• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.441-450
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• 2013

With the recent increase in BIM orders in civil engineering, project owners are supplied with BIM-based products. Due to the lack of related guidelines, however, and the vague regulations on the creation and level of drawings as well as on the products list, many owners receive BIM-based products along with the existing 2D products. This can lead to task overlapping by designers or contractors and can cause the owners to have more data to maintain. If the existing 2D-based electronic supply system is changed to a BIM ordering system to reduce such a burden, it is necessary to examine the 2D products that can be extracted from or substituted for the BIM model so as to minimize the overlapping products. Therefore, in this study, BIM modeling of road construction projects whose enforcement plan by the Ministry of Land and Transportation has been completed was conducted, and based on the study results, the possibility of extracting 2D drawings from a total of 3,767 drawing items was determined. The results showed that 2,549 drawing items (67%) could be extracted as 2D drawings from the BIM model, and in particular, drawing items related to general connection work, earthwork, and amenities work could be most effectively substituted. The results of this study can be used as the base data for reducing the number of 2D drawings or substituting them in developing a BIM-based product supply system in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2016

After the 'Guidelines for the preservation of digital heritage' were published by UNESCO, interests in the fabrication of digital cultural heritage have been increasing throughout the world. The present study was intended to fabricate digital cultural heritages for existing cultural properties using the reverse engineering technology and obtain two-dimensional drawings. Jinju Castle Gongbukmun, which is a cultural property, was selected as a study subject and 3D modeling of Jinju Castle Gongbukmun was conducted by implementing 3D scanning and processing the point cloud data. Using the Gongbukmun 3D model (3D-Gongbukmun) made as such, requirements as a digital heritage were reviewed and 2D drawings of Gongbukmun such as front views, ground plans, and side views could be prepared.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.68-69
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• 2018

The construction drawing is a collection of knowledge that has accumulated knowledge and experience of designers and is highly valuable for recycling in the future. BIM is a process and technology that acquires and manages the information needed for the whole life cycle of a building. In order to recycle digitalized 2D drawings in BIM Tool, it is required to use 3D information based on the drawing information to save and reuse them, but there is little research on related methods or system development. In this study, 3D elements are created based on 2D drawing information, and libraries are constructed, and BIM Tool is used to improve the recyclability of drawing information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.426-431
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• 1997

Features are well recognized to play an important role for the integration of ACD and CAPP. Majority of pervious works for the feature recognition for prismatic part is based on 3D solid model. But in real factories, 2D drawing are used more than 3D drawings. In this paper, we develope an algorithm of the feature recognition on prismatic parts in 2D drawings, using by the graph method and the heuristic algorithm. Previous algorithms have some conflicts at feature interaction. In this paper, elements are grouped into connection by the graph method. Then features are recognized by using these grouped elements and their relationships of front and side-view. For resolving the problem of feature interaction, the element graphs are modified by an deloped algorithm. This algorithm is applied to a CAPP system for milling process planning.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.573-577
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• 2009

최근 건설업계에서는 3D객체기반인 Building Information Modelling(이하 BIM)에 대해 관심이 증가하기 시작했다. 하지만 BIM도입에 어려움을 격고 있는 것이 현실이며 특히 전통적인 정보교환 방식에서의 BIM을 적용하는데 가장 큰 어려움을 격고 있다. 현재 국내에 활용되는 전자도면 표준지침에는 BIM도입에 필요한 2D표준에 대한 내용은 없으며, BIM소프트웨어들도 이 부분에 대해서 충분히 커스터마이징 되지 않았다. 이는 BIM과도기에 2D도면의 필요성을 인식한다면 원할한 BIM도입을 위해서 반드시 그 대안이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내 BIM 도입 시 국내 2D 전자도면표준을 고려한 BIM 모델에서의 원할한 2D도면추출에 대해 Template을 활용하는 방안을 제안하였다. 도면표준의 기준은 "건설CALS/EC 전자도면 작성 표준"에 근거 하여 표현기준 및 데이터 작성기준을 Template파일에 적용 시켰으며, 이 후 실험을 통해 BIM 도입 시 효율적인 도면 생산의 가능성을 확인 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

