• MISULJARYO - National Museum of Korea Art Journal
• /
• v.101
• /
• pp.66-86
• /
• 2022

This paper focuses on the document "Property Ledger of Dr. Rhee," which was a supplement to the Disposal of the Late Dr. Rhee's Property written by the secretarial office of the Cheongwadae (the Korean presidential residence) in 1970. The document contains a list of 311 items, including furnishings and artworks, once owned by President Syngman Rhee. The items had been in the collection of the Cheongwadae, but in February 1970 they were transferred to the family of the late President Rhee. The background for creating this list is as follows. After the April 19 Student Revolution in 1960, a survey was conducted of Rhee's movable assets, including artworks in his private residence Ihwajang. Their transfer to the National Museum was discussed at one point, but it was decided to use them at the Cheongwadae instead. In 1963, however, the transfer of these assets to the National Museum was ordered, and some duplications of the private possessions were sent to Ihwajang House. In 1970, furnishings and artworks stored at the Cheongwadae were also returned to Ihwajang House, and the "Property Ledger of Dr. Rhee" document was produced. This ledger lists works by artists from the Joseon period through the 1960s. It is difficult to identify each of these artworks since no photos are attached and the details provided are minimal. Nevertheless, this ledger is valuable in that the scale of artworks in the collection of the Gyeongmudae (the former name for the Cheongwadae) and Ihwajang House can be partially identified and in that it helps us understand how the issues surrounding the reversion of ownership of these artworks were resolved.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.35-49
• /
• 2007

This study analyzed on the developmental process of forest policy direction in Korea and present status of forest desolation in North Korea of the pre and post division of the Korean peninsular with historical point of view and indicates future tasks to take. Forests in Korea were destroyed in the early of 1900s while Korean peninsular was under Japanese colonial rule. In 1945, Korea was divided into two parts, which developed its own forest policy under the different political system. South Korea was at Korean war in 1950 and accomplished the greening movement from 1970s to 1980s. After 1990s, the country has aimed to sustainable forest management. North Korea has focused on forestation until 1960. However, the result has been doubtful with North Korean economic depression, and these days North Korea faces forest desolation due to failures of forest management. Therefore, necessary is that recovery measures for forest desolation in North Korea, cooperation and interchange between North and South Korea and plans of forest management in case of unification.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.103-126
• /
• 2023

In the l950s, under the legacy of traditional agriculture, Ascaris lumbricoides, spread epidemically in the war-bitten society of Korea. Consensus on the parasite control was drafted in the Parasite Disease Prevention Act, which passed a parliamentary agreement in 1966, and established safe disposal of feces and mass chemotherapy as control strategies. Biannual stool examinations and treating infected schoolchildren were basic scheme of the control activity through which revenue could be secured for organized business. In the 27 years following 1969, a maximum of 16 million stool examinations had been done every year. Cellophane thick smear enabled the task. The infection declined remarkably in the 1970s when industrialization and green revolution proceeded. A population study of A. lumbricoides in the late 1970s helped us better understand its epidemiology. The data also settled down the understandable protest of teachers against the repeated stool examinations. In the 9 years following 1987, the target population was gradually reduced when the egg positive rate was below 0.1%. An article in the Korean Law, stipulating obligatory stool examinations, was made optional. Although the long-term Korean effort of Ascaris control was a success, the effect of mass chemotherapy was not as succinct in terms of lowering reinfection. In the period of control, Korean agricultural technology changed, and the economy grew and supplied sanitary facilities by which the vicious cycle was disconnected. Reduction of morbidity was a benefit of mass chemotherapy, which is the only control method feasible in economically difficult countries. The most important hurdle of parasite control in the 1960s was poverty of general population and limited financial resources in Korea but the society formed a consensus on the priority of intestinal helminthiasis control during the ordeal period. The national consensus in the 1960s was the critical milestone for Ascaris control in Korea. Under the social agreement, application of timely technical and research advancements in parasitology achieved the success of ascariasis elimination. The successful experience of ascariasis elimination in Korea can be a benchmark for countries where neglected tropical diseases are endemically recycled.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.203-210
• /
• 2012

Sagnac interferometer gyroscopes can be divided into three large generations using starting points of time or highlights of their research. As the first generational Sagnac interferometer, the ring laser gyroscopes have been studied since the 1960s by laser invention, and as the second generational Sagnac interferometer, the fiber optic gyroscopes have been studied since the 1970s by invention of optical fiber for communication. In the latter half of the 1990s, after having confirmed the wave theory of the atom, studies of atomic interferometers were started for a next generation gyroscope application. This paper discusses the operation principles, application, and future prospects of these three generations of Sagnac gyroscopes.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2014

