• Cement
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• s.198
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• pp.45-65
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• 2013

1970년대 중후반 경제개발 5개년계획의 시작과 함께 시멘트산업은 다시 도약기를 맞게 된다. 정부의 지속적인 공업화 정책에 따라 사회간접자본의 확충을 위한 도로, 항만, 댐 건설 등에 주력하면서 시멘트 수요가 크게 늘어났다. 특히 1968년 경부 고속도로의 착공 이후 공장신설과 신규 주택건설 등 각 부분에서 수요가 급속도로 늘어나 시멘트 생산시설의 확충도 급진전됐다. 이렇듯 1970년대에는 우리나라가 여러 어려운 여건 하에서도 도전을 통해 시련을 극복하고 마침내 획기적인 국력신장을 성취한 도약의 시기였다. 특히 1970년대를 거치며 이룩한 우리나라의 괄목할만한 성장은 세계를 놀라게 하는 것이었다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.197-221
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 산업연관 분석모형을 이용하여 1980년대 수출산업에서의 유가변화의 산업별 파급효과를 분석하고, 1990년대 유가 파급효과를 추정하여 보았으며, 1980년대 산업별 물가상승 요인을 계측하여 1970년대 물가상승요인과 비교분석하여 보았다. 1980년대 상반기의 유가 파급효과가 큰 산업은 석유제품과 에너지 다소비 품종인 화학, 비금속 광물, 전기가스수도, 철강, 금속 등으로 나타났으며 대부분의 산업은 유가인상율의 5% 내외의 인상효과를 나타내었다. 유가 인하기였던 1980년대 하반기에도 인하효과는 산업별로 상반기와 비교할 때 큰 차이는 없었으나, 기계, 전기, 전자통신, 자동차 등 주요 수출산업의 가격인하 효과는 그다지 크지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 저물가 시대였던 1980년대의 주요 물가변화 요인으로는 임금 등 부가가치 및 원유가격의 변화로서 1970년대와 큰 차이가 없었으나, 중간재 수입가격, 수입계수 및 수업률 변화의 물가변화 기여도는 아주 작아서 1970년대와는 다른 양상을 보였다. 한편 1990년대의 유가파급효과 추정을 위한 모의실험 결과를 보면, 1980년대와 마찬가지로 석유관련 제품의 가격인상 효과가 두드러지겠지만, 1970년대와 1980년대에 비해서 유가파급효과는 상대적으로 낮을 것으로 추정되어 수출산업의 가격경쟁력은 임금, 기타 원자재 가격 등 여타 물가인상 요인에 더 영향을 받을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.13-51
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• 2021

The aim of this essay is to illustrate Sunjung Manhwa in the 1970s which has been alienated in comics studies. This essay analyses the articles and the serial comics in Schoolgirl, the magazine in the 1970s, and examines the ideal representations of the girls at that time. Sunjung Manhwa is really different between the 1960s and 1970s. It cannot be explained on this gap just by analyzing Sunjung Manhwa in book form alone. Even though the censorship on comics was the element that has hampered the development of comics as a whole, the slumps of Sunjung Manhwa in the 1970s were very excessive compared to other comics genres. This article can gain the answers to the reason of the changes of Sunjung Manhwa by studying the magazines which was the main mass media aimed at girls with Sunjung Manhwa. While the articles in magazines show the editing direction and its characteristics, they reflect the values and ideologies at that time. The same is true for the comics in the magazines. Especially, the comics in the magazines was relatively free from the censorship. This essay examined how the articles and the comics in the girls' magazine in the 1970s represented the images of girls at the time by focusing on feature articles and comics in the magazine, Schoolgirl. This article explored Um, Hee-Ja's Blue Zone and Bang, Young-Jin's Mini March among a full-length serial comics in the magazine, Schoolgirl. Both Blue Zone and Mini March reveal the images of an ideal girl that has been emphasized by the articles in Schoolgirl. Blue Zone draws the appearances of an earnest and obedient daughter, and Mini March represents the figures of a cheerful and bright girl. Through this study, it can be recognized that the magazines in the 1970s highly appraised girls who are obedient to a given society and serve to a harmonious family as ideal ones, and it might be guessed that the ideal images of girls that was characterized ceaselessly by the magazines were the standard of the censorship on comics and its creativity and had also a huge impact on the contents and the expressions of a great deal of works. The 1970s was the times when its importance has been lost in the history of the comics studies by the censorship on the comics and the monopoly of "Hapdong(합동) publisher." The limits of expression in terms of censorship were awfully distinct, so its result was few of good works in quality, and there are still many blanks in the study on 1970s' comics. This study has a meaning which fills up a blank in the comics studies.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.127-150
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• 2021

