• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.115-127
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• 2016

Shoulder pain, injury and discomfort are public health and economic issues world-wide. The function of these joints and the stresses developed during their movement is a major concern to the orthopedic surgeon to study precisely the injury mechanisms and thereby analyze the post-operative progress of the injury. Shoulder is one of the most critical joints in the human anatomy with maximum degrees of freedom. It mainly consists of the clavicle, scapula and humerus; the articulations linking them; and the muscles that move them. In order to understand the behavior of individual muscle during abduction arm movement, an attempt has been made to analyze the stresses developed in the shoulder muscles during abduction arm movement during the full range of motion by using the 3D FEM model. 3D scanning (ATOS III scanner) is used for the 3D shoulder joint cad model generation in CATIA V5. Muscles are added and then exported to the ANSYS APDL solver for stress analysis. Sensitivity Analysis is done for stress and strain behavior amongst different shoulder muscles; deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, infraspinatus, and subscapularies during adduction arm movement. During the individual deltoid muscle analysis, the von Mises stresses induced in deltoid muscle was maximum (4.2175 MPa) and in group muscle analysis it was (2.4127MPa) compared to other individual four rotor cuff muscles. The study confirmed that deltoid muscle is more sensitive muscle for the abduction arm movement during individual and group muscle analysis. The present work provides in depth information to the researchers and orthopedicians for the better understanding about the shoulder mechanism and the most stressed muscle during the abduction arm movement at different ROM. So during rehabilitation, the orthopedicians should focus on strengthening the deltoid muscles at earliest.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.127-129
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• 1996

A 3-dimensional analysis is desired for a magnet of magnetically levitated vehicle because the geometrical shape of the magnet is complicated and nonsymmetric. A FEM package of FLUX3D is used to analyze the characteristic of the magnet. Various quantities could be observed like levitation force, flux density distribution along the air gap, edge and fringing effect, leakage flux pattern, etc. The simulation results from FLUX3D are compared with those of 2-D analysis and test results. There are a little difference between results due to the boundary conditions and magnetized B-H curve of the core.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.347-354
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• 2001

In this study, 3-D FEM analysis are carried out to investigate the effect of the corners and re-entrant corners which can't be analysed by 2-D analysis. The excavation shape is re-entrant type conditions. The wall displacement, earth pressure and effectiveness of the corner struts are investigated in the re-entrant case, The 3D analysis are peformed to evaluate the effect of various factors, such as re-entrant corner size, excavation depth, and presence of struts. The wall displacement and earth pressures are influenced the size of re-entrant corner. Therefore, the effect of re-entrant corner should be considered in the evaluation of the earth pressure and displacement of the corners. Finally, strut-support systems are not effective at the re-entrant corner.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2000

저주파수 전자탐사 관로 탐지기 개발 및 현장 운용시의 지침을 마련하기 위해 3차원 유한요소법을 이용해서 수평 자기 쌍극자 송신원에 의한 도전성 지하 매설 관로의 전자기 반응을 계산하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 단일 관로의 전자기 반응은 수평 자기장 및 수직 자기장의 수평 차분치 모두 관로 직상부에서 최대값을 나타낸다. 반응 곡선에서 최대값의 1/2이 되는 위치의 폭은 수평 자기장의 경우 수직 자기장의 수평 차분치보다 2배 정도 넓으며, 이는 수직 자기장의 수평 차분치가 관로 위치 분해능이 높은 것을 의미한다. 그리고 관로의 심도 계산식이 관로의 직상부에서만 정의되기 때문에 분해능이 높은 수직 자기장의 수평 차분치를 측정하는 것이 관로 심도 결정시 유리할 것이다. 서로 2 m 떨어진 이중 관로의 전자기 반응은 수직 자기장의 수평 차분의 경우 송신기 하부 및 인접 관로의 상부 모두에서 반응 곡선의 피크가 보인다. 이에 반해 수평 자기장의 경우는 인접 관로에 의한 자기장은 송신기 하부 관로에 의한 자기장에 의해 상쇄되어 송신기 하부 관로에 의한 피크만 나온다. 이로 미루어 볼 때 지하에 다수의 관로가 인접하여 매설되어 있는 상황에서는 수직 자기장의 수평 차분을 측정함으로써 다수 관로의 탐지도 가능할 것으로 보인다. 그리고 반응 곡선의 폭을 비교할 때, 단일 관로에서와 마찬가지로 분해능은 수직 자기장의 수평 차분치를 측정하는 것이 수평 자기장을 측정하는 것에 비해 뛰어난 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2015

