• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.621-624
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• 2003

The columns with large widths in out-of-plane direction fail showing the high nonlinearity of strain distribution. In order to predict the nonlinear behavior with reasonable accuracy in 2 dimensional analysis the material models taking this characteristic into account are indispensible. In this study equivalent softening model is developed which releases the same amount of energy at failure as that of 3-D analysis. Its validity is confirmed by comparing the analysis result with that of 3-D.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2000

In this paper, we analyzed quench characteristics of field windings using 2 dimensional analysis. The quench origin was assumed to take place at the inner most point in the mid-plane of the coil. The temperature distribution was numerically calculated on the coil cross section using FDM analysis, and was used to estimate the normal zone resistance of the coil. Finally, we obtained voltage current characteristics of the quenched winding coils.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.19-24
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• 2010

Generally, slope behavior is analyzed by 2-dimensional creep model. Creep behavior shows the deformation variation as time goes by without stress increment. Convention 2-dimensional creep analysis does not have the term of stress variation, it means creep analysis could not figure out the relationship of shear strength variation according to the stress variation and displacement. The slope weight and shear strength is directly related and interlocked to the safety variation and displacement of slope, therefore, this phenomenon could be treated and analyzed as combining the hysteresis and creep, the iteration of this process will result in the slope safety. Furthermore, the combined analysis will be the slope analysis considering shear stress, displacement and shear strength with time variation. In real case, because the variation of shear stress and strength happen at the same time, they should be changed into safety factor which is function of them. This paper shows the 3-dimensional variation of unit weight of soil with hybrid analysis considering creep and hysteresis on the seepage and drainage of rainfall, futhermore variations of shear stress and strength which make the safety factor change.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.81-86
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• 2003

This paper deals with the performance analysis and design of impulse turbine for OWC type wave energy plant. Numerical analysis was performed using a commercially-available software FLUENT. This parametric study includes the variation of several important parameters such as the number and shape of blades, hub ratio and tip clearance. Since parametric study at various flow coefficients requires considerable amount of computing tim, two-dimensional analysis was employed to find out optimum principal particulars in rather simple manner. Full three-dimensional calculation was also performed for several test cases to confirm the validity of two-dimensional approach. Up to the present stage, tentative result is well demonstrating the usefulness of 2-D analysis.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

This paper deals with the performance analysis and design of impulse turbine for owe type wave energy plant. Numerical analysis is performed using a commercial software FLUENT. This parametric study includes the variation of several important parameters, such as the number and shape of blades, hub ratio, and tip clearance. Since parametric study at various flow coefficients requires a considerable amount of computing time, two-dimensional analysis is employed to find out optimum principal particulars. Full three-dimensional calculations are also performed for several test cases, in order to confirm the validity of the two-dimensional approach. Up to the present stage, tentative results are demonstrated the usefulness of 2-D analysis.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.2991-3007
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• 2022

Two dimensional locality preserving projections (2D-LPP) is an improved algorithm of 2D image to solve the small sample size (SSS) problems which locality preserving projections (LPP) meets. It's able to find the low dimension manifold mapping that not only preserves local information but also detects manifold embedded in original data spaces. However, 2D-LPP is simple and elegant. So, inspired by the comparison experiments between two dimensional linear discriminant analysis (2D-LDA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) which indicated that matrix based methods don't always perform better even when training samples are limited, we surmise 2D-LPP may meet the same limitation as 2D-LDA and propose a novel matrix exponential method to enhance the performance of 2D-LPP. 2D-MELPP is equivalent to employing distance diffusion mapping to transform original images into a new space, and margins between labels are broadened, which is beneficial for solving classification problems. Nonetheless, the computational time complexity of 2D-MELPP is extremely high. In this paper, we replace some of matrix multiplications with multiple multiplications to save the memory cost and provide an efficient way for solving 2D-MELPP. We test it on public databases: random 3D data set, ORL, AR face database and Polyu Palmprint database and compare it with other 2D methods like 2D-LDA, 2D-LPP and 1D methods like LPP and exponential locality preserving projections (ELPP), finding it outperforms than others in recognition accuracy. We also compare different dimensions of projection vector and record the cost time on the ORL, AR face database and Polyu Palmprint database. The experiment results above proves that our advanced algorithm has a better performance on 3 independent public databases.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.1114-1119
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• 2010

This paper is concerned with an numerical analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation from randomly rough surfaces as a desert, sea surface and so on. We propose discrete ray tracing method (DRTM) for analysis of characteristics of wave propagation along one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) random rough surfaces. The point of the present method is to discretize not only rough surface but also ray tracing. This technique helps saving computer memories and does simplifying ray searching algorithm resulting in saving computation time. Numerical calculations are carried out for 1D and 2D random rough surfaces and electric field distributions are shown to check the effectiveness of the proposed DRTM.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.50
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• pp.23-42
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• 2018

Currently, two-dimensional culture is the main keyword in Chinese contents market. In China, many capital and economic giants have entered into two-dimensional cultural market because the number of users and the interest of the public for two-dimensional culture are increasing day by day. The reason for the rise of the two-dimensional culture into the mainstream culture is not only the switching of the mainstream consumer class but also Two-Dimensional Culture forms a huge industrial chain covering many areas including movies, performances and theme parks in addition to ACGN (Animation, Comic, Game and light Novel), the second is that more people are participating in Two-Dimensional Culture due to the specific audience with high social environment and loyalty and the third is looking for the role of the users in Two-Dimensional cultural content from three characteristics, such as strong cultural prevalence. This study analyzed the Chinese two-dimensional cultural environment through PEST(Political, Economic, Social and Technological analysis) In addition, as the ecological environment and communication method of Two-Dimensional Culture users changed, the users became active participants and the second producers of contents. I examined the way of using the users' contents through the phenomenon of 'Barrage'. Therefore, this study discussed the appropriate development path for the user-oriented contents industry in the Chinese Two-Dimensional cultural environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.1045-1048
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• 2002

Micromachines are extremely novel artifacts with a variety of special characteristics. Utilizing their tiny dimensions ranging roughly from 10 to $1O^3$ micro-meters, the micromachines can perform tasks in a revolutionary manner that would be impossible for conventional artifacts. Micromachines are in general related to various coupled physical phenomena. They are required to be evaluated and designed considering the coupled phenomena. This paper describes finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of practical behaviors for the micro actuator. Especially, electric field modeling in micro actuators has been generally restricted to in-plane two-dimensional finite element analysis because of the complexity of the micro actuator geometry. However, in this thesis, the actual three-dimensional geometry of the micro actuator is considered. The starting torque obtained from the in-plane two-dimensional analytical solutions were compared with that of the actual three-dimensional FE analysis results. The starting torque is proportional to $V^2$, and that the two-dimensional analytical solutions are larger than the three-dimensional FE ones. It is found that the evaluation of micro actuator has to be considered electrical leakage phenomenon.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

Axisymmetric numerical thermal analysis for a 3-dimensional regenerative cooling system in a rocket engine is carried out. To predict the accurate heat transfer with the stiff temperature distribution, several tests have been conducted for the grid size, the properties variation of the coolant and the combustion gas depending on temperature. The axisymmetric heat flux model is defined using fin efficiencies and is designed to be equivalent to the heat flux of the 3-dimensional coolant channel. For comparison purpose, the 1-dimensional analysis using Bartz equation is also conducted. The performance of the present model in predicting the cooling characteristics of a 3-dimensional regenerative cooling system is compared with the 3-dimensional results of RTE(Rocket Thermal Evaluation). It is found that the present method predicts much closer results to those of RTE code than 1-dimensional analysis.