• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 1995

Cobitis sinensis - longicorpus complex were commonly found in the upper stream of the Nakdong River in Korea and consisted of mostly with diploid and triploid karyotype forms. Among them, the triploid females of C. sinensis - longicorpus were artificially crossed with diploid males from C. sinensis and diploid males from C. longicorpus, respectively. The progenies from each cross produced the diploid individuals that possessed the paternal characters in their karyotypes and their body color patterns. Based on this results, we can assume that the triploid females, C. sinensis - longicorpus have a peculiar reproductive mode eliminating an uneven genome by the primary meiotic division and then producing a haploid ovum by secondary meiosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.232-233
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.249-250
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.216.1-216
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• 1997

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.284-288
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• 2013

This study aimed to get the basic data on the breeding of good varieties in Hypericum patulum Thunberg. The optimum materials, concentration and soaking time were examined to identify the effective approach to induce tetraploid plant by colchicine treatment to cultivate the varieties. For the seed germination rate of seed by colchicine treatment, the higher colchicine concentration was and the longer soaking time was, the more the germination rate decreased. While individuals were germinated in 16 test groups except control group (no treatment group), all the plants were diploid and no tetraploid was induced. For the plant regeneration rate by colchicine treatment on the explant of Hypericum patulum Thunberg that was under in vitro culture, the higher the colchicine concentration increased, the ress the regeneration rate. While total 147 individuals were regenerated in all treatment, when the explant was soaking treatment in more than 0.05% for over 6 hours, tetraploid could be obtained. In the soaking treatment of 0.05% for over 6 hours, tetraploid could be obtained. In particular, for the soaking treatment in 0.05% for 12 hours, 8 tetraploids were induced, which was about 47.1% of the number of plant regenerated. In accordance with the observation on doubling of DNA contents in leaf in order to identify polyploidy, the peak DNA content of G1 phase was 94.5 for diploid and 192.5 for tetraploid. It confirmed doubling of DNA content. Furthermore, the number of chloroplasts per guard cell depending on polyploid was around 10 in diploid and 17 to 19 in tetraploid, which were around 1.7 to 1.9 times as much as diploid.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.810-817
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• 2010

We observed abnormal morphology of cotyledons occurring in seedlings derived from open-pollinated and cross-pollinated tetraploid grapes and selected aneuploids, especially hypo- and hyper-tetraploid in seedlings with abnormal morphology of cotyledons. Five types of morphologically abnormal cotyledons were observed. In open-pollination of four tetraploid grapes, the frequency of abnormal cotyledons was 1.6% (49 of 3029 seeds). Percentage of aneuploids in the seedlings of abnormal cotyledons was 20.4% (10 of 49 seedlings). Aneuploids in open-pollination consisted of three (4n = 4x-2), four (4n = 4x-1), and three (4n = 4x+1) seedlings. In cross-pollination of tetraploids, the frequency of abnormal cotyledons was 3.4% (59 of 1729 seeds). Percentage of aneuploids in the seedlings with abnormal cotyledons was 22.0% (13 of 59 seedlings). Aneuploids from cross-pollination of tetraploids consisted of two (4n = 4x-2), nine (4n = 4x-1), one (4n = 4x+1), and one (4n = 4x+3) seedlings. According to the results, although the abnormal cotyledon morphology of seedlings obtained from crossing between tetraploid grapes appeared at low rate (2.3%), aneuploid seedlings occurred at high rate (22.0%); therefore, it indicated that this selection strategy might be very efficient in the initial seedling stage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.198-203
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• 2013

Herein we analyzed the nuclear DNA content and the histological characteristics of the triploid of the 'Hyunsasi' (Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa $F_1$) which were developed for biomass production and molecular breeding research. The flow cytometric analysis showed that the nuclear DNA content of the 3 triploids were 1.6 times greater than those of the diploid. In terms of histological characteristics, the cross-section area of the stem of 'Line-18' was 1.6 times larger than that of the diploid. The area of pith, and cortex and phloem of the stem of 'Line-18' was also 1.6 and 2.0 times larger than that of the diploid, respectively. Moreover, the length and area of guard cell of 'Line-18' was 1.2 times larger than that of the diploid. These results helps to understand the cytological characteristics of the triploid poplar clones, and further investigations in the growth rate and wood properties of the triploids growing in the field will determine whether the triploid poplars are good candidates for molecular breeding programs and for the improvement of industrial biomass productivity.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2009

This study was carried out to establish breeding system for interspecific hybridization of Lilium using spontaneous meiotic polyploidization of $F_1$ OA hybrid and its progenies. Pollen viability and germination of $F_1$ OA interspecific hybrid showed variation by collection time, indicating that pollen grain in June, which was natural blooming season, had better viability and germination ability than in October. 2n-gametes from spontaneous meiotic polyploidization of OA hybrid were crossed with either diploid Asiatic or Oriental hybrid, and subsequent progenies crossed with Asiatic hybrid as female and OA hybrid as male showed the highest efficiency, where 2x-2x A$\times$OA produced 0.64 plants per cross combination, while 2x-2x, O$\times$OA and 2x-2x, OA$\times$A crosses produced 0.42 and 0.4 plant per ovary, and especially no progeny was obtained in 2x-2x, OA$\times$O cross combination. For the subsequent progeny production, a cross between diploid Asiatic hybrid as female and diploid OA hybrid as male was the best ploidy combination. Ploidy level of subsequent progeny derived from backcross with 2n-gametes of OA hybrid revealed that triploids from 2x-2x OA$\times$A, tetraploids from both 4x-2x, AA$\times$OA and OO$\times$OA, diploid from 2x-2x, O$\times$OA, and diploids or triploids from 2x-2x, A$\times$OA crosses were produced respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.394-400
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• 2015

The roots of Platycodon grandiflorum species either dried or fresh, are used as an ingredient in salads and traditional cuisine in Korea. To interpret the root proteins, a systematical and targeting analysis were carried out from diploid and tetraploid roots. Two dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 39 differential expressed proteins were identified from the diploid root under in vivo condition using image analysis by Progenesis Same Spot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 39 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}\;1.5$-fold) were analyzed using LTQ-FTICR mass spectrometry. Except two proteins, the rest of the identified proteins were confirmed as down-regulated such as Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Proteasome subunit alpha type-2-B. However, the most of the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the oxidoreductase activity, nucleic acid binding, transferase activity and catalytic activity. The exclusive protein profile may provide insight clues for better understanding the characteristics of proteins and metabolic activity in various explants of the economically important medicinal plant Platycodon grandiflorum.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.485-495
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to obtain the information on the crossability, variation of chromosome number in pollen mother cell (PMC) and somatic cell of the progeny from the cross between hexaploid triticale cv. Sinkihomil and two diploid rye varieties. Seed set was 39.3 to 41.6% (averaged 40.5%) in the cross between triticale (P$_1$) and rye(P$_2$), which resulted in 0.33% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 2.69% in F$_1$/P$_1$ 5.47% in F$_1$/P$_2$ respectively. However, seed set was extremely low in both reciprocal crosses when triticale was used as male. Germination rate of the crossed seed was 94.0% in F$_1$ 40.8% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 59.5% in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 65.9% in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between triticale and rye, respectively. Pollen fertility of F$_1$ plant was averaged 18.7% in the cross between triticale and rye. Number of Uni-, Bi-, and Trivalent in PMC was 12. 6, 6.94, and 0.53, respectively, in the F$_1$ between the triticale and rye. There were 28 chromosomes in F$_1$, 21 to 34 in F$_2$, 34 to 38 in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 19 to 23 in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between the triticale and rye, respectively.