• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.383-388
• /
• 2004

In order to elucidate the relationships between cadmium, copper, mercury, zinc levels and metallothionein in the liver and kidney cortex of Korean, the levels of Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu and metallothionein (MT) were determined in the kidney cortex and liver of 50 subjects deceased in the period of January-November, 2001 in the area of Seoul and Gyeonggi Province of Korea. The mean age of the population studied was 36.3+/-12.3 years. The tissues were digested with microwave digestion system and the elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. MT was determined by the Cd-hemoglobin affinity assay. The determined levels (mean+/-SD) were: 33.9+/-18.9 micrograms Cd/g wet weight; 47.5+/-12.6 micrograms Zn/g wet weight; 2.5+/-0.57 microgram Cu/g wet weight; 0.26+/-0.31 micrograms Hg/g wet weight, 4.0+/-3.1 mg MT/g wet weight in renal cortex and 2.5+/-1.9 micrograms Cd/g wet weight; 46.9+/-15.0 micrograms Zn/g wet weight; 6.2+/-2.5 micrograms Cu/g wet weight; 0.10+/-0.15 micrograms Hg/g wet weight, 0.92+/-0.57 mg MT/g wet weight in the liver. Positive relationships between Cd and MT, sum of four divalent metal and MT in the kidney cortex were observed. No other correlation was found between Cu and MT, Hg and MT, Zn and MT in either organs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.461-470
• /
• 2019

In diabetes mellitus, renal disease is a common complication, characterized by increased urinary albumin excretion and reduced eGFR. According to KDIGO CKD stage classification, Korean characteristics were analyzed according to urinary albumin and eGFR using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI raw data. According to KDIGO classification, diabetic patients were classified as Low risk 72.0%, Moderate risk 19.3%, High risk 5.6% and Very high risk 3.0%. Low risk decreased from 74.7% to 52.2%, and moderate to very high risk increased from 25.4% to 47.8% as the duration of diabetes mellitus was prolonged. The risk factors were CKD stage 1 (HR 2.064) to stage 4 (HR 11.049), the highest risk of hypertension. The incidence of renal disease was elevated according to duration of hypertension and HR 0.42 of kidney disease was decreased in the group maintaining proper blood pressure. In the hypertensive patients, the group administered with target blood pressure had a reduction of the kidney disease by 42% than the group with the hypertension. Therefore, controlling and managing hypertension to target blood pressure is important for the prevention of kidney disease.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.72.1-72.14
• /
• 2022

Background: The treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI), a common disease in dogs, is limited. Therefore, an effective method to prevent AKI in veterinary clinics is particularly crucial. Objectives: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is the third gaseous signal molecule involved in various physiological functions of the body. The present study investigated the effect of H₂S on cisplatin-induced AKI and the involved mechanisms in dogs. Methods: Cisplatin-injected dogs developed AKI symptoms as indicated by renal dysfunction and pathological changes. In the H₂S-treated group, 50 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) solution was injected at 1 mg/kg/h for 30 min before cisplatin injection. After 72 h, tissue and blood samples were collected immediately. We performed biochemical tests, optical microscopy studies, analysis with test kits, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. Results: The study results demonstrated that cisplatin injection increased necroptosis and regulated the corresponding protein expression of receptor interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1, RIPK3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1; furthermore, it activated the expressions of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, and interleukin-1β, in canine kidney tissues. Moreover, cisplatin triggered oxidative stress and affected energy metabolism. Conversely, an injection of NaHS solution considerably reduced the aforementioned changes. Conclusions: In conclusion, H₂S protects the kidney from cisplatin-induced AKI through the mitigation of necroptosis and inflammation. These findings provide new and valuable clues for the treatment of canine AKI and are of great significance for AKI prevention in veterinary clinics.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 1975

By employing the vinylite-and neoprene latex-corrosion technique, ramification and arrangement of A. renalis were observed in fifty Korean native goats (100 kidneys). The obtained results were as follows: 1. A single renal artery, arising on each side from abdominal aorta, bifurcated into Ramus dorsalis and Ramus ventralis from which 3~6 segmental arteries originated. 2. The dorsal and ventral surfaces of the kidney were divided separately into 3~6 arterial segments by the running of the segmental artery into the parenchyma. Of them four segments were mostly frequent (in 77% of right kidney and 83% of left). 3. In 25 of all the kidneys, either dorsal or ventral surface of a kidney was supplied from interlobar or segmental arteries belong to the opposite Ramus. 4. In 3 goats, A. polaris superior was observed. 5. Generally, distribution of the renal artery of Korean native goat resembled that of the dog.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.124-129
• /
• 2008

