• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.287-296
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine effects of fermented brown seaweed waste (FBSW) on milk production, composition and physiological responses as functional feed for 60 days in Holstein dairy cows. A total of 24 Holstein dairy cows (average age 49.33 months, average lactation days 175, Reproduction 2.0) were randomly allocated into control(basal diet), 1% FBSW (180g in basal diet) and 2% FBSW (360g in basal diet) groups with 8 replications for 60 days. Daily milk yield and composition (fat, protein, SNF, MUN) were not affected by FBSW supplementation, but Ca level in milk was significantly increased 4.29 mg/dl and 2.91 mg/dl in 1% and 2% groups compared to control group (p<0.05) at the end of the experiment, respectively. The somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was not significant. The plasma $T_4$ level (concentration) were increased in 1% and 2% FBSW compared to control group at the end of the experiment (p<0.05), but between triiodothyronine ($T_3$) and thyroxin ($T_4$) levels were not significant. Concentrations of plasma glucose in control, 1% FBSW and 2% FBSW groups were 64. 37mg/dl, 66.15mg/dl and 73.02 mg/dl and plasma NEFA level was 0.30~0.32 mEq/dl. Concentrations of BUN tended to be higher for FBSW group than control group. Although WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, T-B, ALP, and GPT levels were not affected by FBSW supplementation, GOT level was significantly decreased in cows fed 1% FBSE diet compared to control group (P<0.05). Therefore we strongly suggest that the 1% FBSW supplementation in basal diet increases the milk yield and Ca level in Holstein dairy cows.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 2021

Yam (Dioscorea japonica) is widely utilized as food and a pharmaceutical ingredient as it contains a variety of valuable constituents. Allantoin is one of the bioactive components in yam that is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. This study was conducted to analyze and compare the allantoin content of yam flesh and peel by HPLC analytical method using an amino bonded-phase column to make up for the limitations of the previous HPLC analytical methods. The allantoin contents of yam flesh and peel were 3.09±0.025 and 3.91±0.11 mg/g (dry weight), respectively. The results of this study indicated that yam peel has higher allantoin content than yam flesh, and that the discarded yam peel could be used as a source for high value-added functional materials.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.513-520
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• 1994

Background: The pathogenesis of silicosis has been focused on the interaction between alveolar macrophages and silica particle. Although fibrosis in silicosis has been studied extensively, the mechanism is still not fully understood. There is increasing evidence that monokines and arachidonic acid metabolites macrophage are involved in pathogenesis of silicosis. Recently, it was reported that prostaglandin E2 produced from macrophage counteracts the stimulatory effects of other monokines on fibroblast proliferation or collagen production. Until now, it was remained uncertain by which mechanism silica particle may activate alveolar macrophage to an enhanced release of prostaglandin E2. Methods: In order to investigate the relationship between the activity of alveolar macrophage and the production of $PGE_2$ from activated alveolar macrophage, the authors measured hydrogen peroxide and $PGE_2$ from alveolar macrophages activated by silica in vitro and from alveolar macrophages in the silicotic nodules from rat. Experimental silicosis was induced by intratracheal infusion of silica($SiO_2$) suspended in saline(50 mg/ml) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Results: produced by 1) The silicotic nodules with fibrosis were seen from the sections of rat lung at 60 days after intratracheal injection with 50 mg aqueous suspension of silica(Fig. 1). 2) In vitro, silica caused the dose dependent increase of hydrogen peroxide(p<0.05, Fig. 2A) and $PGE_2$(p>0.05, Fig. 2B) release from alveolar macrophages. Alveolar macrophages from rat with silicotic nodules released more hydrogen peroxide and $PGE_2$ than those of control group(p<0.05, Fig. 3). Conclusion: These results suggest that silica particle could activate macrophage directly and enhanced the release of $PGE_2$ and hydrogen peroxide from the alveolar macrophage.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2004

An antioxidant activity of Rosa rugosa extract and its solvent-partitioned fractions was determined not only by measuring lipid peroxide produced when a mouse liver homogenate was exposed to the air at 37$^{\circ}C$, using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) but also by evaluating the free radical scavenging effect against DPPH radical, authentic peroxynitrite, and 3-morpholinsydnonimine (SIN-1). All its partitioned fractions including crude extract showed potent scavenging effect against DPPH radical, peroxynitrite, and lipid peroxidation. n-BuOH fraction, in particular, was found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging ability as well as inhibition against lipid peroxidation. The 15% aqueous MeOH fraction also showed a strong potency which was slightly lower than n-BuOH fraction. Based on these results, we suggest that Rosa rugosa could be useful for preventing an oxidative damage.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 1998

