• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.3 s.60
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• pp.158-165
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• 1984

These studies were carried out to investigate the bionomics of Gonatocerus sp. y (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) , an egg parasite of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler (Homoptera: Deltocephalidae) under laboratory and field conditions at Gyeongnam Provincial O.R.D. in Jinju from 1982 to 1983. The developmental period of each life stage was observed under four different temperature conditions from $15^{\circ}C\;to\;30^{\circ}C\;with\;5^{\circ}C$ increment. The development from egg to adult at 15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;and\;30^{\circ}C $ was completed in an average of 53, 25, 15, and 12 days and the females laid an average of 28, 48, 42, and 32 eggs respectively, with a maximum of 98. And most of the eggs were laid in the first two days after emergence. The time of adult emergence was determined under $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ condition. More than $76\%$ of the wasps emerged in the morning and the rest of them emerged in the afternoon. The average sex ratio between male and female was 1 : 5 when the wasps were developed from fertilized eggs. The longevity of female was greater than that of male when honey and water were provided as food, however, it was not when only water was supplied as food. The average longevities of females were 30 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and 15 days at $20^{\circ}C$ when honey and water were given as food. The peak precent parasitism of Gonatocerus sp. v on Nephotettix cincticeps in fallow fields was observed between late April and early May. The percent parasitism of the wasps In fallow fields was an average of 49\~59.9\% $ in Gyeochang, Namji and $23.2\~36\%$ in Namhae. The parasitic activities of the parasite had four peaks in paddy field, however, the highest peak was observed between late August and early September. The Percent e99 Parasitism of Gonatocerus sp. y was an average of $12.3\%$ on second the generation and $24.6\%$ of third genera lion of Nephotettix cinrticeps.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.12.2-13
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• 1983

Corrosive injuries of the esophagus by accident or suicidal attempt, though decreasing in number, still represent an important problem of our national pathology. One of the most difficult problems facing any physician is the diagnosis and management of caustic ingestion. In order to determine the extent of esophageal bums, to prevent the potential complication, to increase the therapeutic effect, the use of esophagoscopy is an essential step, and it has lessened an unnecessary admission and treatment. The authors have found the value of early esophagoscopy in selected 41 corrosive esophagitis patient who were admitted to Dept. of ENT, Wonju medical college, Yonsei university between 1980. 1-1982. 12

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2024

This study examined the effects of creative musical on school adaptation and self-efficacy improvement of school maladjusted adolescents. The subjects of this study were 229 students classified as suspected school maladjustment groups through Wee class counselors and students who were judged as at-risk groups as a result of the emotional behavioral evaluation test conducted by the Office of Education. The study period consisted of 100 minutes per session once a week from May 1st to October 31st, 2023, and a total of 15 sessions were held. To verify the effectiveness, a self-efficacy scale (SES) of Kim A-young (2002)'s school adaptation scale and Sherer et al. (1982) was conducted before and after the creative musical, and the results were analyzed through the corresponding t-test. As a result of the study, the subject's school adaptation (p<.05) and the sub-factors of companionship (p<.05), school class (p<.05), and school rules (p<.05) all increased and were statistically significant after the creative musical compared to before. The subject's self-efficacy (p<.01) and the sub-factors of the study, general self-efficacy (p<.01), and social self-efficacy (p<.05) also increased and were statistically significant after the creative musical compared to before it was conducted. Therefore, this study revealed that creative musicals are effective in improving school adaptation and self-efficacy of school maladjusted adolescents.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.429-438
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• 1993

This is a report on the early vegetation and the secondary succession in the burned area of SeobJe-Go1 of $IIwasan-MY\v{o}n,\;Y\v{o}ngch\v{o}n-Gun,\;Ky\v{u}ngsangbuk-do$ Province. The forest fire occurred on April 8, 1982 and the pine forest and its floor vegetation were burned down. The investigation was done six times from August 20, 1982 to August 13, 1983. The results are summarized as follows: the floristic composition of burned areas $B_1,\;B_2$, and unburned areas $U_1,\;U_2$ were composed of 25, 23, 32, and 27 kinds of vascular plants. respectively. The biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both the burned and unburned areas. The species of Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus simnsis var. purpurascens and Cares hurnilis var. nana were dominant species in the burned area, while Pinus densiflorrr, Corex humilis var. nana and Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliafum were dominant species in the unburned area. Degree of succession of the unburned area was comparatively higher than that of the burned area. Species diversity index and evenness index of the burned area were similar to those of the unburned area. Indices of similarity in sampling sites showed that $B_1\;and\;B_2$ stands were the most similar. pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium of soil increased but organic matter and total organic carbon decreased after fire.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.341-346
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• 1999