Background: The immunomodulatory effects of Korean mistletoe (Viscum album Coloratum) on the innate immune responses of eel (Anguilla japonica) were studied. Methods: Mistletoe, Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control was injected into eel peritoneal cavities. Results: Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-positive cells in the head kidney of eel were significantly augmented by the second day post-injection of mistletoe. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) were more produced in mistletoe-injected fish kidney leucocytes than in FCA-injected ones. The level of lysozyme activity in the serum of fish 2 days after injection with mistletoe was also significantly higher than that in the serum of the control fish. The optimal concentration of mistletoe in inducing the highest serum lysozyme activity was revealed to 500${\mu}$g/200 g of fish. In phagocytic activity assay, mistletoe-sensitized eel kidney phagocytes captured more zymosan than did the control fish. Conclusion: Korean mistletoe appeared to be a good activator of the non-specific immune responses of eel.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 1986

This study was carried out to investigate the elucidation of gene expression in embryo formation of the Kidney mutant, especially yolk proteins in unfertilized eggs and template activity of m-RNA extracted from them. The results were summarized as follow ; There was no recognized qualitative difference in yolk proteins of unferilized eggs between the Kidney mutant and normal. There was not any difference, between Kidney mutant and normal in the molecular species of m-RNA derived from maternal origin with the template activity in vitro.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 1979

This paper dealt with the macroscopical and histopathological observations on the polycystic kidney occurred in a Korean native calf aged about a year. The results summarized are as follows: 1. In macroscopical findings, numerous cysts in the bilateral kidneys were seen under the renal capsule, and the cysts were various in size and clear or cloudy in their contents. The cysts in the inner area of the renal cortex were smaller than those of the outer area of the renal cortex in size and in number. 2. In microscopical findings, marked dilatations of Bowman's spaces and convoluted tubules were prominant feature. Numerous cysts with or without eosinophilic materials were contained atrophic glomerulus. prolferation of fibrous connective tissue, atrophy of convoluted tubules were also observed. Inner walls of the cysts were surrounded by cuboidal cells, sguamous cells or fibrous connective tissue. 3. This case was regarded as congenital polycystic kidney belonged to type III of Osathanondh and Potter.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.571-575
• /
• 1996

Sulfamethazine sodium was orally administrated to Sprague Dawley female rats(body weight: 200~250g) with the sonde caude at the dose of 20mg of sulfamethazine sodium per 100g of body weight for 3 days to investigate the depletion rate of the drug from liver, kidney and muscle of rat. The results obtained were summerized as follows; 1. The mean concentrations of sulfamethazine in liver according to the time lapsed after oral administration of the sulfamethazine sodium were decreased from 1.27ppm at day 1 to 0.28ppm at day 4. 2. Sulfamethazine concentrations in kidney according to the time lapsed after oral administration of the sulfamethazine sodium were decreased from 0.77ppm at day 1 to 0. 12ppm at day 4. 3. The mean concentration of sulfamethazine in skeletal muscle according to the time lapsed after oral administration of the sulfamethazine sodium was at or below 0.09ppm within 4 days after withdrawl of medicated solution.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.160-166
• /
• 1994

Collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney is an unusual variety of renal carcinoma considered to arise from the epithelium of the collecting ducts. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney in a 17 year-old girl. The smear revealed many cellular clusters of ordinary papillary pattern, characterized by clumping of cells with nuclear overlapping, in a slightly necrotic background. The tumor cells had abundant delicate granular cytoplasm with some having vacuolation. The nuclei were only slightly pleomorphic with somewhat coarse chromatin and one or more small nucleoli Some nuclei showed irregular nuclear membrane and nuclear groove. A few polymorphs were also present.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.156-159
• /
• 2000

Neuroblastoma arises from the embryonic tissue of the adrenergic rest. It is commonly found in children and mostly in nonrenal tissue. We present a case of intrarenal neuroblastoma which was initially thought to be a Wilms' tumor. The patient was a 18 months-old girl treated with radical nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy after operation. The neoplasm within the kidney in children cannot always indicate Wilms' tumor. Neuroblastoma of the adrenal gland or retroperitoneal tissue may often compress or invade the kidney directly or arise from the kidney. Clinical aspects that differentiate between neuroblastoma and Wilms' tumor are discussed with a review of the literatures.