Bilateral Breast Metastases from Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer during Pregnancy: Is There a Method to Its Madness? |
Quaquarini, Erica
(Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri SpA SB)
Vanoli, Alessandro (Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia) Frascaroli, Mara (Translational Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri SpA SB) Viglio, Alessandra (Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation) Lucioni, Marco (Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation) Presti, Daniele (Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri SpA SB) Lobascio, Gessica (Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia) Pietrabissa, Andrea (Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Unit of General Surgery 2, University of Pavia and IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation) Bernardo, Antonio (Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri SpA SB) Paulli, Marco (Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia) |
1 | DeLair DF, Corben AD, Catalano JP, Vallejo CE, Brogi E, Tan LK. Non-mammary metastases to the breast and axilla: a study of 85 cases. Mod Pathol 2013;26:343-349. DOI |
2 | Ali RH, Taraboanta C, Mohammad T, Hayes MM, Ionescu DN. Metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma a mimic of primary breast carcinoma-case series and literature review. Virchows Arch 2018;472:771-777. DOI |
3 | Alva S, Shetty-Alva N. An update of tumor metastasis to the breast data. Arch Surg 1999;134:450. DOI |
4 | Ma Y, Liu W, Li J, Xu Y, Wang H. Gastric cancer with breast metastasis: Clinical features and prognostic factors. Oncol Lett 2018;16:5565-5574. |
5 | Amin MB, ed. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th ed. Chicago (IL): Springer, 2017:207-220. |
6 | Lauwers GY, Carneiro F, Craham DY. Gastric carcinoma. In: Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System. Lyon: IARC Press, 2010:45-58. |
7 | Bartley AN, Washington MK, Ventura CB, Ismaila N, Colasacco C, Benson AB 3rd, et al. HER2 testing and clinical decision making in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: guideline from the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016;140:1345-1363. DOI |
8 | Hissong E, Ramrattan G, Zhang P, Zhou XK, Young G, Klimstra DS, et al. Gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma. An evaluation of the histopathologic and molecular features. Am J Surg Pathol 2018;42:453-462. DOI |
9 | Camargo MC, Kim WH, Chiaravalli AM, Kim KM, Corvalan AH, Matsuo K, et al. Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein-Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis. Gut 2014;63:236-243. DOI |
10 | Vanoli A, Di Sabatino A, Martino M, Dallera E, Furlan D, Mescoli C, et al. Epstein-Barr virus-positive ileal carcinomas associated with Crohn's disease. Virchows Arch 2017;471:549-552. DOI |
11 | Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinoma. Nature 2014;513:202-209. DOI |
12 | Saito R, Abe H, Kunita A, Yamashita H, Seto Y, Fukayama M. Overexpression and gene amplification of PD-L1 in cancer cells and PD-L1+ immune cells in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: the prognostic implications. Mod Pathol 2017;30:427-439. DOI |
13 | De Rosa S, Sahnane N, Tibiletti MG, Magnoli F, Vanoli A, Sessa F, et al. EBV+ and MSI gastric cancers harbor high PD-L1/PD-1 expression and high CD8+ intratumoral lymphocytes. Cancers (Basel) 2018;10:E102. |
14 | Nayar M, Chandra M, Aggarwal R, Chander S. Carcinoma cervix presenting as primary breast malignancy. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 1987;30:283-286. |
15 | Jayi S, Fatemi H, Laabadi K, Bouguern H, Chaara H, Laamarti A, et al. Breast metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma associated with a pregnancy of 32 weeks of gestation: about a rare case. Pan Afr Med J 2013;15:116-122. |
16 | Hirano N, Tsukamoto T, Mizoshita T, Koriyama C, Akiba S, Campos F, et al. Down regulation of gastric and intestinal phenotypic expression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated stomach cancers. Histol Histopathol 2007;22:641-649. |
17 | Song MJ, Park YS, Song HJ, Park SJ, Ahn JY, Choi KD, et al. Prognosis of pregnancy-associated gastric cancer: and age-, sex-, and stage-matched case-control study. Gut Liver 2016;10:731-738. DOI |
18 | Peccatori FA, Azim HA Jr, Orecchia R, Hoekstra HJ, Pavlidis N, Kesic V, et al. Cancer, pregnancy and fertility: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2013;24 Suppl 6:vi160-vi170. DOI |
19 | Al-Ibrahim A, Parrish J, Dunn E, Swallow C, Maxwell C. Pregnancy and maternal outcomes in women with prior or current gastrointestinal malignancies. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2014;36:34-41. DOI |
20 | Saito M, Okayama H, Saito K, Ando J, Kumamoto K, Nakamura I, et al. CDX2 is involved in microRNA-associated inflammatory carcinogenesis in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2017;14:6184-6190. |
21 | Shet T, Pai T, Shetty O, Desai S. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of breast-evaluation for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA, human papillomavirus, and markers of basal cell differentiation. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016;25:42-47. DOI |
22 | Lakhani SR, Ellis IO, Schnitt SJ, Tan PH, Van de Vijver MJ. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast. Lyon: IARC Press, 2012:46-47. |
23 | Glaser SL, Hsu JL, Gulley ML. Epstein-Barr virus and breast cancer: state of the evidence for viral carcinogenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:688-697. |
24 | Williams SA, Ehlers RA 2nd, Hunt KK, Yi M, Kuerer HM, Singletary SE, et al. Metastases to the breast from nonbreast solid neoplasms: presentation and determinants of survival. Cancer 2007;110:731-737. DOI |
25 | Buisman FE, van Gelder L, Menke-Pluijmers MB, Bisschops BH, Plaisier PW, Westenend PJ. Non-primary breast malignancies: a single institution's experience of a diagnostic challenge with important therapeutic consequences-a retrospective study. World J Surg Oncol 2016;14:166. DOI |
26 | Lee SK, Kim WW, Kim SH, Hur SM, Kim S, Choi JH, et al. Characteristics of metastasis in the breast from extramammary malignancies. J Surg Oncol 2010;101:137-140. DOI |
27 | Georgiannos SN, Chin J, Goode AW, Sheaff M. Secondary neoplasms of the breast: a survey of the 20th Century. Cancer 2001;92:2259-2266. DOI |
28 | Sun P, Chen J, Lu J, Luo R, Li M, He J. Characteristics of breast metastases from non-breast solid tumors in 22 patients from a southern Chinese population. Oncol Lett 2018;15:3685-3693. |
![]() |