• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2005

E.faecium MJ-14가 생산하는 박테리오신 30 BU/ML 처리에 의해 L. monocytogepes 균수는 0.6 log unit 감소 되었으나, 박테리오신 (30 BU/mL $65^{\circ}C$, 5분간 가열처리와 병용한 경우에는 약 2.7 log unit가 감소하였다. 박테리오신 30 BU/mL와 itric acid혹은 acetic acid $0.5\%$를 병용 처리한 경우에는 24시간 만에 초기균수가 각각 약 2 log unit와 3 log unit감소하였다. 박테리오신 30 BU/mL와 NaCl $8\%$를 병용 처리했을 때에는 박테리오신 단독 처리구보다 약 1 log unit더 감소되었다. 또한, 박테리오신 30 BU/mL단독 처리했을 때에 비해 sodium benzoate $500{\mu}g/mL$혹은 sodium lactate $1000{\mu}g/mL$와 각각 병용 처리하면 2 log unit가 더 감소되었으며, sodium nitrate $100{\mu}g/mL$와 potassium nitrate $100{\mu}g/mL$와의 병용 처리한 경우 박테리오신 단독 처리구에 비해 각각 3.5 log unit와 2 log unit이상 더 감소하였다. 한편, 탈지유에 E. faecium MJ-14의 박테리오신 300 BU/mL을 첨가한 경우 $4^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 만에 L. monocytogenes의 균수는 대조구에 비해 각각 약 1.5 log unit감소되었으며,돈육에 첨가한 경우 $-20^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 만에 대조구보다 약 2 log unit의 감소효과가 나타났다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.475-484
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• 2006

In order to reveal the vertical variation of physical properties in deep-sea sediments, deep-sea sediment cores were collected at 78 stations using a multiple corer in the KR5 area, one of the Korea contract areas for manganese nodule exploration, located in the northeast equatorial Pacific. Based on the color of sediments, sampled sediment cores were characterized into three lithologic units (unit 1,2, and 3). In all sediment cores, three units appear systematically; unit 1 lies at the top of cores and unit 2 and/or unit 3 appear to underlie unit 1 or alternate with unit 3. Unit 1 layer from the top of cores shows dark grayish brown to dark brown with mean thickness of 10.2cm. Unit 2 and 3 layers show very dark brown to black color and yellowish brown to brown color, respectively. According to the physical properties of the deep-sea sediment cores, sediment column can be divided into three sections. Section A $(0{\sim}15cm)$ in subbottom depth consists mostly of unit 1. Mean values of physical properties of section B $(15{\sim}30cm)$ in subbottom depth are similar to those of section C (>30 cm) in subbottom depth. However, the physical properties of section B were more variable than those of section C because of the high activity of bioturbation in section B. These results will provide valuable information for selecting suitable sites for mining manganese nodules in the Korea contract areas.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.46-60
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• 2003

In Namyang Bay of western Korea, macrotidal-flat deposits are divisible into three late Quaternary units: Unit M1 of upper marine mud, Unit T1 of middle siderite-bearing terrestrial clay, and Unit M2 of lower marine mud. Unit M1 represents typical Holocene intertidal mudflat deposits, showing a coarsening-upward textural trend. It probably resulted from the continual retrogradation of tidal flat during the mid-to-late Holocene sea-level rise. Reddish brown-color Unit T1 consists of homogeneous clay with abundant freshwater siderite grains and plant remains. Unit T1 is clearly separated from the overlying Unit M1 by a sharp lithologic boundary. Radiocarbon age, siderite grains and lithologic features indicate that Unit T1 is originated from freshwater bog or swamp deposition infilling the localized topographic lows during the early Holocene age. Overlain unconformably by early Holocene swamp clay, Unit M2 is orange to yellow in color and mottled, suggesting significant degree of weathering during the sea-level lowstand. Such subaerial oxidation is confirmed in the vertical profiles of geotechnical properties, clay mineral assemblages and magnetic susceptibility. Unit M2 appears to be correlated with the upper part of the late Pleistocene tidal deposits developed along the western Korean coast. The sedimentary succession of the Namyang-Bay tidal-flat deposit provides stratigraphic information for the Holocene-late Pleistocene unconformity and also permits an assessment of the preservation potential of the late Pleistocene marginal marine deposit along the western coast of Korea.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2020

Breast metastases of extramammary malignant neoplasms are rare, with an incidence of 0.3%-2.7% among all malignant mammary tumors. Breast metastases from gastric carcinoma are very rare (<0.1%), and this event is even rarer during pregnancy. Herein, we describe a 39-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of an Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) that was characterized by prominent tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Three years after undergoing radical surgery, the patient developed bilateral breast nodules during her pregnancy. A breast biopsy was performed, and histology confirmed a diagnosis of EBVaGC; tumor cells showed positivity for cytokeratin 8/18 and E-cadherin, and negativity for cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 5/6, caudal type homebox 2, androgen receptor, mammaglobin, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15, and estrogen and progesterone receptors. We also discuss the main diagnostic pitfalls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an EBVaGC with lymphoid stroma that developed breast metastases during pregnancy.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.17-40
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• 1997

