• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 1990년도 학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.34-44
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• 1990

This study aimed to provide a basic data for presenting an appropriate plan of bathroom space which is suitable to our bathing behavior. We analized 1052 of small-sized apartment housing floor plans and the results were as follows. 1. Bathroom space were classified into 5 types : bath unit type, separated type, deficisncy type, over bath unit type, and semiseparated type and there was no separated type in this study. 2. The bathroom space type according to the size of housing 1) Deficiency type was the most popular one in 10-15 pyung sized housing. 2) In the size of 16-20 pyung housing, deficiency and bath unit type were popular ones. 3) Bath unit type was the most generalized one in 21-30 pyung. 4) Bath unit type and over unit type were generally equipped in 31-34 pyung housing. 3. The size of bathroom was ranged from 0.7 pyung to 2.0 pyung, and the ratio of it was 7.5- 12%.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of floor plan of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and 3-bay and the residents' satisfaction with them. The subjects for analyzing floor plan were six floor plans of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and nine floor plans of housing units with 3-bay in the new town, Hwamyeong-dong, in Busan. The floor plans were analyzed based on seven characteristics of floor plans such as the composition type of entrance core hall, the entrance arrangement, width and depth of the housing unit, size of each room, LDK arrangement, arrangement of family bathroom and private bathroom for husband and wife, and balcony arrangement. The subjects for grasping satisfaction with each housing unit were 400 residents of $85m^2$-sized housing units. A half of them lived in housing units with 2-bay and another half of them with 3-bay in the same area. They answered about the degree of satisfaction with the characteristics of each room and the preferred floor plan type if they move to the same size housing units through a questionnaire. The results were as follows; First, the floor plan with 3-bay had more diverse elements than one with 2-bay. Second, the residents who lived in 3-bay housing unit were younger, higher education, and higher income than the ones in 2-bay. Third, the residents who lived in $85m^2$-sized housing unit were more satisfied with and preferred to 3-bay housing units than 2-bay one.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제38호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was provide basic data for homemakers' housing notion according to unit size in apartment. This study was conducted by questionnaires that concerning about middle class homemakers whom they lived in Bundang. The results of this study were as follows; 1) In research on the homemakers' general quality, 20pyung unit size was alike 30pyung unit size and 40pyung unit size was similar to 50pyung unit size. 2) Homemakers' perception according to unit size in apartment was various; (a) 20pyungㆍ30pyung unit size-effective household space for husbands' participation, more sports facilities, parking lot space etc. (b) 40pyungㆍ50pyung unit size-homemakers' individual room, ordering and variable unit plan etc. 3) In research on the homemakers' needs, each of unit size was analogous to storage, common facility, new design and new housing form etc.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2003

한반도 동해 중부 해안에 위치한 강원도 고성군 문암리 신석기 유적지의 퇴적층의 퇴적환경은 퇴적물의 입도 특성과 광물 조성에 의하여 세 개의 퇴적층서 단위(Unit)로 구분되었다. 최하위 퇴적 층서 단위인 Uint 3은 하부의 사질층(S)과 상부의 니사질층(mS)으로 세분된다. 이 퇴적층은 해안 사구 모래가 퇴적된 후, 토양화 과정에 의해 소량의 니질(mud)을 함유하는 것으로 해석된다. Unit 3을 피복하는 Unit 2는 신석기 유물이 출토되며, 사층리 구조를 보이는 퇴적층으로 다시 하부의 니사질층(mS)과 상부의 사질층(S)으로 구분된다. 전체적으로 Unit 2 퇴적층은 해빈으로부터 바람에 의해 운반ㆍ퇴적된 전형적인 해안 사구(coastal dune) 퇴적층으로 해석된다. 최상위 퇴적층서 단위인 Unit 1은 역사질층(gS)으로 잔자갈이 함유되어 하부의 퇴적층보다 조립하며, 분급도 불량하다. 이 퇴적층은 해안사구 층으로 현재의 지표 유수와 식물의 영향을 받아 토양화 과정을 나타내는 것으로 해석된다. 이 문암리 유적지 사구층의 형성 연대는 기존의 해수면 변동 연구와 신석기 유물의 연대 분석 결과로 미루어 보아 현세 중기(middle Holocene, 약 7,800∼6,500 yr BP) 전후인 것으로 해석된다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 Proceedings ICPE 98 1998 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.950-954
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• 1998

This paper describes a development of traction unit for 2-motor driven electric vehicle (EV). The traction unit is consisted with an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), a reduction gear and an inverter for electric vehicle that is driven by 2 motors without differential gear. For traction unit, prototype IPMSM and inverter have been developed. The IPMSM was designed by CAD program that was developed with both equivalent circuit method and FEM. Also the inverter was developed to drive 2 motors with 6 legs IGBT switches in a control board. The vector control algorithm was implemented with maximum torque control method in the constant torque region and field weakening control method in the constant power region considering inverter capacity. To verify that the traction unit is more high efficiency and has more high power density than a traction unit with induction motor with the same power, we would like to show the results about the design and analysis of the IPMSM and the experiment results about the traction unit.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to evaluate consumer use of unit price information introduced in Korea 1999. A total of 571 observations were analyzed by frequency, percent, and paired t-test using SPSS. The main findings are (1) consumers use unit price information to make better purchase decisions, (2) consumers with higher than average attentiveness in purchase behavior utilize unit price information to make better buying decisions, and (3) consumers with higher than average knowledge utilize unit price information to make better buying decisions. (4) Also if either attentiveness in purchase behavior or consumer knowledge is lower than average, unit price information helped consumers make better purchase decisions. (5) However, there was no difference among those consumers with below average or above average attentiveness and knowledge.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.191-213
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• 2023

