• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

We present a micromechanical digital-to-analog (DA) variable capacitor using a parallel digital actuator array, capable of accomplishing high-Q tuning. The present DA variable capacitor uses a parallel interconnection of digital actuators, thus achieving a low resistive structure. Based on the criteria for capacitance range ($0.348{\sim}1.932$ pF) and the actuation voltage (25 V), the present parallel DA variable capacitor is estimated to have a quality factor 2.0 times higher than the previous serial-parallel DA variable capacitor. In the experimental study, the parallel DA variable capacitor changes the total capacitance from 2.268 to 3.973 pF (0.5 GHz), 2.384 to 4.197 pF (1.0 GHz), and 2.773 to 4.826 pF (2.5 GHz), thus achieving tuning ratios of 75.2%, 76.1%, and 74.0%, respectively. The capacitance precisions are measured to be $6.16{\pm}4.24$ fF (0.5 GHz), $7.42{\pm}5.48$ fF (1.0 GHz), and $9.56{\pm}5.63$ fF (2.5 GHz). The parallel DA variable capacitor shows the total resistance of $2.97{\pm}0.29\;{\Omega}$ (0.5 GHz), $3.01{\pm}0.42\;{\Omega}$ (1.0 GHz), and $4.32{\pm}0.66\;{\Omega}$ (2.5 GHz), resulting in high quality factors which are measured to be $33.7{\pm}7.8$ (0.5 GHz), $18.5{\pm}4.9$ (1.0 GHz), and $4.3{\pm}1.4$ (2.5 GHz) for large capacitance values ($2.268{\sim}4.826$ pF). We experimentally verify the high-Q tuning capability of the present parallel DA variable capacitor, while achieving high-precision capacitance adjustments.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.490-495
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• 2016

In the present study, a microstrip-fed monopole antenna is proposed for wireless local area network (WLAN) operations which cover dual band of 2.4 GHz (2.4 ~ 2.484 GHz) and 5 GHz (5.15 ~ 5.825 GHz). In order to obtain its compact structure and good omnidirectional radiation patterns, a modified inverted L-shaped slot separated from ground for impedance matching in 5 GHz band is etched on 2.4 GHz printed monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is designed and fabricated on a FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.3, thickness of 1.6 mm, and size of $30{\times}45mm^2$. The measured impedance bandwidths (${\mid}S_{11}{\mid}{\leq}-10dB$) of fabricated antenna are 270 MHz (2.22 ~ 2.48 GHz) in 2.4 GHz band and 890 MHz (5.08 ~ 5.97 GHz) in 5 GHz band respectively. In particular, high gain of more than about 4 dBi and good omnidirectional radiation patterns have been observed over the entire frequency band of interest.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.52-57
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• 2006

This research studies and analyzes the current trends and the frequency allocation bands for digital cordless phone(DCP) in other county. From these results, we propose 1.7GHz & 2.4GHz as a effective candidate frequency band for domestic DCP. A proposed 1.7GHz is expected to introduce DECT system of Europe. Therefore it is necessary to make an analysis of interference between 1.7GHz band and an adjacent IMT-2000 band. In this paper, we proposed the allocation of channel for 1.7GHz on the basis of the analysis of frequency interference between 1.7GHz band and an adjacent IMT-2000 band.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.60-67
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• 2007

This research studies and analyzes the current trends and the frequency allocation bands for digital cordless phone(DCP) in other country. From these results, we propose 1.7GHz & 2.4GHz as a effective candidate frequency band for domestic DCP. A proposed 1.7GHz is expected to introduce DECT system of Europe. Therefore it is necessary to make an analysis of interference between 1.7GHz band and an adjacent IMT-2000 band. In this paper, we proposed the allocation of channel for 1.7GHz on the basis of the analysis of frequency interference between 1.7GHz band and an adjacent IMT-2000 band.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.281-286
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• 2007

In this paper, sub-circuits for 24 GHz phase locked 100ps(PLLs) using $0.5{\mu}m$ SiGe HBT are presented. They are 24 Ghz voltage controlled oscillator(VCO), 24 GHz to 12 GHz regenerative frequency divider(RFD) and 12 GHz to 1.5 GHz static frequency divider. $0.5{\mu}m$ SiGe HBT technology, which offers transistors with 90 GHz fMAX and 3 aluminum metal layers, is employed. The 24 GHz VCO employed series feedback topology for high frequency operation and showed -1.8 to -3.8 dBm output power within tuning range from 23.2 GHz to 26 GHz. The 24 GHz to 12 GHz RFD, based on Gilbert cell mixer, showed 1.2 GHz bandwidth around 24 GHz under 2 dBm input and consumes 44 mA from 3 V power supply including I/O buffers for measurement. ECL based static divider operated up to 12.5 GHz while generating divide by 8 output frequency. The static divider drains 22 mA from 3 V power supply.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.148-150
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• 2002

