• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3세 유아

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Children's Interpretation of Facial Expression onto Two-Dimension Structure of Emotion (정서의 이차원 구조에서 유아의 얼굴표정 해석)

  • Shin, Young-Suk;Chung, Hyun-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.57-68
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    • 2007
  • This study explores children's categories of emotion understanding from facial expressions onto two dimensional structure of emotion. Children of 89 from 3 to 5 years old were required to those facial expressions related the fourteen emotion terms. Facial expressions applied for experiment are used the photographs rated the degree of expression in each of the two dimensions (pleasure-displeasure dimension and arousal-sleep dimension) on a nine-point scale from 54 university students. The experimental results showed that children indicated the greater stability in arousal dimension than stability in pleasure-displeasure dimension. Emotions about sadness, sleepiness, anger and surprise onto two dimensions was understand very well, but emotions about fear, boredom were showed instability in pleasure-displeasure dimension. Specifically, 3 years old children indicated highly the perception in a degree of arousal-sleep than perception of pleasure-displeasure.

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Early Childhood Education of Joseon Royal Family (조선시대 왕실의 유아교육)

  • Yuk, Su Hwa
    • (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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    • no.32
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    • pp.311-362
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    • 2008
  • This study aimed to make clear the education process, from antenatal training to early childhood education, of Joseon Royal Family. Centered on the successors to the throne and reviewed also the education of other Royal Family members, this study carried out comparative analysis on them. Antenatal training is pregnant woman's essential physical and mental attitude. It is indispensable to the health and good nature of unborn baby. Antenatal training had been based on the theory of Oriental medical science that fetus can sympathize what mother see and feel. Such theory, combined with Confucian self-culture theory, had taken very important position in Confucianism. Not to speak of Royal Family, noble family regarded antenatal training very essential as beginning of education and root of nature formation. For firstborn son and firstborn grandson, Boyangcheong (輔養廳, special nursery agency) was set up before their age became three, but not for other sons and grandsons of Royal Family. When firstborn son or firstborn grandson grew up to read letters, Ganghakcheong (講學廳) was set up for their early education. Other sons of king also learned in their early ages at Ganghakcheong while other grandsons of king learned at Gyohakcheong (敎學廳). Education courses were almost same between successors and non-successors but there were wide difference in the ranks of their tutors; firstborn son's tutor marked 2nd Jeong(正) class, firstborn grandson's tutor marked 2nd Jong(從) class and other royal sons' tutors were just 9th Jong(從) class.

Analysis of the Daily Teaching Plan and Reflective Thinking of Edu Care Teachers About Art Area (만2세 미술영역 운영현황 분석과 보육교사의 반성적 인식 탐색)

  • Park, Soo Jung;Bae, Jee Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.13-30
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    • 2019
  • Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the annual operational status in the filed of art shown in daily teaching plan for 2-year old, provide the analysis results helping the reflective cognition and to provide the basic data for relevant researches. Methods: This study analyzed the 1 year portion of daily teaching plan of 6 edu care teachers, provided the analysis results to the teacher in charge and promote the reflective cognition. Results: First, the operational status of the art area shown in the daily teaching plan for 2-year old was analyzed by dividing it into arts experience, expression type, art supplies, basic planar material, planar painting material, three-dimensional expression material. Second, The reflective cognition in the teacher on the analysis results of operational status in the field of art for 2-year old was shown as limits such as the infant art missing art appreciation, concentration on art supplies, ambiguity of infant art and the uniformed art activity. Conclusion/Implications: The implications of this study are the facts that it identified the operational concentration in the field of art for 2-year old, it utilized the analysis data of the teacher's daily teaching plan as reflective cognition tell, it showed the diverse teacher's cognitions on the infant-oriented art education not the uniformed art activity application.

Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake of Preschool Children in Day -Care Centers (보육시설 유아들의 식품 및 영양소 섭취상태 평가)

  • Sin, Eun-Kyung;Lee, Yeon-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.34 no.7
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    • pp.1008-1017
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Quantity and Quality of food and nutrient intake of preschool children. The subjects were 57 children aged 3 to 6 years in Gumi day-care centers. Total daily dietary intakes were calculated by weighing food consumed at the day-care centers taken together with dietary records by children's mothers for intakes at home. This survey was conducted during 3 days including week and weekend days. Diet Quality was assessed by NAR (Nutrient Adequacy Ratio), MAR (Mean Adequacy Ratio), food group pattern and DDS (Dietary Diversity Score). The daily food intake was 992.7g, the plant food intake $(68\%)$ was higher than animal food intake $(32\%)$. The daily energy intake was 1249.2 kcal $(85\%\;RDA)$ and protein 43.8g $(153.6\%\;RDA)$. Percentage of calcium, iron, and niacin consumed below $75\%$ of RDAs were $29.8\%,\;35.1\%\;and\;28.1\%$, respectively. Proportions of energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat were $61.0\%,\;14.1\%\;and\;25.5\%$, respectively. Calorie intake proportion of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snack were $15\%,\;20\%,\;19\%\;and\;46\%$, respectively. The NAR of Ca and Fe and MAR were 0.84, 0.85 and 0.92, respectively. Thirty-one point six percent of children consumed 5 food groups (GMFVDS=110111) per day. Persons who had higher DDSs correlated positively with NAR and MAR. As a result, dietary intake of preschool children partially showed a problem of over and under nutrition in Quantity or Quality. We hope that the result of this study could be helpful for developing the nutrition education program for the health and nutrition of preschool children.