Background: Thirty children ranging from 3 to 15 years of age underwent cardiac valve replacement at Dongsan Medical Center from 1982 to 1997. Material and Method: There were 16 boys and 14 girls. The mean age was 12.1. The underlying pathological cause for valve replacement was congenital heart disease in 17 children and acquired heart disease in 13. The valve replaced was mitral in 15 children, aortic in 11, tricuspid in 3, and combined aortic and mitral in 1. Twenty-one mechanical and 10 tissue valves were placed: primary mechanical valve have been utilized since 1985. Eight of ten patients with tissue valves have had successful second valve replacements 4 to 11 years after the initial operation. Result: The operative mortality was 6.7%, but mortality was higher among patients less than 5 years of age and patients who had previous cardiac operations. Of the 28 operative survivors, 4 patients were lost to follow-up: the remaining patients were observed for a total of 2091 patient/months(mean 74.7 months, maximum 187 months). There was one late death from dilated cardiomyopathy after mitral valve replacement in 7 year-old patient with atrioventricular septal defect. After the operation, all patients with mechanical valves were placed on a strict anticoagulant regimen with Coumadin. The actuarial survival rate was 96% at the end of the follow-up. No instance of thromboembolism or major bleeding were observed in the survivors. Conclusion: These results indicate that valve replacement can be performed with low mortality in children, and with satisfactory long-term survival.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.425-432
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• 1992

Background: The prevalence of tuberculosis in Korea decreased remarkably for the past 30 years, while for at least the recent 10 years, the frequency of disease attributable to mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) began to increase both in actual numbers and in the proportion of the total burden of mycobacterioses. Method: Twenty nine cases, diagnosed as having pulmonary disease due to MOTT on the basis of repeated isolations of the relevant organisms from sputum specimens and chest X-ray findings from Jan. 1982 throught Dec. 1991 at the Chest Clinic of the Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, were reviewed in terms of clinical features and courses. Results: 1) Nineteen cases (66%) were infected with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, 5 cases (17%) with M. fortuitum, 4 cases (14%) with M. chelonei, and 1 cases (3%) with M. szulgai. 2) The ratio of male versus female patients was 1.9:1. 3) The peak incidence was in the fifth decade. 4) Eighteen cases (62%) had moderately advanced disease and 11 cases (38%) had far advanced disease on chest P-A film. 5) The common symptoms were cough (59%), sputum (52%), and dyspnea (34%). 6) All cases had a previous history of tuberculosis. 7) Most of the isolates were highly resistant to the major antituberculosis drugs and 48~52% showed a sensitivity to cycloserine, kanamycin or enviomycin. 8) Of 19 cases which were treated and followed-up for over 12 months, 3 cases attained negative conversion on cultures (2 M. fortuitum infections, 1 M. szulgai infection). Sixteen cases failed in attaining negative conversion on cultures. However, their clinical courses were chronic and indolent despite of persistant culture positivity. Conclusion: Treatment of these patients has been difficult because of the frequency of severe underlying conditions and the natural resistance of most of the nontuberculous mycobacteria to the presently available drugs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.78-96
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the menu served in government offices foodservice by using Kasavana & Smith's Menu-Engineering. Sales and food costs were collected from the daily sales reports for a year from Jan 2 to Dec 31 in 2007. Calculation for menu analysis and customer's data were done by computer using the MS 2003 Excel spreadsheet program and SPSS 12.0 package program. Menu mix% (MM%) and unit contribution margin were used as variables by Kasavana & Smith. Four possible classifications by Menu-Engineering technique were turned out as 'STAR', 'PLOWHORSE', 'PUZZLE', 'DOG'. The main menus served during a year were 128 dishes and about 141 peoples visited this restaurant daily. The mean age of the men was $44.1\;{\pm}\;6.3$, women were $32.7\;{\pm}\;6.4$ and showed that was statistically higher than that of women (p < .0001). The rates of STAR menus were 'Western style (75.0%)', 'guk/tang-ryu (48.1%)', 'jjigae/ jeongol-ryu (23.1%)', 'bap-ryu (17.2%)' in sequence. There were no STAR menus in gui/jorim/jjim-ryu. PLOWHORSE menus were 'gui-ryu (75.0%)', 'guk/tang-ryu (29.6%)', 'bap-ryu (27.6%)' in sequence. There were no PUZZLE or DOG menus in 'jjigae/jeongol-ryu'. PUZZLE menus were 'jorim/jjim-ryu and Myeonryu (each 33.3%)', 'bap-ryu (31.0%)' in sequence. PUZZLE menus were a lots of 'Chinese food (75.0%)' and 'myeonryu (55.6%)'. This study provides the basic data based on regularly menu analysis method applied the scientific menu analysis techniques in government offices food services, I'd like to suggest that the menu management must be done based on the necessity and result of menu analysis according to the seasonal and middle, long-term plans.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.730-743
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• 1997