In this paper, a 5-coupled BPF with teflon substrate is presented. In general, for less than 1 GHz frequency, the narrow bandwidth as well as the good characteristic in the rejection frequency band could be realized using lumped elements. However, for higher than 1 GHz frequency, the distributed elements such as microstrip lines need to be used for the design of the desired BPF For less than 2 GHz, the FR4 shows good filter characteristic at low cost. However, in the range of 2 GHz ~ 10 GHz, the filters with FR4 show a big difference between simulation and measurement results. Thus, in such a high frequency region, the teflon is more preferred to the FR4. The center frequency (fc) of the proposed filter is 2.3 GHz, the insertin loss (IL) is 1.2 dB, the return loss (RL) is 30 dB, bandwidth (BW) is 100 MHz, and the size is 8.3 cm $\times$ 4.9 cm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.807-815
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• 2019

In this paper, we design a power amplifier to support quad-band in wireless communication devices using RF CMOS 180-nm process. The proposed power amplifier consists of low-band 0.9, 1.8, and 2.4 GHz and high-band 5 GHz. We proposed a structure that can support each input matching network without using a switch. For maximum linear output power, the output matching network was designed for impedance conversion to the power matching point. The fabricated quad-band power amplifier was verified using modulation signals. The long-term evolution(LTE) 10 MHz modulated signal was used for 0.9 and 1.8 GHz, and the measured output power is 23.55 and 24.23 dBm, respectively. The LTE 20 MHz modulated signal was used for 1.8 GHz, and the measured output power is 22.24 dBm. The wireless local area network(WLAN) 802.11n modulated signal was used for 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz. We obtain maximum linear output power of 20.58 dBm at 2.4 GHz and 17.7 dBm at 5.0 GHz.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.849-852
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• 2007

In this paper, the high gain and the broadband microstrip patch antenna, which is applicable to 5 GHz band wireless LAN, is designed in order to integrate IEEE 802.11a's detailed standards($a:5.15{\sim}5.25$, $b:5.25{\sim}5.35$, $c:5.725{\sim}5.875$ [GHz]). Designed patch antenna has settled resonance frequency by insert substance(polyurethane: ${\varepsilon}_r=6.5$) between the separated parasitic patch and radiation patch for the purpose of miniaturize. And the form (${\varepsilon}_r=1.03$) were to fix the separated radiation patch and ground plans by air. Designed frequency bandwidth(VSWR 2:1) of the antenna showed broadband characteristic of $4.9[GHz]{\sim}6.1[GHz]$ to about 1.2[GHz]. Also the E-plan and H-plan profit 12[dBi] above, the 3[dB] beamwidth showed the characteristic over the E-plan $30^{\circ}$ and H-plan $60^{\circ}$ to be improved.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.449-455
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• 2018

For the size reduction, we propose a microstrip-fed monopole antenna with half X-slot in the radiation patch and cover WLAN dual band 2.4 GHz band (2.4 ~ 2.484 GHz) and 5 GHz band (5.15 ~ 5.825 GHz). The frequency characteristics such as impedance bandwidth and resonant frequencies were satisfied by optimizing the numerical values of various parameters, while the reflection loss in 5 GHz was improved by using defected ground structure (DGS). The proposed antenna is designed and fabricated on a FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.3, thickness of 1.6 mm, and size of $24{\times}41mm^2$. The measured impedance bandwidths (${\mid}S_{11}{\mid}{\leq}-10dB$) of fabricated antenna are 450 MHz (2.27 ~ 2.72 GHz) in 2.4 GHz band and 1340 MHz (4.79 ~ 6.13 GHz) in 5 GHz band which sufficiently satisfied with the IEEE 802. 11n standard in dual band. In particular, radiation patterns which are stable as well as relatively omni-direction could be obtained, and the gain of antennas in each band was 1.31 and 1.98 dBi respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.740-747
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• 2019

In this paper, an antenna applicable to WLAN and WiMAX frequency bands is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna is designed to have two branch strip line in the patch plane and a rectangular slit in the ground plane based on microstrip feeding for triple band characteristics and added a vertical strip in the ground plane to enhance impedance bandwidth characteristics. The proposed antenna is designed on a substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4, a thickness of 1.0 mm, and has a size of $18.0mm(W1){\times}37.3mm$ (L4+L5+L7). From the fabricated and measured results, impedance bandwidths of 480 MHz (2.32 to 2.80 GHz) for 2.4/2.5 GHz band, 810 MHz (3.22 to 4.03 GHz) for 3.5 GHz band, and 1,820 MHz (5.05 to 6.87 GHz) for 5.0 GHz band were obtained based on the impedance bandwidth. Measured 3D pattern and gains are displayed.