• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.21-24
• /
• 2005

Three dimensional circular braided Glass/Aramid hybrid fabric/epoxy resin composite was fabricated. FBG sensor was embedded along the braid yam in order to monitor the internal dimensional changes of the 3-D braid composite. The amount of cure and thermal shrinkage of epoxy resin was also determined using FBG sensor system. FBG sensors with different grating length were embedded and their response were compared. The thermo-optic coefficient of FBG sensor was measured by several preliminary experiments. The internal strain that measured by FBG sensor and electric strain gauge was compared during compressive test. The released residual strain of the fabricated tubular composite was estimated using cutting method. The internal strain of the composite was estimated using FBG sensor system, and the result was compared with the value from electric strain gauge. It was found that FBG sensor system is a very useful technique to investigate inside region of complicated structure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.28 no.11
• /
• pp.1752-1759
• /
• 2004

Reinforced braid layer (RBL) in automobile power steering hose plays an important role in power steering system. When the working oil is applied to the power steering hose, RBL suppresses rubber hose deformation from internal pressure and heat expansion. RBL is woven textile composites having a double-row structure of nylon cords twisted with the specific helix angle. In this paper, effective material properties of RBL are estimated using a detailed 3-D finite element model considering its complicated geometry. Numerical experiments based on a superposition method are carried out to simulate uniaxial tensile loading condition.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2005

A high-pressure hose includes rebar layers of the synthetic fiber such as nylon or a steel wire to control internal pressure. The hose assembly is manufactured through the swaging process to clamp the hose into the metal fittings. Usually, the hose behavior is affected by the resultant of the longitudinal and circumferential forces produced by the internal pressure. The rebar layers can appear the most ideal rebar effect when they are arranged to the same direction as the resultant force. The braid angle applied in the rebar layers is an important factor in determining ultimate burst pressure and overall hose life. Failure can occur on the contacted parts of a hose with the metal fittings under severe operating conditions such as high pressure and temperature of the inner fluid. In this paper, the mechanical behavior between the hose and the metal fittings during the swaging process and the stress variation characteristics of a high-pressure hose under a constant applied pressure are analyzed with respect to the braid angle of steel wire using the finite element method.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.66 no.1
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2017

This study used general carbon fibers(CF), which can be utilized for a low voltage cable screen, as well as metal-coated carbon fibers(MCF) to make cables and analyzed the properties of electromagnetic effectiveness. Both braid CF and MCF cables with 3,000 strands, 16 spindles, and braid density of 90% or over were adopted. The tape-type MCF specimens were spread into a tape(width: 15mm) using a hot melt to make a cable. The shield effectiveness was measured up to the 1GHz range in accordance with IEC 62153-4-6; braid shielded cables featured a superior shielding effect at 63dB than tape-type shielded cables. That was because the tape-type shielded cable has relatively more gaps and holes between carbon fibers than the braid type, resulting in a more inflow or emission of electromagnetic waves. In the case of braid cables, the characteristics of their electromagnetic waves were enhanced, with higher spindles and higher conductivity of carbon fibers. The shield effectiveness of the MCF shielded cable, however, was lower than that of tin-coated one.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.753-771
• /
• 2015

A complete invariant defined for (closed connected orientable) 3-manifolds is an invariant defined for the 3-manifolds such that any two 3-manifolds with the same invariant are homeomorphic. Further, if the 3-manifold itself can be reconstructed from the data of the complete invariant, then it is called a characteristic invariant defined for the 3-manifolds. In a previous work, a characteristic lattice point invariant defined for the 3-manifolds was constructed by using an embedding of the prime links into the set of lattice points. In this paper, a characteristic rational invariant defined for the 3-manifolds called the characteristic genus defined for the 3-manifolds is constructed by using an embedding of a set of lattice points called the PDelta set into the set of rational numbers. The characteristic genus defined for the 3-manifolds is also compared with the Heegaard genus, the bridge genus and the braid genus defined for the 3-manifolds. By using this characteristic rational invariant defined for the 3-manifolds, a smooth real function with the definition interval (-1, 1) called the characteristic genus function is constructed as a characteristic invariant defined for the 3-manifolds.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2017

