• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2008

In order to protect Rescue 119 workers exposed on the spot from potential infection, this study identified their awareness and practices of infection control so that it could help preventing them from infection and also provide basic materials necessary for pre-hospital infection control. This study applied questionnaire survey to total 215 Rescue 119 workers at fire stations in Jeonbuk province, Jeonnam province and Gwangju city from July 14 to Sept. 14, 2006 for the benefit of data collection. The questionnaire about possible associations between awareness and practices of infection control consisted of total 46 times across 6 categories such as washing hands during emergency activities ; fluid therapy and injection ; respirator maintenance; individual hygienics ; disinfectant supplies and equipments maintenance ; and control of infectious wastes. And collected data were processed using SPSS statistic program to analyze frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test and one-way ANOVA. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions : In terms of awareness about infection control, our respondents showed highest awareness about infectious waste control, and also showed highest level of practices in washing hands during emergency activities. Throughout all domains, awareness means were higher than practice means. In particular, infectious waste control was the domain of significant differences between awareness and practices. In terms of associations between awareness and individual characteristics, it was found that female rescue worker group and hospital/general hospital career group (before joining the Rescue 119) showed significantly higher awareness on statistic level. In regard to associations between individual characteristics and practices, it was found that female rescue worker group showed higher level of practices than male group on statistic level. This study also analyzed correlations between rescue workers' awareness and practice of infection control. As a result, it was found that the higher awareness was in correlations with the higher practices across all 6 domains including washing hands. In addition, the higher awareness of a questionnaire item was in significantly positive correlations with the higher practice of other items. However, our respondents showed high awareness about anti-infection, but low practices in reality. This indicates necessity of devising possible solutions to improve the practices as much as awareness. Especially, it was noted that major reasons for insufficient practices of infection control guideline come from unhabituated practices and lack of supports for infection-preventing supplies and protective device (mask, etc). Hence, it is necessary to provide more infection-preventing supplies for local rescue workers sufficiently, in parallel with steady habituation of infection control. Furthermore, it is required to manage and study infection control policies even at pre-hospital step in efforts for effective infection control, education and activities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2020

This study examined the effect of 119 emergency medical technicians' education over one year on the stroke knowledge and subjective perception of stroke care. A survey was conducted from February 17 through July 31, 2018, on 196 men and women who worked as 119 emergency medical technicians in G-do, C-do, and the provinces. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 version for Windows. The findings of the study were as follows. First, the general characteristics of the 119 emergency medical technicians were found to have affected their stroke education and their need for professional education, awareness levels of knowledge concerning stroke and their subjective awareness levels of stroke patient care. Second, one-year education for the 119 emergency medical technicians was found to have impacted on their stroke knowledge and subjective awareness levels concerning care for stroke patients. Third, the knowledge of the 119 emergency medical technicians on stroke was found to have influenced their subjective awareness levels of stroke patient care. Therefore, the results suggested that regular education and proper management to improve their knowledge on stroke and subjective awareness.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.19-32
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examined the effect of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), positive airway pressure, and the posture of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) when conducting CPR. Methods: Twenty 119 EMTs performed 30:2 CPR on a manikin for 4 min. Imaging data were digitized with Kwon3D XP (version 4.0). Data were collected by analyzing the motion when starting in one cycle, such as pressing to the maximum and in the final position (relaxed), and were analyzed with SPSS 18.0. Results: The angle of the elbow joints was significantly reduced (p < .05). The trunk angle was statistically significantly (p < .01, p < .001) increased. The angular velocities of the shoulder joint and left elbow joint were reduced (p > .05). The angular velocity of the trunk was significantly reduced in the starting and maximum compression postures. The hand-escape time was increased. The average compression depth was increased but not significantly (p > .05). The positive airway pressure was reduced (p > .05). Conclusion: The angle of the elbow joints and the angular velocity of the trunk were reduced, and the angle of the trunk was increased. The success of CPR and positive airway pressure was reduced.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3786-3793
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate the influence of self-image, and self-esteem of 119 Rescue workers in D city on job satisfaction. This research design was a descriptive study. Data were collected from November 19, 2012 to December 08, 2012, analyzed by SPSS 20.0 program. There were statistical difference between age, period of employment, position, and license and self-image. There were statistical difference between age, position, license and self-esteem. There were statistical differences between age, period of employment, position and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was positively related to self-image and self-esteem. In the multivariate regression analysis, adjusted R2 value was 0.268. It is necessary to enhance the career and awareness of job satisfaction of 119 rescue workers.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.145-162
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• 2021

Purpose: The 2018 General survey of emergency assistance was conducted to examine the working conditions and welfare, including educational direction, interests, and awareness of work, of the fire department emergency medical technicians (EMT). This would be used as basic data for future policy directions. Methods: Among the fire-fighting officers in 16 cities nationwide, emergency rescue workers engaged in first-aid activities were targeted. With prior consent, a survey was conducted through electronic documents. Of the total 1,227 people, responses from 1,151 were finally analyzed, excluding 76 who did not respond appropriately. Results: The working conditions and welfare of 119 firefighters were moderate, but in the fields of education and interest, the learning according to the regulations was high. In particular, satisfaction with the scope of work was found to be below average. However, it was positive that it will play a role as a social safety net in the future and will converge with cutting-edge science. Conclusion: Although this study was a total investigation of the EMT survey, conducting an EMT survey on all fire fighters in Korea is difficult. Further research is needed, particularly on first-class emergency medical personnel who play a major role in 119 paramedics.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2007