Community structure and distribution patterns of benthic polychaetes were studied in Aug. 1983 and Feb. 1984 in Kwangyang Bay, Korea. During the study period, the large-scale reclamation and dredging operations were taking place. Polychaetes were composed of 76 species with a mean density of $342\;ind.{\cdot}m^{-2}$ during the summer 1983 and 77 species with a mean density of $437\;ind.{\cdot}m^{-2}$ during the winter 1984. Community structure indices were applied to the seasonal data. The stations influenced by the Seomjin river are characterized by a low species number and low diversity, while the stations located in channel regions represent high species richness and highdiversity. The inner bay stations showed the intermediate level in terms of species richness and diversity. On the basis of taxa composition and abundance in summer, the cluster analysis indicated that the study area was divided into live regions. The main factors that govern the polychaete distributions appeared to be the fresh water run-off and bottom sediment composition. However, a slight difference was observed in winter community, and changes in composition of the dominant species were found from Lagis bocki and Chone teres to Glycinde gurjanovae and Heteromastus filiformis. As a result, the broad scale reclamation and dredging activities may have played a role in changes of the polychaete community structure and the dominant species composition in Kwangyang Bay.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 1984

The seasonal variation of catch and the fishing ground formation of anchovy caught by gill net are studied by using the data for 14 years, 1969 to 1982, published by the Fisheries Research and Development Agency of Korea. The main fishing season of anchovy by gill net can be devised into two seasons: spring and autumn. The former begins early in spring, marks peak in May with the monthly mean catch of 3,000 $\frac{M}{T}$ and ends in summer. The latter begins early in autumn, marks peak in October with the monthly mean catch of 1,500$\frac{M}{T}$ and ends in winter. The fishing ground begins to be formed in the southern waters of Korea with the begining of spring fishing season, and it is extended all over the south-eastern waters from spring to summer and it is converged to the coastal areas from autumn to winter. From the calculation of correlationship between adjacent fishing sections, the fishing ground can be devided into three areas; the northern area of $37^{\circ}N$, the southern area of $35^{\circ}N$ and the area between $35^{\circ}N\;and\;37^{\circ}N$. In the northern area of $37^{\circ}N$, monthly centers of the fishing ground are located in the adjacent aea area of Sockcho-Jumunjin district in the whole year, and its annual mean variance shows about 8 miles in the latitudinal direction and 10 miles in the longitudinal direction. In the area between $35^{\circ}N\;and\;37^{\circ}N$, monthly centers are located in the adjacent sea area of Kijang-Kuryongpo district, and the variance shows about 10 miles in the longitudinal direction and 20 miles in the latitudinal direction. In the southern area of $35^{\circ}N$, monthly centers are located in the open sea in spring and summer, and are conversed to the coastal area in autumn and winter, and the variance shows 8 miles in the latitudinal direction and 35 miles in the longitudinal direction. Water temperature and salinity at the fishing ground where the anchovy gill net was effectively operated are estimated from 14 to $20^{\circ}C$ and from 33.0 to $34.0\%0$ respectively.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2017

This study explored spatiotemporal variability of water quality in correspondence with hydro-meteorological factors in the four stations of Euiam Reservoir located in the upstream region of the North-Han River from May 2012 to December 2015. Seasonal effect was apparent in the variation of water temperature, DO, electric conductivity and TSS during the study period. Stratification in the water column was observed in the near dam site every year and vanished between August and October. Increase of nitrogen nutrients was observed when inflowing discharge was low, while phosphorus increase was distinct both during the early season with increase of inflowing discharge and the period of severe draught persistent. Duration persisting high concentration of Chl-a (>$25mg\;m^{-3}$: the eutrophic status criterion, OECD, 1982) was 1~2 months of the whole year in 2014~2015, while it was almost 4 months in 2013. Water quality of Euiam Reservoir appeared to be affected basically by geomorphology and source of pollutants, such as longitudinally linked instream islands and Aggregate Island, inflowing urban stream, and wastewater treatment plant discharge. While inflowing discharge from the dams upstream and outflow pattern causing water level change seem to largely govern the variability of water quality in this particular system. In the process of spatiotemporal water quality change, factors related to climate (e.g. flood, typhoon, abruptly high rainfall, scorching heat of summer), hydrology (amount of flow and water level) might be attributed to water pulse, dilution, backflow, uptake, and sedimentation. This study showed that change of water quality in Euiam Reservoir was very dynamic and suggested that its effect could be delivered to downstream (Cheongpyeong and Paldang Reservoirs) through year-round discharge for hydropower generation.