A method for generating 3D solid models and drawings for a rotor in the steam turbine is proposed. One of the most important design steps is generating the drawing for manufacturing it. This step is a very routine and time-consuming job because each drawing is composed of several kinds of views and many dimensions. To achieve automation for this activity, rotor profiles are composed of 2D entity groups with attributes. Based on this, the improved design process is developed as follows. First, the rotor profiles can be selected by searching for 2D entity groups using the related attributes. Second, the profiles are connected sequentially so that an entire rotor profile is determined. The completed profile is used to generate 2D drawings automatically, especially views, dimensions, and 3D models. The proposed method is implemented using a commercial CAD/CAM system, Unigraphics, and API functions written in C-language and applied to the rotor of steam turbines. Some illustrative examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-177
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• 2019

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase is the main contributor to the total lifecycle cost of a building. Previous studies have described that Building Information Models (BIM), if available with detailed asset information and their properties, can enable rapid troubleshooting and execution of O&M tasks by providing the required information of the facility. Despite the potential benefits, there is still rarely BIM with Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) assets and properties that are available for O&M. BIM is usually not in possession for existing buildings and generating BIM manually is a time-consuming process. Hence, there is a need for an automated approach that can reconstruct the MEP systems in BIM. Previous studies investigated automatic reconstruction of BIM using architectural drawings, structural drawings, or the combination with photos. But most of the previous studies are limited to reconstruct the architectural and structural components. Note that mechanical components in the building typically require more frequent maintenance than architectural or structural components. However, the building mechanical drawings are relatively more complex due to various type of symbols that are used to represent the mechanical systems. In order to address this challenge, this paper proposed a symbol recognition framework that can automatically recognize the different type of symbols in the building mechanical drawings. This study applied vector-based computer vision techniques to recognize the symbols and their properties (e.g., location, type, etc.) in two vector-based input documents: 2D drawings and the symbol description document. The framework not only enables recognizing and locating the mechanical component of interest for BIM reconstruction purpose but opens the possibility of merging the updated information into the current BIM in the future reducing the time of repeated manual creation of BIM after every renovation project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.53-54
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• 2023

Because irregular shaped buildings are designed with various three-dimensional curves, the difficulty of design and construction is very high, and more construction drawings are needed to reduce construction errors. General 2D drawings may have limitations in conveying the information necessary for construction. By utilizing BIM, it is possible to three-dimensionally design parts that are not expressed on 2D drawings and additional structurall components required for the construction of the curved exterior finishing materials. This study examines the necessity of BIM at the construction stage, its performance through it, and how it can be linked to smart construction technology through construction BIM being applied to the new construction site of Sejong-Pocheon Line Cheoin Rest Area.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1067-1074
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• 2022

An architect creates his/her design to meet owner's requirements. Floor plans, perspective drawings, and scale models are used in order for the owner to choose the design. The tools are a little helpful for communication between the architect and the owner in case the owner does not know architecture. The scale models are good, but it is hard to make scale models while design is in progress. 3D CAD is a good tool for communication, but it is time-consuming and requires high-performance computer hardware. Augmented reality is able to show 3D virtual models that are updated by the architect with smart devices such as a smart phone and a tablet PC. The owner frequently reviews the updated design anytime anywhere. This study proposes a method to use augmented reality for architectural design and construction management. The method supports the communication between the owner, the architect and the contractor to review updated designs, and to complete the building project. 3D models expressed in augmented reality are created using SketchUp with 2D drawings for building construction. An Android application implementing augmented reality is developed by Qualcomm Vuforia and Unity on smart devices. Drawings as markers and 3D models are connected in Unity. And functions that temporarily hide unnecessary parts can be implemented in C# programming language. If an owner, an architect, or a contractor looks at a smart phone on a 2D drawing, he/she can identify building elements such as 3D buildings or columns on a screen. This can help communication between them.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.701-708
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• 2017

The construction cost is estimated based on the drawings at the design stage and constructor will find efficient construction methods for budgeting and budgeting appropriate to the budget. Accurate quantity estimation and budgeting are critical to determining whether the project is profitable or not. However, since this process is mostly performed depending on manpower or 2D drawings, errors are likely to occur and The BIM(Build Information Modeling) program, which can be automated, is very expensive and difficult to apply in the field. In this study, 3D architectural modeling was performed using SketchUp which is a 3D modeling software and suggest a methodology for Quantity Estimation. As a result, 3D modeling was performed effectively using 2D drawings of buildings. Based on the modeling results, it was possible to calculate the difference of the quantity estimation by 2D drawing and 3D modeling. The research suggests that the 3D modeling using the SketchUp and the calculation of the quantity can prevent the error of the conventional 2D calculation method. If the applicability of the research method is verified through continuous research, it will contribute to increase the efficiency of architectural modeling and quantity Estimation work.