• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2006

Purpose: In maxillofacial surgery, proper preoperative diagnosis is very important in achieving good postoperative results. Although conventional CT scans are useful for visual representations of fractures, they cannot provide direct guidance for reconstructing facial bone fractures. However, the recent technology of multislice scanning has brought many clinical benefits to CT images. Direct correlations can be made between preoperative imaging data and operative planning. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the differences between conventional CT and multidetective three-dimensional CT(3D MDCT) measurements in craniofacial deformities. Methods: From January 2005 to November 2005, MDCT scans of 41 patients were evaluated by comparing them with conventional CT scans. The 3D MDCT images were assessed and reviewed by using a simple scoring system. Results: The 3D MDCT scans offered easy interpretation, facilitated surgical planning, and clarified postoperative results in malar complex fractures, mandibular fractures, and extensive maxillofacial fractures and cranioplasty. However, 3D MDCT images were not superior to conventional CT scans in the diagnosis of blowout fractures. Conclusion: In spite of its limitations, the 3D MDCT provided additional and more comprehensive information than the conventional CT for preoperative assessment of craniofacial deformities. Therefore, the 3D MDCT can be a useful tool for diagnosis and systematic treatment planning in craniofacial skeletal deformities.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.95-98
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• 2014

Two-dimensional cephalometric analysis has been used for diagnosis and treatment of correction of mandibular asymmetry by many maxillofacial surgeons. And 2D analysis showed excellent results in many cases, however 2D has some drawbacks in diagnosis and treatment planning because of its fundamental limitation like overlapping. Today many physicians use 3D diagnosis & treatment tools to expect better results and reduce possible errors. The aim of this report is to present treatment procedures using 3D analysis and treatment modalities for mandibular asymmetry patients.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2016

Traditionally 2D cephalometric analysis has been used for diagnosis and treatment of maxillofacial deformities. However, 2D has some limitations in diagnosis and treatment planning especially facial asymmetry cases. The most weakness of 2D is overlapping and unpredictability. Today 3D treatment tools are used by many maxillofacial surgeons. 3D treatment tools can show ungarbled facial anatomy and do virtual surgery. The aim of this report is to present usefulness of using 3D analysis and virtual orthognathic surgery for severe facial asymmetry patients.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess new three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric variables, and to evaluate the relationships among skeletal and dentoalveolar variables through 3D cephalometric analysis. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired from 38 young adults (18 men and 20 women; $22.6{\pm}3.2$ years) with normal occlusion. Thirty-five landmarks were digitized on the 3D-rendered views. Several measurements were obtained for selected landmarks. Correlations among different variables were calculated by means of Pearson's correlation coefficient values. Results: The body of the mandible had a longer curve length in men ($102.3{\pm}4.4$ mm) than in women ($94.5{\pm}4.7$ mm) (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in the maxillary basal curve length. Men had significantly larger facial dimensions, whereas women had a larger gonial angle ($117.0{\pm}4.0$ vs. $113.8{\pm}3.3$; p < 0.001). Strong-to-moderate correlation values were found among the vertical and transverse variables (r = 0.71 to 0.51). Conclusions: The normative values of new 3D cephalometric parameters, including the maxillary and mandibular curve length, were obtained. Strong-to-moderate correlation values were found among several vertical and transverse variables through 3D cephalometric analysis. This method of cephalometric analyses can be useful in diagnosis and treatment planning for patients with dentofacial deformities.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 1989

두개 안면부 내의 임의 부위를 평가시 정모두부 방사선 규격 사진과 측방 두부 방사선 규격 사진을 동시에 적절히 사용할시에는 3차원적 공간 개념을 인지함으로서 대상의 정확한 존재와 위치를 파악할 수 있다. 최근 교정학 분야에 있어서 점차 그 중요성과 사용 빈도가 증가하고 있는 정모 두부 방사선 규격 사진의 용도는 다음과 같다. 1. 교정 치료시 진단 및 치료 계획 과정에서의 이용 (1) 두부 안면부에서의 비대칭 부위와 양의 인지 (2) 교정 치료의 진단과 치료를 위한 therapeutic position의 평가 2. 교정 치료 mechanics의 성공 여부 평가 이같은 정모 두부 방사선 규격 사진을 측방두부 방사선 규격 사진과 등시에 적절히 사용 함으로서 정확한 진단과 그에 합당한 치료 계획을 수립할 수 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to present a case series of the orthognathic treatment of facial asymmetry due to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and to characterize the current treatment modalities through a literature review. Four patients who presented with facial asymmetry due to TMJ ankylosis between 2010 and 2014 were included in this study. TMJ ankylosis was surgically treated before bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty in some of the cases. In 2 cases, 3-dimensional (3D) models were used for diagnosis and treatment planning, as 3D models are very important tools for planning surgical maneuvers. Aesthetically pleasant facial symmetry and a good facial profile were obtained in all the cases.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2012