Unit distributions are frequently used in probability theory and statistics to depict meaningful variables having values between zero and one. Using convenient transformation, the unit inverse exponentiated weibull (UIEW) distribution, which is equally useful for modelling data on the unit interval, is proposed in this study. Quantile function, moments, incomplete moments, uncertainty measures, stochastic ordering, and stress-strength reliability are among the statistical properties provided for this distribution. To estimate the parameters associated to the recommended distribution, well-known estimation techniques including maximum likelihood, maximum product of spacings, least squares, weighted least squares, Cramer von Mises, Anderson-Darling, and Bayesian are utilised. Using simulated data, we compare how well the various estimators perform. According to the simulated outputs, the maximum product of spacing estimates has lower values of accuracy measures than alternative estimates in majority of situations. For two real datasets, the proposed model outperforms the beta, Kumaraswamy, unit Gompartz, unit Lomax and complementary unit weibull distributions based on various comparative indicators.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권6_3호
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• pp.1207-1219
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• 2022

「Act On Contracts To Which The State Is A Party」 stipulates that the "Construction Standard Production Rate" and "Construction Standard Unit Price" be used as the criteria for determining the estimated price of construction works performed by public institutions. In this regard, issues such as the application scope of the Construction Standard Unit Price, and the effect of budget reduction continue. However, due to the lack of quantitative data on the actual application of Construction Standard Unit Price, it is difficult to objectively evaluate various issues. In order to prepare data for objective evaluation of the Construction Standard Unit Price, this study analyzed the ripple effect of applying the Construction Standard Unit Price based on the bill of quantity. As a result of the analysis, the Construction Standard Unit Price ripple effect in the civil engineering part was 9.2%, and it was analyzed that there was a ripple effect of about 1.9% based on the civil engineering direct cost. In the construction part, the ripple effect was analyzed to be relatively high at 17%, but it was found to have a ripple effect of about 3% in the construction direct cost. Based on the total direct cost, the ripple effect was calculated as 2.2%. Based on the analysis results, it is possible to evaluate the effect of applying the Standard Market Unit Price, and it is expected to be used as basic data to solve issues. As a future study, it is necessary to additionally analyze the ripple effect by Standard Market Unit Price application range (over 10 billion, over 20 billion won, etc.) and delivery system type (comprehensive evaluation, qualification examination, technical bidding, etc.). In addition, it is necessary to study the appropriate ripple effect of the Standard Market Unit Price.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Resin-bonded bridge has been an alternative to conventional bridge, since resin-bonded bridge has many attractive advantages such as minimal tooth preparation, short chair time and low cost over conventional bridge. Unfortunately, however, it was reported that resin-bonded bridge showed high failure rate from debonding of retainer in spite of consecutive advances in preparation and materials. And it was shown that multiple abutments were more likely to fail. The majority of debonding failure was considered due to the mobility of the abutment during function. In this view, recently, modification in resin-bonded bridge design was tried. Single retainer, single pontic. 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridge was applied to clinical performance and was shown as retentive or more retentive than fixed-fixed type resin-bonded bridge. This was consistent with the results of studies in 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridges made with all ceramic, In-ceram. The purpose of this article was to overview principles of design and to analyze clinical results of 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridge in comparison with the reports of fixed-fixed resin-bonded bridge.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.910-920
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• 1990

This paper presents a method of constructing an Arithmetic Operation Unit Systems (A.O.U.S.) over Galois Field GF(2**m) for the purpose of the four arithmetical operation(addition, subtraction, multiplication and division between two elements in GF(2**mm). The proposed A.O.U.S. is constructed by following procedure. First of all, we obtained each four arithmetical operation algorithms for performing the four arithmetical operations using by mathematical properties over GF(2**m). Next, for the purpose of realizing the four arithmetical unit module (adder module, subtracter module, multiplier module and divider module), we constructed basic cells using the four arithmetical operation algorithms. Then, we realized the four Arithmetical Operation Unit Modules(A.O.U.M.) using basic cells and we constructd distributor modules for the purpose of merging A.O.U.M. with distributor modules. Finally, we constructed the A.O.U.S. over GF(2**m) by synthesizing A.O.U.M. with distributor modules. We prospect that we are able to construct an Arithmetic & Logical Operation Unit Systems (A.L.O.U.S.) if we will merge the proposed A.O.U.S. in this paper with Logical Operation Unit Systems (L.O.U.S.).