• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.538-545
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• 2004

A new CRT binding factor (CBF) gene designated Cbcbf25 was cloned from Capsella bursa-pastoris, a wild grass, by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of Cbcbf25 was 898 bp with a 669 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative DRE/CRT (LTRE)-binding protein of 223 amino acids. The predicted CbCBF25 protein contained a potential nuclear localization signal (NLS) in its N-terminal region followed by an AP2 DNA-binding motif and a possible acidic activation domain in the C-terminal region. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Cbcbf25 has a high level of similarity with other CBF genes like cbf1, cbf2, and cbf3 from Arabidopsis thaliana, and Bncbf5, Bncbf7, Bncbf16, and Bncbf17 from Brassica napus. A cold acclimation assay showed that Cbcbf25 was expressed immediately after cold triggering, but this expression was transient, suggesting that it concerns cold acclimation. Our study implies that Cbcbf25 is an analogue of other CBF genes and may participate in cold-response, by for example, controlling the expression of cold-regulated genes or increasing the freezing tolerance of plants.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 1993

The polyhedrin gene-containing DNA fragment of Hyphantria cunea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HcNPV) was localized by southern hybridization with Autographa california CPA EcoRI-I fragment (7.3 kb), Bombyx mori NPV PatI-F fragment (7 kb) and synthetic oligonucleotide(30-mer) as probes. the PstI-L(5.3 kb) fragment of HcNPV was cloned to E. coli and the plasmid of the fragment was named as pHcP-L(8.0 kb). The pHcP-L was physically mapped and subcloned to E. coli as pHcP-L1(4.7 kb), pHcP-L2(7.1 kb), pHcP-L3(5.3 kb), pHcP-L4(4.2 kb) and pHcP-L5(4.5 kb).

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.324-330
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• 2009

In this study, we evaluated accuracy and usefulness of CyberKnife Respiratory Tracking System ($Synchrony^{TM}$, Accuray, USA) about a moving during stereotactic radiosurgery. For this study, we used moving phantom that can move the target. We also used Respiratory Tracking System called Synchrony of the Cyberknife in order to track the moving target. For treatment planning of the moving target, we obtained an image using 4D-CT. To measure dose distribution and point dose at the moving target, ion chamber (0.62 cc) and gafchromic EBT film were used. We compared dose distribution (80% isodose line of prescription dose) of static target to that of moving target in order to evaluate the accuracy of Respiratory Tracking System. We also measured the point dose at the target. The mean difference of synchronization for TLS (target localization system) and Synchrony were $11.5{\pm}3.09\;mm$ for desynchronization and $0.14{\pm}0.08\;mm$ for synchronization. The mean difference between static target plan and moving target plan using 4D CT images was $0.18{\pm}0.06\;mm$. And, the accuracy of Respiratory Tracking System was less 1 mm. Estimation of usefulness in Respiratory Tracking System was $17.39{\pm}0.14\;mm$ for inactivity and $1.37{\pm}0.11\;mm$ for activity. The mean difference of absolute dose was $0.68{\pm}0.38%$ in static target and $1.31{\pm}0.81%$ in moving target. As a conclusion, when we treat about the moving target, we consider that it is important to use 4D-CT and the Respiratory Tracking System. In this study, we confirmed the accuracy and usefulness of Respiratory Tracking System in the Cyberknife.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.6
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• pp.672-680
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• 2023

Objective : We evaluated the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term results of patients with dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF), which is a very rare cause of posterior fossa hemorrhage. Methods : This study included 15 patients who underwent endovascular, surgical, combined, or Gamma Knife treatments between 2012 and 2020. Demographics and clinical features, angiographic features, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed. Results : The mean age of the patients was 40±17 years (range, 17-68), and 68% were men (11/15). Seven of the patients (46.6%) were in the age group of 50 years and older. While the mean Glasgow coma scale was 11.5±3.9 (range, 4-15), 46.3% presented with headache and 53.7% had stupor/coma. Four patients (26.6%) had only cerebellar hematoma and headache. All dAVFs had cortical venous drainage. In 11 patients (73.3%), the fistula was located in the tentorium and was the most common localization. Three patients (20%) had transverse and sigmoid sinus localizations, while one patient (6.7%) had dAVF located in the foramen magnum. Eighteen sessions were performed on the patients during endovascular treatment. Sixteen sessions (88.8%) were performed with the transarterial (TA) route, one session (5.5%) with the transvenous (TV) route, and one session (5.5%) with the TA+TV route. Surgery was performed in two patients (14.2%). One patient (7.1%) passed away. While there were nine patients (64.2%) with a Rankin score between 0 and 2, the total closure rate was 69.2% in the first year of control angiograms. Conclusion : In the differential diagnosis of posterior fossa hemorrhages, the differential diagnosis of dAVFs, which is a very rare entity, should be considered, even in the middle and elderly age groups, in patients presenting with good clinical status and pure hematoma. The treatment of such patients can be done safely and effectively in a multidisciplinary manner with a good understanding of pathological vascular anatomy and appropriate endovascular treatment approaches.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2019