The Subjective Perception on the Job Contents of Educare Teachers (보육교사의 직무에 대한 인식 유형)

  • Oh, Mee Ock;Shin, Won Shik
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.85-102
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is analyzing newly the role of the educare teachers by finding the teachers' subjective perception on their duty and understanding its feature. With the research, I'd like to present the fundamental materials for re-training and education for specialty. I Q-sorted 17 teachers based on the 36 statements which had been selected carefully. The results are following. The first type is the teacher who is aiming the specialized education. The teacher of this type needs to have the comprehensible knowledge on the child-development and seeks the teacher's specialty with self-supervision and study group. The second type is the teacher who is pursuing safety and protection for the children. The teacher of this type considers safety and cleanness very important and thinks that he or she should take care of the children by the cooperation with parents. The third type is the teacher who is heading for everyday's life and improvement. He or she thinks that teaching the child daily life is significant and by it, the child should grow up. The results of the research show us 3 points. The first, we need to re-design training program for the educare teachers. The second, we should prepare the manual for the teachers in accordance with the infants' growing-up. The third, we should understand the teacher's type and train him or her in accordance with the type.

유기농 이유식 제품 제조 기술 현황과 소비 전망

  • Sin, Hyeon-Ho
    • 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.29-45
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    • 2006
  • 최근에 들어 웰빙(well-being)과 함께 로하스(LOHAS: Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability)란 개념이 급속도로 확산되고 있으며, 이를 만족하는 식품으로 친환경 농산물과 유기 가공 식품이 대두되고 있다. 여러 마케팅 조사에서도 친환경 농산물과 유기 가공 식품의 소비자 선호도는 상당히 높게 나타난다. 이러한 다양한 소비자의 요구에 맞춰 우리의 2세에게 더욱 안전하고 좋은 품질의 이유식을 제공하고 나아가 한계에 이른 '지구와 환경을 해치지 않는 지속가능 한 소비'를 유도하고자 업체들은 유기농 이유식을 개발하고 있다. 유기농 소비자 10명 가운데 7명은 최근의 웰빙 붐 때문에 유기농에 관심을 가지게 됐으며, 가격이 다소 비싸더라도 가족의 건강을 위해 친환경 농산물을 구입하는 것으로 나타났으며, 국내외를 막론하고 친환경 농산물과 유피 가공 식품의 시장 동향을 살펴보면 지속적으로 증가하고 있으나, 아직까지 일반 제품에 비해 미미한 수준이며, 국내는 인증 제도가 없으나, 유기 가공 식품표시기준에 따라 표시되고 있다. 일반적으로 이유식이라 함은 식품공전에서 영 ${\cdot}$ 유아용 곡류 조제식만을 말하지만 넓게 축산물의 조제유류, 영아용 조제식, 성장기용 조제식, 기타 영 ${\cdot}$ 유아식을 포함할 수 있으며, 유기농 이유식 제조 현황을 살펴보면 동결, 분무, 드럼 등의 건조와 퍼핑이나 Extruder를 통한 알파화로 원료를 가공하여 은 살균, 멸균, 균질, 혼합, 건조, 냉각, 포장 등의 다양한 공정으로 이루어진 분무건조나 유동층이나 연속식 과립기를 사용하여 분말이나 입자형 이유식을 생산하며, 동결 건조를 하여 열수를 가해 죽 상태로 먹을 수 있도록 한 제품, 데워서 떠 먹일 수 있도록 병조림이나 레토르트 유동식 제품, 바로 마실 수 있는 쥬스류, 두유류, 과자 등으로 생산하고 있다. 주된 메이저4사는 일동후디스, 남양유업, 매일유업, 파스퇴르유업으로 다양한 제품들을 생산하고 있으며, 두유를 위주로 한 정식품, 연세우유와 종근당건강, 다양한 다국적 기업들의 제품이 수입되고 있는 실정이다. 이유식 시장도 96년 하반기부터 정체를 보이는 상태다. 2002년도 이유식 시장은 약 1,300억원 규모로 업체들의 고가 신제품과 유기농 이유식 출시로 판매 금액은 소폭 상승하였으나 판매 수량은 큰 변동이 없다. 저출산에 따른 양육비 집중과 유기농 제품에 대한 저변이 크게 확산돼 베이비 웰빙은 어느 정도 예견된 일이거니와 이미 미국 등 선진국에선 유아에 그치지 않고 아동까지 유기농과 고급 원료를 사용한 고가의 웰빙 제품이 봇물을 이루고 있는 상황이어서 유아식 시장은 어느 때보다 경쟁이 치열할 것이며, 국내 식품 업체들이 너도나도 유기농 제품과 매장사업에 뛰어들고 있다. 유기 가공 식품의 지속적인 발전을 위해서 (1) 국내산/수입산 공통으로 인증 제도가 도입되고 원료 농산물뿐만 아니라, 모든 공정이나 공장에 대한 종합적 관리와 동일한 인증 표시가 이루어져야 한다. (2) 정부 부처의 이기를 타파할 수 있는 법정부적 기구나 대책이 필요하다. (3) 유기 가공 식품을 취급하는 업계에서는 기존 3%의 비의도적 혼입치의 고려나 상한선 재설정을 요구하고 진정한 유기 가공 식품으로 공정 경쟁한다. (4) 활발한 인증심사원의 교육과 배출로 인증이나 심사기관의 민간 이양을 적극 장려하고 국가관 상호 신뢰를 구축한다. (5) 각 소비자 단체나 소비자는 환경을 살리고 생명체의 공생이라는 관점에서 최선의 길이 유기농 제품임을 인식하고 소비하여 우리의 다음 세대에게서 빌려온 소중한 환경을 물려준다.