This study focuses on analyzing the epic characteristics of a korean sports cartoon called "Burning Ground" in the 1970s. Through this, we would like to reveal that only "Burning Ground" has a unique narrative. We hope that such research will accumulate and serve as the basis for the study of Korean sports cartoon. In the 1970s and 1980s, Korean sports cartoons were narratives of the main characters. The story of the family is central to the narrative. Family revenge is mainly the central narrative. Plural narratives are serious, and sports act as auxiliary narratives. It uses 'Spocon', a characteristic of Japanese sports cartoons, to show its efforts to get revenge. Therefore, it is extremely rare to use professional knowledge in Korean sports cartoons in the 1970s. Burning Ground uses an escalating system to construct incremental narratives. The three-dimensional narrative is composed by utilizing various narratives of surrounding characters. The use of expertise in football is a feature of the 1990s, and showing this in the 1970s means that the work is ahead of its time. There are limitations of Japanese cartoon theft and plagiarism. However, through this, it provides evidence to examine the relationship between Korea and Japan. And timeless epic speciality must be recognized. The study is meaningful in that it can broaden the perspective of Korean cartoon research in the 1970s.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.143-157
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 (1) 1970년대 서양복식에 존재하는 오리엔탈리즘의 반향에 대해 정의하고, (2) 서양 복식을 통해 표출된 오리엔탈리즘의 의미를 당시 정치, 사회, 문화적인 측면과 연결하여 탐구하는데 있다. 이론적 틀로는 문화인류학 이론에서 유래된 Hamilton의 Unifying Metatheory of Clothing and Textile(1987)이 적용되었다. 연구 방법으로는 1970년부터 1979년까지 미국에서 발행된 총 142권의 VOGUE 잡지 중 80권을 분석하여, 오리엔탈리즘이 보여지는 45장의 패션사진을 자료로 추출한 후, 연도, 디자이너의 소속 지역. metatheory에 따라 분석하였다. 각 연도별로 오리엔탈리즘이 표현되는 정도와 방법은 다양하였다. 서양디자이너들은 동양의 전통의상을 거의 그대로 모방하거나 하나 이상의 국가들의 전통의상 디자인 요소들을 하나의 복식에 혼합, 표현하는 방법을 주로 보여주는 반면, 동양 디자이너는 전통의상을 포함한 자국의 다양한 문화적 요소들을 서양복식에 도입하여 표현하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 복식에서 보여지는 시각적인 면의 분석과 더불어, 1970년대 당시 미국의 정치. 사회, 문화전반의 상황과 복식에 있어서 오리엔탈리즘의 도입과의 영향관계가 파악되었다. 따라서, 복식을 연구함에 있어서 문화인류학적 이론과 같은 다른 분야의 이론의 적용은 복식을 새로운 측면에서 이해하는 넓은 안목과 통합적인 틀을 제공한다는 측면에서 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.429-465
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• 2019

This paper analyzed the ways in which "others" were reproduced in Korean movies in the 1970s. In the midst of the social changes of the era, such as urbanization due to rapid industrial modernization, many people became laborers for industry in order to obtain the fruits of modernization.But the landscape of others, which was inevitably produced in the process of constructing such subjects, has been limited to analysis that is focused on gender and youth discourse. This article aims to extract the landscape of others in the 1970s by adopting a different perspective. The way in which the other is present can be divided into the following two categories. First, in 1970s film, the family community, in contrast with 1960s film, has disintegrated and cracked, due to the inability of others to enter or leave the community. The desperate perception that the family community can no longer function as a stable foundation or center of the constitution, and that it cannot have a sense of security and belonging,is revealed through the way the others are wandering in and out of the community. Second, 'Death' is an element of social life in the violence of the national ideology of the 1970s, and the everyday exceptional state. The way in which the 'other' is completely eliminated from the normal subjectivity requested by the state and is deported in film reflectshow everyday death or potential death is part of life of the 1970s. Normal life pursued through rapid urbanization and industrialization leads to the death of the other beings, but the way of existence of others is the desperate reality of the 1970s, when the boundaries of the state that provide stability and belonging are broken. As a result, the landscape of others in the 1970s reveals a violent reality that destroys the perfect middle class family discourse that industrial modernization was oriented around in the 1970s, and that produced masses of others who caused numerous deaths. In spite of regime censorship, Korean films were popularly revealing the violence of life brought in by the 1970s, following a detour of representation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2012

Long term changes in winter time(JFM) sea surface temperature(SST) and marine ecosystem of different Korean waters during last five to six decades were illustrated. Fishing intensity with climate-ocean variability(e.g. SST) have been increasing since 1970s in all of the Korean marine waters. Winter SST around Korean waters went to colder regime in early 1980s and after the late 1980s increased gradually. After 1988/89 CRS all of the waterbody started warmer regime and well coincided with the CRS phenomena. Large predatory, small pelagic and crustacean and mollusks abundance were well coincided by the warmer SST regime after 1988/89 CRS and changed the fishery from demersal fishery to pelagic fishery. Ecosystem parameter of Mean Trophic Level(MTL) showed continuous decreasing trend since mid of 1970s which was mostly affected by the increasing of lower trophic level species. Fishing in balance(FIB) index showed increasing pattern since early 1970s to the late of 1970s and from early 1980s it was almost stable until now. Finally wasp-waist population of anchovy and Japanese sardine have a greater impact to the whole MTL since early 1970s.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.4 s.161
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

The study on long-term change of natural and sediment disasters such as landslides and debris flows is not thoroughgoing enough in spite of increasing of concern for disaster. Therefore, the change of natural and sediment disasters was investigated with the number of victims caused by both disasters and the ratio of sediment disasters for natural disasters was compared. The number of victims by sediment and natural disasters has apparently been decreasing despite of the change of rainfall pattern. The number of victims was changed to 140 persons/year in the late 1990s from 250 persons/year in the 1970s of natural disaster and that of sediment disaster to 20 persons/year in the late 1990s from 60 persons/year in the late 1970s. Furthermore, the ratio of sediment disaster victims to natural disaster victims has decreased from 2/7 in the 1970s to 2/15 after 1980s. But, the system of sediment disaster management and new soil erosion control works tough introduction of watershed management concept are requested because of increased landslide area in recent years (206ha in 1981 $\rightarrow$ 688ha in 1999).

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.90
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Speleology has been recognized as a comprehensive science. The purpose of this study examine the research trends of the cave in korea. Journal of the Speleological Society was used for analysis. In the 1970s, research was focused primarily in the field of geomorphology(geology). But, since the 2000s, a variety of disciplines in the cave study is in progress.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.9 no.6 s.50
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• pp.11-12
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• 1970