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process that maintains homeostasis and cell integrity, under stress conditions. Although the involvement of autophagy in various conditions has been elucidated, the role of autophagy in renal structure is not completely clarified. Our aim was to investigate the cytoprotective effect of autophagy against acute kidney injury (AKI) through cisplatin deteriorative pathway, which leads to AKI via renal cell degradation. For in vivo experiments, male Sprague Dawley rats were divided in to 2 groups (n = 6/group) as control, Cis-5D. Following a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, rats were sacrificed after 5 days. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and histological alterations were examined. Further, expression of key regulators of autophagy, light-clain 3 (LC3), p62, and Beclin1, was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The rats exhibited severe renal dysfunction, indicated by elevated BUN, Cr. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed histological damages in cisplatin-treated rats. Furthermore, IHC analysis revealed increased expression of LC3, Beclin1 and decreased expression of p62. Furthermore, expression of aforementioned autophagy markers was restricted to proximal tubule. Taken together, our study demonstrated that cisplatin can cause nephrotoxicity and lead to AKI. This phenomenon accelerated autophagy in renal proximal tubules and guards against AKI.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.138-146
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• 2007

Objective : To observe the trend in clinical study on atopic dermatitis(AD) over the last 3 years in order to develop a study methodology of AD in Oriental Medicine. Methods : Using the Pub med on line site; search terms: atopic dermatitis, field as title/abstract, limitation as published in the last 3 years, only items with links to full text, Humans, Clinical Trial, English. I observed the study contents of all this research and focused on the classification of treatments. I also observed of AD clinical trials registered on a clinical trial site(www.clinicaltrial.gov) on 23rd of June, 2007: study contents, localization and study designs. Results : Through the Pub Med site, I found 169 articles. Classified according to study subject, the studies related to treatment were 114(67.5%); physiology, pathology and prevention 12(7.1%); Diagnosis and Evaluation(7.1%); psychological aspects including quality of life 10(5.9%); diet and management 10(5.9%); epidemiology 7(4.1%); and others 7(4.1%). However, the treatment study of herb-medicine as intervention showed only 1 article. Futhermore, it wasn't based on Oriental Medicine philosophy. In the clinical trial site, there were 31 studies in which patients were recruited or planned for the future. The study on efficacy and safety of the medicine produced 14 trials, 5 comparative trials, 2 phototherapy, 2 diagnosis, 6 physiology and pathology, and 2 epidemiology. The trial institutions were concentrated in U.S.A. Conclusion : I suggest we'd better try to make a good clinical guideline and standardization of diagnosis and herb-medicine in order to develop a clinical study methodology of AD as soon as possible in the future. Even though it 's very hard to find the study methodology, we should aim to achieve positive results and show the evidence of the efficacy and safety of herb-medicine treatment for AD using Oriental Medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.331-340
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• 2010

3D fluid based numerical modelling is done for a VHF multi hollow cathode array plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. In order to understand the fundamental characteristics of it, Ar plasma is analyzed with a condition of 40 MHz, 100 Vrf and 1 Torr. For hole array of 6 mm diameter and 20 mm inter-hole distance, plasma is well confined within the hole at an electrode gap of 10 mm. The peak plasma density was $5{\times}10^{11}#/cm^3$ at the center of the hole. When the substrate was assumed at ground potential, electron temperature showed a peak at the vicinity of the grounded walls including the substrate and chamber walls. The reaction rate of metastable based two step ionization was 10 times higher than the direct electron impact ionization at this condition. For $H_2$, the spatial localization of discharge is harder to get than Ar due to various pathways of electron impact reactions other than ionization.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.651-656
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• 2008

A mouse with cataract, Kec, was generated from N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis. Cataract in the Kec mouse was observable at about 5 weeks after birth and this gradually progressed to become completely opaque by 12 weeks. Dissection microscopy revealed that vacuoles with a radial or irregular shape were located primarily in the cortex of the posterior and equatorial regions of the lens. At the late stage, the lens structure was distorted, but not ruptured. This cataract phenotype was inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. We performed a genetic linkage analysis using 133 mutant and 67 normal mice produced by mating Kec mutant (BALB/c) and F1 (C57BL/6 $\times$ Kec) mice. The Kec locus was mapped to the 3 cM region encompassed by D14Mit34 and D14Mit69. In addition we excluded coding sequences of 9 genes including Rcbtb2, P2ry5, Itm2b, Med4, Nudt15, Esd, Lcp1, Slc25a30, and 2810032E02Rik as the candidate gene that causes cataract in the Kec mouse.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2010

This study was carried out to determine the chromosomal localization of the 5S and 18S-26S ribosomal DNA(rDNA) genes by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) techniques, and the constitutive heterochromatin detected by means of Gimsa C-banding technique in rye(Secale cereale L.). The somatic chromosomes number was 2n=14. The karyotype consists of four pairs of metacentrics(chromosomes 1, 2, 3, and 7) and three pairs of submetacentrics(chromosomes 4, 5, and 6). Secondary constrictions appeared in the short arm of chromosome 1. The 5S rDNA genes have been located on two pairs of chromosomes 1 and 5, and 18S-26S rDNAs genes have been located on one pair of chromosome 1. 5S rDNA genes were detected on the distal region of the secondary constrictions in nucleolus organizer regions(NOR) in chromosome 1, and other detected on the intercalary region in the short arm of chromosome 5.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.288-293
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• 2023

To optimize the process parameters of laser powder bed fusion process to fabricate the high density STS316L alloy, the effect of laser power, scanning speed and hatching distance on the relative density was studied. Tensile properties of additively manufactured STS316L alloy using optimized parameters was also evaluated according to the build direction. As a result of additive manufacturing process under the energy density of 55.6 J/mm³, 83.3 J/mm³ and 111.1 J/mm³, high density STS316L specimens was suitably fabricated when the energy density, power and scan speed were 83.3 J/mm³, 225 W and 1000 mm/s, respectively. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of STS316L specimens in direction perpendicular to the build direction, show the most competitive values. Anisotropic shape of the pores and the lack of fusion defects probably caused strain localization which result in deterioration of tensile properties.