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Realities and Difficulties of English Education for Young Children of North Korean Refugee Mothers (북한이탈주민 어머니의 유아기 자녀 영어교육 실태와 어려움)

  • Jo, Hye Young;Kim, Mee Kyoung;Lee, Moon Ok
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.201-228
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    • 2013
  • The research goal of this study is to investigate the realities and difficulties of English education for young children of North Korean refugee mothers. The subjects of this study were 201 North Korean refugee mothers of 3-5-year-old children. They were surveyed and some of them were interviewed on their children's English education. The results of the study are as follows. First, most of the North Korean refugee mothers in this study provided their children with English education since their children were 3 years old. The major reason for the English education was their children's peer group who received English education early in their lives. Their educational interaction periods with their children were less than 10 minutes, and they had their young children study English alone, focusing solely on their assignment. Next, North Korean refugee mothers claimed that the biggest difficulties for teaching English to their children were cost, lack of information, lack of time to teach English, and unsatisfactory English education. They expressed that the cost for English education was a burden on the family to some extent.

The Development of Competence in Rational Counting, Addition and Subtraction in Three-, Four- and Five-Year-Old Children (3, 4, 5세 유아의 합리적인 수세기, 더하기, 빼기 능력 발달에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Eun Soo;Kim, Eun Jung;Kim, So Hyang
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.23-37
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    • 1993
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the development of rational counting, addition and subtraction competence and the correlation between competence in rational counting, addition, and subtraction in three-, four- and five-year-old children. The subjects were 156 preschoolers living in Seoul. The experimental materials consisted of a set of 20 props for rational counting, addition, and subtraction tasks. The addition and subtraction tasks each consisted of a set of 6 problems. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test, and Pearson's r. The results indicated that 1) there were significant differences in the development of competence in rational counting, addition, and subtraction by age, 2) there were no significant differences in competence in rational counting, addition, and subtraction by gender, 3) there were positively high correlations of competence rational counting, addition, and subtraction by age.

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A Study to the Acquisition of Honorific Markers by Three-, Four-, and Five-year-old Young Children (만 3.4.5세 유아의 존댓말 습득에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jin-Iee;Kim, Min-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.153-166
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to examine Korean young children's acquisition of honorific expressions. The participants of the present study were 297 young children (ages 3-5 years) from Kyunggi province. The results of the study showed that young children acquire honorific markers in the order of hearer-honorific expressions, subject-honorific expressions, and then object-honorific expressions. Five-year old children acquired at least 75% of the hearer-honorific expressions. The result can be explained by the fact that most of them were used in greetings. Even though more than 90% of five-year old children acquired the subject-honorific marker si, the acquisition rates of subjecthonorific nouns and subject-honorific verbs were less than 10%. Finally, the acquisition rates of objecthonorific expressions were less than 20%, with the exception of the object-honorific noun ce. The results of the study suggest that educational programs should be developed in order to facilitate the acquisition of honorific markers in young children.

Attachment Representation and Marital Support as Predictors of a Mother's Parenting (2~3세 유아에 대한 어머니의 양육행동과 관련된 변인들 : 부모에 대한 애착표상 및 부부관계를 중심으로)

  • Park, Seong Yeon;Lim, Hee Su
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.59-72
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    • 2000
  • This study explored the contribution of mother's representation of her mother and father during early years, marital satisfaction, and husband's participation in child caring to mothers' parenting behaviors. The subjects were 253 middle-class mothers and fathers in Seoul who had 2-to 3-year-old children. The data were gathered through questionnaires developed for the current study. As predicted, marital satisfaction and husband support as well as early family experiences were significant variables in predicting positive mothering for mothers of young children. However, the most powerful predictor of mothers' parenting turned out to be marital satisfaction. It was noteworthy that mothers who experienced positive and secure relationships with their own mothers were actively involved/intimate with their children whereas mothers who had insecure relationships with their own fathers showed more authoritarian control over their children.

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