체 보유율을 확인하였다. 그리고 연령군에서 남녀간의 통계적 유의성은 없었으나, 두 지역에서 6세부터 10세 사이 연령군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 확인하였다. 결 론 : 16세에서 30세 사이 연령의 항체 보유율이 1990년대에 비해 현저히 낮아진 것을 확인하였고 이로 인하여 이들 연령에서 A형 간염 발생이 지속적으로 높아질 것과 집단적 돌발유행의 가능성이 있어 향후에도 이와 관련된 광범위 역학연구가 필요하다. 더불어 지역간에도 연령에 따른 항체 보유율이 달라 지역간 역학 비교연구가 필요하다.