The early post-war modern architecture introduced to Korea in the 60's and 70's have reached its 50 year cycle to emerge as candidates for the registered heritage. However, conservation is a complicated topic when applied to modern architecture due to its social and political status among general public, and is often a sacrificial target for demolition or insensitive alteration. This research tries to identify significant values extracted from the intrinsic characteristics of modern architecture, that can be applied to conducting successful renovation projects on modern architecture. The conservational values of modern architecture to be maintained are identified in this paper as: flexible open space, material and structural system, and extension of interior-exterior relation. These values are examined through the filter of comparative analysis on domestic and international conservation standards, along with cross-examination on recently renovated local works performed on the modern architecture of the period. This research aims to bring focus on conducting respectful conservation and renovation to modern architecture by identifying the significant values that is intrinsic to the modern architecture and is worth preserving.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.598-610
• /
• 2021

Korean textile and fashion companies have played a major role not only in developing the Korean economy since Korea's industrialization started in the early 1960s but also in providing opportunities to form and expand chaebols (conglomerates of family-owned businesses). This study reviewed and analyzed the historical development of chaebols, which started the fiber/textile/fashion business before the 1960s and maintained their chaebol status until 2010. The Samsung, Samyang, Kolon, Taekwang, Hyosung, LG, and SK groups were included in the study, and data were collected from diverse sources, including the publications and websites of the chaebol companies, newspapers, magazines, and research articles. The strategies of the companies at the corporate and group levels were examined based on the corporate lifecycle, which consists of existence, growth, maturity, rebirth, and decline stages. The results showed that all the analyzed companies actively engaged in product line expansion during the growth stage. Vertical integration, especially backward integration, was common during the growth stage. Some groups established new companies to manage additional product lines and integration, while others pursued growth strategies mainly at the corporate level. The rebirth stage occurred in only a few companies and groups. Some seemed to be going through the decline stage, and the rest of the groups exited the textile and fashion business.

• 사회경제평론
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.131-163
• /
• 2018

The long-run equilibrium of an economy is a situation where all firms in the economy realize the condition of 'extra profits = 0'. The conventional partial equilibrium (PE) analysis, which is based on the assumption of 'ceteris paribus', conflicts logically with the long run equilibrium. 'Full industry equilibrium' (FIE) deals with long-run equilibrium in the framework of partial equilibrium; FIE requires the adjustment of more variables than PE. The comparative statics analysis of FIE shows that many results of the conventional PE does not hold. The present paper intends to introduce the background and significance of FIE. In its course, the paper discusses similarities and differences between FIE and the Capital Controversies of the 1960s and 1970s, and highlights the critical and constructive significances of FIE.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.38-44
• /
• 1994

Control Algorithms of the Auto-Pilot system have been studied for the navigational economics and crew's comfortability since 1960's, when Auto-Pilot system was installed on the trans-ocean ships. At the beginning the PD control algorithm was used with the weather adjust function introduced to reduce the response of the auto-pilot system to the high frequency wave excitation in rough sea. In this study, the optimal and adaptive control theories are applied for the auto-pilot control algorithm. And those two algorithms are compared through the pre-defined cost function to obtain the most effective control technique for the Auto-Pilot system. The parameterization of the ship meneuvering equation for the adaptive control algorithm design procedure was examined and the advantage of the adaptive control was found through the simulation result with the wrong initial parameter value.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.107-118
• /
• 2018

Cedric price is an architect and educator who have had an influence on architectural thinking through teaching and projects, rather than completed buildings. The purpose of this study was to analyze the architecture of Cedric Price in terms of time. Time was an important factor to understand his architecture along with his interest in technology, so most of his architectural thinking and methodology - anti-architecture, programmatic indeterminacy, a philosophy of enabling and so on, could be explained under the consideration of time. Depending on how he considered and used the concept of time, his projects could be categorized into two groups; The first group was related to the change over time, and this group again divided into three sub categories; change of user's preference, change of external environment, and change over building lifetime. The second group was related to planning of time, which could be divided again into two categories; programmatic planning and the usage planning during the period. This categorization could provide a frame to look into his architecture, through which his projects showed the limitation in modern architecture and the possibility for contemporary architecture.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.713-727
• /
• 2021

This paper want to examine how Gwanghwamun and its surrounding areas work in the cinematic spaces for Korean films of the 1950s-2010s. First, in Korean films of the 1950s-1960s, Myeong-dong(Namchon), Bukchon, Seochon, and Dongchon are the primitive, perceptual, existential spaces that show the underground world and tragic pathos in the splendid city through intense desires and fatal frustration, the shadows and conflicts of modernization. Second, in Korean films of the 1970s-1990s, Myeongdong·Jongno(Namchon·Bukchon), Seochon and Dongchon are the perceptual, existential spaces that show public revenge and private alienation through the dichotomy of freedom/evil and the dichotomy of wealth/poverty. Third, in Korean films of the 2000-2010s, Gwanghwamun(Seochon), Bukchon, Namchon, and Dongchon are the perceptual, existential spaces that show civil society ethos and gloomy requiem through national agendas, resistance movements, desires and losses, miserable reality and death.