In Korea, Crowds, as well as more complex and larger structures, have been caused more victims in the event of fire. In that situation, EMSS should have done triage the patients according to their severity in the field, treat with standard guidelines as like advanced burn life support and transfer to appropriate facility. But in many cases, they didn't practice like that. The purpose of this study is to give basic data for proper emergency medical services by analysing EMSS of large scaled fire in Korea and suggesting some improvement methods. The improvment methods are like this ; First, developing of protocols about burn patient is needed for EMT and dispatcher. Second, Legal approval for advanced treatment is needed for EMT. Third, Fire-helicoptors are needed in Daejeon and Jeju. And Emergency Medical Helicoptors are needed in EMSS. Forth, more advanced emergency medical centers of burn must be established. Sixth, more pocket-mask and burn sheet are needed for 119 rescuer. Finally, building owners must change inflammable materials as non-inflammable materials and educate fire-prevention and first-aid to employees.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2017

Purpose: This study investigated the use of infection management and the frequency of emergency equipment sterilization by emergency rescue crews to provide basic guidelines and suggestions for infection control. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 160 emergency medical technician rescue crews in J area from May 7 to May 22 in 2015. The questionnaire consisted of 95 items, including the general characteristics of the subjects (8 items), the use of emergency equipment (33 items), the frequency of facility sterilization (33 items), infection control (12 items), vaccination (4 items), and the use of personal protective equipment (5 items). Results: In all, 97.3% of respondents were aware of the "Guidelines of Infection management for Rescue Operators' and 90.9% received training on infection control. A total of 72.7% and 47.3% of rescue centers were equipped with disinfection facilities and laundry rooms, respectively. The average frequency of sterilization was $3.17{\pm}0.75$, which significantly differed for teams with more clinical experience (p=.050) and teams with three members (p=.030). The average score for individual protective equipment supplies was $1.95{\pm}0.66$. Conclusion: For proper infection management of emergency equipment, our results suggest that the number of crew members should be increased for each ambulance, protective equipment and rescue products should be supplied, and the number of facilities for sterilization and laundry at rescue centers should be doubled.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.500-506
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• 2018

This study analyzed current prehospital emergency care for severe trauma patients administered by different number of 119 EMS (emergency medical services) teams. Out of 1,067 severe trauma patients transferred by 119 EMS teams in J province from January 1st to December 31st 2015, 438 were evaluated in this study. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used to analyze collected data. The number of patients with severe trauma during the period of study was higher in male with two and three ambulance crews of 119 EMS teams with 242 patients (70.6%) and 66 patients (69.5%) respectively. The percentage of transfers made to local emergency medical centers was highest in those two groups, being 44.0% (151 patients) and 49.5% (47 patients), respectively. Total time spent at the scene did not differ between ambulance crews of two and three, nor did the frequency of practicing advanced airway management and IV (intravenous) cannulation, or the success rate of IV cannulation (p=0.253, p=0.362, p=1.000). Overall, the results indicated that merely increasing the number of paramedics does not improve the quality of prehospital care for severe trauma patients. Measures such as securing professional paramedics, simplifying direct medical oversights, activating indirect medical oversights, and expanding the legally allowed work scope are required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of job-stress factors associated with fatigue among emergency rescue workers. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 264 rescue workers in J province from January 5 to March 14, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics about the subjects, health-related characteristics, a job stress instrument, and a subjective fatigue instrument. The results were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis to determine the factors related to fatigue. Fatigue was influenced by the personal characteristics of the rescue workers and job stress. To reduce fatigue, effort to manage and relieve stress is required after a job is done in the field. In addition, it is expected that fatigue can be reduced by providing methods that can improve the healthcare capacity of the rescue workers.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.207-220
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the application and utility of emergency rescue education and derive limitations, improvements and development directions of university education based on the field experience of 119 emergency medical technician(EMT)s. The research subjects were six new 119 emergency medical technician(EMT)s within three years of starting their first-aid service in the field. After conducting in-depth narrative interviews, the analysis was performed using Colaizzi method. The 82 formulated meanings were derived from significant statements. From formulated meanings, 23 themes, 4 theme clusters, 2 categories were identified. The four theme clusters were 'The effectiveness of university education', 'The limitations of university education', 'The direction of improvement in educational methodology' and 'The direction of improvement in educational contents. University education has been helpful overall, but limitations are observed at the same time, suggesting that it should be developed through the improvement of educational methodologies (i.e. problem-based learning, field case review, education through role-playing, simulation education, strengthening skill ect.) and educational content (i.e. training tailored to the field, education focused on trauma or cardiac arrest, expansion of triage education in disaster management, reinforcement of education on-site safety, education on special patients, diverse guidance and faculty for different perspectives).