악교정 수술에 대한 관심이 증가되고, 환자 또한 증가되는 시점에서, 환자에 대한 정확한 진단이 우선되어야 하며, 환자의 요구에 의해서 수술시기가 죄우되는 것이 아니라, 술전 교정치료를 하고 수술하는 경우와 수술을 일찍하고 후에 교정치료를 하는 경우에 대한 결정은 치과교정의사와 구강악안면외과의사가 함께 최신의 다양한 방법 등을 통한 정확한 분석과 예측과정 후에 각각의 환자에 맞는 수술계획을 수립한 후 시행하여야 하며, 무엇보다도 최선의 치료 결과를 얻는 것이 가장 중요하다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the root positions in virtual tooth setups using only crowns in a simulated treatment with those achieved in the actual treatment. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment intraoral and corresponding cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained from 15 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction. A conventional virtual tooth setup was used for the treatment simulation. Pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional digital tooth models were fabricated by integrating the patients' intraoral and CBCT scans. The simulated root positions in the virtual setup were obtained by merging the crown in the virtual setup and root in the pre-treatment tooth model. The root positions of the simulated and actual post-treatment tooth models were compared. Results: Differences in root positions between the simulated and actual models were > 1 mm in all teeth, and statistically significant differences were observed (p < 0.05), except for the maxillary lateral incisors. The differences in the inter-root angulation were > 1° in all teeth, and statistically significant differences were observed in the maxillary and mandibular canines. Conclusions: The virtual tooth setup using only crown data showed errors over the clinical limits. The clinical application of a virtual setup using crowns and roots is necessary for accurate and precise treatment simulation, particularly in extraction treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2001

안면 비대칭이나 반안면 왜소증등과 같은 악변형증 환자의 진단 및 치료계획을 수립함에 있어서 종합적이고도 3차원적인 접근을 하는 것이 중요하다. 최근 3차원 CT가 개발되었으나 이 경우 계측점의 정확성이 아직 확립되어 있지 않다. 최근들어 두부 위치를 보정하여 다른 시기에 촬영된 방사선 사진을 3차원적으로 비교할수 있도록 하는 방법이 소개되었다. 이러한 방법을 이용하여 얻어진 3차원 좌표값 자동적으로 계산한 후 3차원적 구조 분석 및 계측을 할 수 있는 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 프로그램은 정중면을 설정하는 개념에 입각하여 안면구조물의 변형정도를 다양한 방법으로 나타낼수 있으며 이러한 기능은 특히 안면 비대칭의 분석과 술전, 후 비대칭의 정도를 파악하는데 유용한 것으로 보인다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제36권2호통권345호
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• pp.135-143
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• 1998

Cephalogram is one of the most important tool in researching growth and development of craniofacial area, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. But its inherent distortion of actual length and angles during projecting three dimensional object to two dimensional plane might cause errors in quantitative analysis of shape and size. three dimensional high quality images can be obtained using computerized tomogram and have reported in literatures. Considering its expenses and amount of exposure to radiation, limitations still remain to be solved in its application to routine practice. construction of three dimensional image using principle of orientator can be obtained by biplanar stereoradiography. Theoretically two images, lateral and P-A can be used to construct three dimensional image provided that those are taken at same time by two different focal spots. As two images(lateral and P-A) obtained by conventional cephalogram have different head posture, those need compensation to construct three dimensional images. This study introduced principle of computerized head posture compensation and showed that conventional cephalogram could be used to construct three dimensional image and could be applied to routine orthodontic practice.