The purpose of this descriptive, correlational study was to identify, describe the patterns of nursing unit culture, nursing performance, job satisfaction and turnover intention in the hospital setting, and to analyze the relationships between nursing unit culture, nursing performance, job satisfaction and turnover intention among the characteristic of the subjects The subject consisted of 223 nurses who were employed in medical & surgical units of 3 different University hospitals in Seoul. Data collection was done in November, 1996 by means of questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the questionnaire based on the Nursing unit cultural assessment tool developed by Coeling(1993), Nursing performance scale used by Yoon(1991), Job satisfaction scale developed by Slavitt, et al.(1978) and Turnover intention scale used by Lee(1995). The data were analyzed by percentage distribution. Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA. The summarized results were as follows: 1. There was significant differences in the nursing unit culture between individual cultural behavior and group cultural behavior. 2. There was positive correlation between nursing unit culture, nursing performance and job satisfaction. 3. There was negative correlation between nursing unit culture and turnover intention. 4. There was significant difference in nursing performance efficiency according to the age, educational level, professional carrier in the nursing unit, in the hospital. 5. There was significant difference in turnover intention according to the age, educational level. According to these results, the following implications can be made ; 1. It needs to study on the nursing unit culture in other size hospitals and compare them to these results. 2. It is necessary to assess nursing unit culture and endeaveor good climate for the nursing organizational outcomes and prepare the training course of leadership of nurse manager. 3. In nursing administration, there should be an emphasis on assessment of staff nurses' cultural behavior in case of nurses' orientation, allocation, recruitment, continuning education, so that staff nurses' performance and job satisfaction will be increased and trunover intention will be decreased.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2010

Since collective houses are started to be supplied, the housing market has been transformed from supplier to demander oriented, and various type with same area of unit households have been deigned and started to be distributed. It can be expected that such transfer phenomenon would be continuously sped-up, and unit household will be more subdivided and varied. Thus, we analysed and studied the planes with subject of unit households in national housing scale ($85m^2$) that is treated as supply standard and has biggest volume in construction by Korean housing corporation. The analysing method is investigating the area of each room within unit household, calculating their minimum, maximum, and average values, studying the efficiency of unit household plane according to the structure of each room by comparative analysis these values, and analysing changing matter by investigating any change of each room area. The analysing results of which are followings. At first, number of BAY on face is increasing. Second, allocation of each room has been vary. Third, area ratio among bedroom1, livingroom, diningroom/kitchen become similar. Fourth, the area of diningroom/kitchen become somewhat bigger. Fifth, the space for passage way is efficiently allocated. Sixth, service area is reduced, Seventh, stereotyped phenomenon Is appeared. Based on many studies so far, any improvements of unit householder in national housing scale are followings. First, in terms of forming style, unit householder in national housing scale is unfolded in various way though, the form of each room is not more than typical style. Second, it shows stereotyped phenomenon. Especially, bathroom 1, 2 show stereotyped feature in terms of their type and area across entire research years, also LDK allocation method is stereotyped, as well as stereotyped trend in bedroom 2, 3, allocation for 4 BAY type.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2002

동아의 단백질 가수분해효소 활성은 익은 동아 육질은 0.19 unit/0.5ml, 어린 동아 육질은 0.56unit, 익은 동아속은 24.35unit, 어린 동아속은 0.35unit이었다. 생고기에 대한 활성은 익은 동아 육질은 생쇠고기에 대해서는 13.0unit, 생돼지고기에 대해서는 7.4unit를 나타냈고, 동아속은 생쇠고기에 대해서는 30.2unit, 생돼지고기에 대해서는 24.5unit를 나타냈다. 단백질 가수 분해효소의 열 안정성은 각 온도별에서 10분간 가열한 다음 7$0^{\circ}C$까지는 안정하였고, 8$0^{\circ}C$에서는 21%의 활성만 남고, 9$0^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 활성을 잃었다. 분광광도 스펙트럼 결과는280nm에서의 단백질 피크가 주이고, 다른 흡광성 물질은 없었다. HPLC분석 결과, 익은 동아와 어린 동아 육질과 속은 모두 단백질 가수분해효소 작용으로 casein을 작은 분자로 가수분해하였다. 1/10로 희석한 것은 카제인이 가수분해된 것과, 엉겨서 분자량이 커진 것 두 가지인데 반해 1/10희석한 익은 동아속은 분자량이 커진 것은 나타나지 않았다. 그리고, 1/10 희석한 것은 원액을 사용한 것과 모습이 다르지만 익은 동아속은 원액과 패턴이 같았다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.633-636
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• 1997

In the course of searching for PAF receptor antagonists, pregomisin (1) and chamigrenal (2) were isolated from the fruits of Schizandra chinensis Baill by the bioactivity-guided isolation. Both compounds showed PAF antagonistic activity and the $IC_{50}$ values were $4.8{\times}10^{-5} M and 1.2{\times}10^{-4}M,$ respectively. In addition, the $^{13}C$ NMR assignments of 1 and 2 using DEPT, HMQC, COLOC and HMBC were reported for the first time.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1998

In this paper, we study an (n ＋ 1)-dimensional compact, orientable, minimal contact CR-submanifold of (n - 1) ontact CR-dimension in a (2m ＋ 1)-dimensional unit sphere $S^{2m＋1}$ in terms of integral formula.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.375-384
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• 2016

In this paper, we study the pseudo-symmetry of unit tangent sphere bundle. We prove that if the unit tangent sphere bundle $T_1M$ with standard contact metric structure over a locally symmetric $M^n$, $n{\geq}3$ is pseudo-symmetric, then M is of constant curvature.