The microbial degradation, photosensitizer-mediated photolysis, and bioceramic- accelerated degradation of the herbicide imazapyr were investigated using four types of soil. 1. Seven strains of microorganisms isolated from the soil A and the active sludge collected from the waste water disposal plant in CheongJu did not give any distinct degradation products in pure culture. When imazapyr (10ppm) was incubated for 14days with each of the 6strains of the known bacteria, they did not produce any noticeable products, either, suggesting that imazapyr was degraded very little by microorganisms in aqueous media. Meanwhile, when 50ppm of imazapyr was incubated in soil A and B for 6months, a degradation product of m/z 279 was detected. It turned out to be 2-[(1-carbamoyl-1,2-dimethylpropyl)carbamoyl]nicotinic acid, which was formed by the hydrolytic cleavage of the imidazolinone ring and by tautomerism. When imazapyr was exposed to sunlight, degradation rates were 14.6% under the control and 66.0, 76.5, 26.7, and 90.0% in the presence of PS-1 (100ppm), PS-1 (200ppm), PS-2(100ppm), and PS-3(100ppm), respectively, and a degradation product of m/z 149 was tentatively identified in the treatment of PS-1. 2. When soil C and D treated with bioceramic were incubated for 7weeks, the $^{14}C$-activities of $^{14}CO_2$ evolved were 2.03 and 1.12% of the originally applied ones, respectively, whereas those in control soils without bioceramic were 1.88 and 0.82% showing no significant defferences.After 5 weeks, however,the differences in the amounts of $^{14}CO_2$ between the two treatments increased gradually, suggesting the bioceramic effect.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to review the occurrence, analytical methods and reduction methods of aflatoxins in foods. Aflatoxins are produced by the secondary metabolism of various fungal species and have the highest toxicity among mycotoxins. Due to their toxicity including carcinogenic activity, aflatoxins affect not only the health of humans ana animals but also the economics of agriculture and food. As a food-importing country, because aflatoxins could contaminate raw commodities and foodstuffs, there should be inspection on the exposure and the regulation of risk assessment as a food safety measure. In addition, studies on rapid analytical methods and reduction of toxicity by various processes for aflatoxins should be carried out in conjunction with those of the risk assessment of aflatoxins.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.232-239
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• 1996

돌연변이 유발 물질인 mitomycin C(MMC)를 처리하여 배양한 Chinese hamster ovary(CHO) cell에 대한 감잎차 추출액의 항돌연변이 효과를 자매 염색 분체 교환(sister chromatid exchange, SCE) 시험법을 사용하여 측정하여 보았다. 감잎차 추출액 자체는 CHO 세포의 SCE 빈도수를 변화시키지 않았으며, 세포의 분열 주기중 S phase에 S9 mixture 없이 감잎차 추출액이 처리되었을 경우 MMC로 유도된 SCE 빈도수를 감소시키지 않았다. 그러나 S9 mixture 존재하에 $G_{1}$ phase에서 MMC 처리 후 감잎차를 처리하는 후처리 방식으로 감잎차 추출액을 처리하였을 때, 저농도($\leq$40$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)에서 MMC로 인해 유발된 SCE 빈도수가 낮아지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이에 비해 고농도(>40$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)에서는 SCE 빈도수의 감소 효과가 없었다. 본 연구결과, MMC 처리된 CHO 세포에 대한 감잎차 추출액의 항돌연변이 효과를 볼 수 있었고, 이 효과는 S9 mixture 존재하에서 저농도의 감잎차 추출액이 $G_{1}$ phase에 처리되었을 때 나타났다. 감잎차 추출액의 이러한 항돌연변이의 효과의 기전은 감잎차 추출액의 대사산물이 MMC 처리된 CHO 세포에 대한 DNA-excision repair activity를 촉진시키기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.235-238
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• 2012

본 연구는 Glycine max (L.) Merr.의 태좌부위를 순수 분리하여 callus 세포를 유도하고 2차 대사산물인 isoflavone류에 속하는 daidzein의 생산성을 증진시킬 수 있는 방법을 찾는데 있다. 배양된 callus를 다양한 용매를 사용하여 추출하고, 추출물을 액체 크로마토그래피로 분석해 daidzein 함량의 차이를 확인하였다. 또한 핵자기공명분광법으로 50% 에탄올 추출물 내에 daidzein이 함유되어 있음을 증명하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.448-451
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• 2012

현대의 사회는 화재 등과 같은 많은 위험요소를 포함하고 있으며 이중 곰팡이와 같은 미생물에 의해 인체에 미치는 피해 또한 무시할 수 없다. 곰팡이는 우리의 주변에서 흔히 관찰 할 수 있는데 건물 실내의 벽면에서 주로 확인 할 수 있으며 곰팡이 균의 독소를 조사하여 보면 크게 세 가지로 분류 할 수 있다. 곰팡이 독소는 곰팡이 속들에 의해 생성되는 것으로서 아플라 톡신이 대표적인 예이며, 그 외에도 오크라톡신, 파튤린 등이 있고 곰팡이 독소는 곰팡이가 생산하는 2차 대사산물로 발암 물질을 포함하고 있어 인체에 큰 위험 요소라 할 수 있는데 본 연구에서는 건축물의 벽면에 발생하는 곰팡이 균을 편백수(피톤치드)를 활용한 방재 기술을 연구하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2014

This study was focused on the development of fermented mushroom water extracts with antioxidative activities. Mushroom water extracts were fermented with Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Leuconostoc lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus sakei subsp. LI033 was isolated from kimchi. Fermented mushroom water extracts increased DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities in a dose-dependent manner. However, radical scavenging activity of fermented Phellinus linteus and Ganoderma lucidum water extracts was decreased compared to non-fermented mushroom water extracts. Antioxidative activity of fermented mushroom water extracts was also confirmed by xanthin oxidase (XO) inhibition and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities at the same concentration. As the fermentation progressed, fermented mushroom water extracts increased XO inhibition activity and SOD activity. In conclusion, fermented mushroom water extracts were tentatively identified to enhance enzyme activity.