A series of $CeO_2-TiO_2$ composite samples with different Ce/Ti molar ratios were prepared by the paper template. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to confirm a face-centered cubic lattice of $CeO_2$ with Ce/Ti =8:2 or 9:1 and a two phase mixture of anatase titania and face-centered cubic ceria with Ce/Ti = 7 : 3. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results suggest that the products are micron braid structures consisting of fibers with diameters in a range of $1-6{\mu}m$ and lengths of several hundred micrometers. $N_2$ absorption-desorption testing shows that the composite at Ce/Ti molar fraction of 8 : 2 has the largest BET surface area (about $81m^2{\cdot}g^{-1}$). Compared to the pure $CeO_2$ sample, the composites show superior catalytic activity for $H_2$ reduction and CO oxidation. For the micron braid structure $CeO_2-TiO_2$ composite (Ce/Ti = 8 : 2), due to the high surface area and the solid solution with appropriate $Ti^{4+}$ incorporation, the CO conversion at about $280^{\circ}C$ was above 50% and at $400^{\circ}C$ was 100%.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.51-71
• /
• 1999

We classify all conjugacy classes of 3-braids that are related by flypes on representatives. Among them we determine which classes have representatives that admit both (+) and (-) flypes as an effort to search for a potential example of a pair of transversal knots that are topologically isotopic and have the same Bennequin number but are not transversally isotopic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.191-194
• /
• 2005

Impact properties of glass/Kevlar hybrid composites which have 3-D braided structures were studied. Results were compared to those of composites made of only glass fibers where the same epoxy resin were used as matrix. Absorbed impact energies evaluated through the combination of the data from the impact tester and high speed camera were compared to each other. In order to see the difference between the damaged area distribution CCD camera captures were performed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2000

As an economy approach new state of affairs under the influence of the Shil-Hak philosophy, the Joshun society at 18th century gave common people to a chance to impress and to patronize the Arts. This social environment made an artist to drawing see and feel, this is a genre picture. Hong Do Kim(1745-1816 or 1818) was a typical genre picturer of Joshun, his picture reflected the time truthly and honestly and described vividly a life of common people, so expressed Realism what based on the actual. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze and to study costume of common people and their life style. The costume in a genre picture books are summarized. Man's basic dresses were Jugori and Baji uniformity, but based on the job or situation those had a little variation. People of a blacksmith shop wore that to enlarge sleeve of Bagi and Jugori and wore Strow Sandle exactly, in that way prepared for danger of treating hot iron. On the side, in the summer, Soikojambangiee and Deungguri jucksam wore at grain. The majority of hair style was Minsangtoo that Manggun not to be surrounded a head. Womam's basic dresses were Chima and Jugori, it was not to be different in compare with a woman of the aristocratic class, extremely appeal simplicity. But it was not to be of no accent on fashion even if common people, they wore a shot Dangko jugori that busts were seen below Jugori. A hair style was simple hair that her braid placed aboved a head, different with very richful hair style, Gachae that one‘s braid hair placed above a head, a hair style of woman of the aristocratic class and Kinuer. Because of common people's costume are not a special thing expect for basic dress-Jugori, Baji, Chima, many historical books or articles about costume are not existed. As the results of this study on costume of common people's life, we found that basic dresses appeared to a various types based on the job and the situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.57 no.1 s.110
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2007

This study is considered about the fabrics culture of Baekje Period by analyzing the fabrics pieces at a inner part of the It-bronze shoes found at the tomb of King Mu-ryeong in 1971 AD. The analysis methods of the fabrics pieces are a photographing of fabrics pieces surface by VMS, Digital camera(Nikon Coolpix 995) and the analysis of samples by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. It is assumed this fabrics pieces are the inner shoes, which consisted of compound woven silk at outward, some of tabby and a hemp at inward and the braids for decoration, of the gilt-bronze shoes. The features are as follows. 1. All of compound woven silk are the warp-faced compound tabby of plain fabrics and the density is various from high to low one. Compound woven silk which is attached the gilt-bronze shoes of the tomb of King Mu-ryeong weaves in high density by a thick thread. The fibers material of compound woven silk prove to be a silk by the analysis of wrap samples by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. 2. Tabby are excavated under the condition which attached on reverse side of compound woven silk. Those ran classify two types. First, the fine weaving by high density of wrap and weft. Second, the loose warp weaving with one warp and some of weft. 3. Hemp is almost ramie by SEM analysis and the density is different. Ramie which supposed to be attached Guem has the very low density. In addition to, Ramie pieces, excavated in condition and weaved finely, proved the conspicuous weaving skill in Baekje period. 4. Various kinds of braid are found and these ones classifies by fiber material and entwining way. Two types out of these are the one of silk thread, decorates the upper, middle parts of compound woven silk shoes and the other of hemp thread, decorates the lower parts.