댐 유지관리 측면에서 계측기를 통해 실시간 댐 거동을 파악하고 있으나 노후 댐의 경우 댐 축조 시 설치한 계측기가 오작동하거나 작동되지 않는 경우도 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 1종 국가시설물인 댐은 정밀안전진단을 통해 주기적으로 댐의 상태를 파악하고 있으며, 정밀안전진단 시 댐체의 안정성 평가를 실시하고 있다. 일반적으로 댐 안정성평가 시 가장 큰 단면을 대표단면으로 적용해 2차원 수치해석으로 결론을 도출하고 있으나 최근 많은 연구자들이 3차원 수치해석 프로그램 기술 발달에 기인해 댐 형상, 주변지형 및 댐 하부지형 형상을 정확히 반영한 3차원 수치해석에 관한 연구를 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지진에 대한 댐 안정성 평가를 위해 지반공학 범용 FEM 해석 프로그램인 PLAXIS 3D를 이용하여 존별 형상을 모두 반영한 댐체의 지진 특성과 댐체를 사력존 하나로 가정한 경우, 댐체를 사력존 및 코어존으로 가정한 경우와 수치해석 결과를 비교 분석하여 존별 형상에 따른 지진파 영향 특성을 분석하고자 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.115-133
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• 2015

This paper describes an approach for the numerical analysis of container ship slamming and whipping and various parameters that influence slamming and whipping. For validation purposes, the numerical analysis results were compared with experimental results obtained as part of the Wave-Induced Loads on Ships Joint Industry Project. Water entry problems for two-dimensional (2D) sections were first solved using a 2D generalized Wagner model (GWM) for various drop conditions and geometries. As the next step, the hydroelastic numerical analysis of a 10,000-TEU container ship subjected to slamming and whipping loads in waves was performed. The analysis method used is based on a fully coupled model consisting of a three-dimensional (3D) Rankine panel model, a 3D finite element model (FEM), and a 2D GWM, which are strongly coupled in the time domain. Parametric studies were carried out in both numerical and experimental tests with various forward speeds, wave heights, and wave periods. The trends observed and the validity of the numerical analysis results are discussed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.621-640
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• 2022

In the present article, the vibration response of a geometrically imperfect bi-directional functionally graded plate (2D-FGP) with geometric discontinuities and micro-structural defects (porosities) has been investigated. A porosity model has been developed to incorporate the effective material properties of the bi-directional FGP which varies in two directions i.e. along the axial and transverse direction. The geometric discontinuity is also introduced in the plate in the form of a circular cut-out at the center of the plate. The structural kinematic formulation is based on the non-polynomial trigonometric higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). Finite element formulation is done using C° continuous Lagrangian quadrilateral four-noded element with seven degrees of freedom per node. The equations of motion have been derived using a variational approach. Convergence and validation studies have been documented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the present formulation. A detailed investigation study has been done to evaluate the influence of the circular cut-out, geometric imperfection, porosity inclusions, partial supports, volume fraction indexes (along with the thickness and length), and geometrical configurations on the vibration response of 2D-FGP. It is concluded that after a particular cut-out dimension, the vibration response of the 2D FGP exhibits non-monotonic behavior.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2006

In this study, the equivalent plate model is developed using a finite element method(FEM) based on the first order shear deformation theory(FSDT). The substructure synthesis method is used to consider the control surface. For the verification of the equivalent model, the results of free vibration analysis are compared with the ones of 3D wing structure modeled by using the MSC/NASTRAN.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2016

Elevator is very important transportation facility of modern society. But there have been frequent elevator accidents recently. In the view of safety management of elevator, the corresponding study must be done since accidents related elevator include not only actual accident but also possible accident in order to protect user from danger. A 3D design was developed using SolidWorks and behavior analysis using FEM Code.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.876-878
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• 2000

In this paper, the characteristic of the Linear DC motor(LDM) are analyzed by using 3 Dimensional Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Network (3D EMCN), the movement of mover substitutes for the movement of magnetization in permanent magnet expressed by Fourier series, thrust characteristic analysis is performed and the appropriateness of analysed result is verified by comparing with the results of 2 Dimensional Finite Element Method (2D FEM) and experiment.