• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.184-194
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• 2000

1.Purpose This study was researched in order to investigate the effect of Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami and Kamsuchunilhwan on the obesity in rats. 2. Methods The rats were divided into 10 groups - The normal group fed with normal diet. One of the sample groups fed with high fat diet, and since fifth week had fed with Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami. The other sample groups fed with high fat diet, and since fifth week had fed with Kamsuchunilhwan. The control group fed with high fat diet, and since fifth week had fed sodium chloride. 3. Results 1. The rate of increasing weight was significantly decreased after oral administration of Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami and Kamsuchunilhwan. 2. The rate of feeding effect was not significantly decreased after oral administration of Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami and Kamsuchunilhwan. 3. After oral administration of Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami, the quantities of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride on the serum were significantly decreased but that of lipid peroxide on the serum was significantly increased. 4. After oral administration of Kamsuchunilhwan., the quantities of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride on the serum were significantly decreased but those of HDL cholesterol, lipid peroxide on the serum were significantly increased. 4.Conclusion Hyungbangdojucksan-Gami and Kamsuchunilhwan have significant effects on the obesity in the rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary xylooligosaccharides on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activitiy in epididymal adipose tissue and lipid composition in serum of rats fed normal or high fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 $\pm$ 10 g were randomly divided into four groups, two normal diets and two high fat diets containing 1% cholesterol and 10% lard. Two normal diets were classified into a basal diet (normal group) and that with 10% xylooligosaccharide diet (NX group). The high fat diet groups were classified into a HF group without xylooligosaccharides diet and HFX group supplemented with 10% xylooligosacchride diet. Experimental diets were fed ad libitum to the rats for 4 weeks and then they were sacrificed. Body weight, epididymal weight and abdominal weight in HF group were hevier than the those of normal group, but HFX group was significantly reduced compared to HF group. Relative body weight to epididymal weight and relative body weight to abdominal weight in HF group were increased to 50%, 51%, respectively, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced 22%, 16%, respectively, compared to HF group. The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index in HFX groups were significantly lower than those of HF group, whereas HDL-cholesterol levels were significant increased. Triglyceride contents of epididymal adipose tissue in HF group was increased to 39%, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced to 15.8%, compared to HF group. Cholesterol contents of epididymal adipose tissue in HF group was increased 121%, compared to normal group, but HFX group was reduced to 26%, compared to HF group. The activity of LPL in epididymal adipose tissue was increased to 259% in HF group, compared to normal group and HFX group was reduced to 66%, compared to HF group. These result of this study suggested that improved lipid metabolism observed in rats fed xylooligosaccharides may be caused by an alteration of LPL activity in epididymal adipose tissue and lipid composition in serum.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1339-1348
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• 1999

In present study possible hypolipidemic effects of garlic were investigated in an experimental model which consisted of 4 groups of Wistar rats(three weeks old): CO group received a basal diet(as a standard diet) contained 6.3% of corn oil. LO group was taken the experimental diet in which only 6.3% corn oil in basal diet was substituted by 12.6% of lard oil. So the experimental diet was somewhat high saturated fat diet. LG1 group was treated orally with garlic juice as 1% of raw garlic in the diet together with the same diet as the diet for LO group. LG2 group was taken 2% of garlic under the same dietary condition as that of LG1 group. The rat body weights prior and posterior to the experimental period were measured and the amount of the experimental dietary intake was determined at every 3 day interval. After the experimental dietary period of 30 days the blood obtained from all the sacrificed rats were analyzed for the biochemical parameters. Over the one month period of experiment there was no abnormality or apparent change in appearance and activity or diet consumption in all experimental rat groups. LO group fed a diet rich in lard showed significantly increased body weight gain rate by 30% and also elevated levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol by 29.9%, 27.4% and 62.3% respectively and no significant difference in the levels of HDL cholesterol, GOT, GPT, blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen as compared to those of control group. So it seemed that the high calorie diet in LO group mainly contributed to the significant increase in body weight gain rate and other biochemical parameters. In spite of 1% garlic treatment LG1 group had significantly increased body weight gain rate by 25.2%, levels of triglyceride, total choesterol and LDL cholesterol by 25.2%, 24.6% and 50.5% respectively as compared to control and LO group, and no increase in the levels of HDL cholesterol, blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen. At garlic 1% diet there was no hypolipidemic efficacy in rat serum. Under the treatment with garlic 2% in diet LG2 group showed significantly increased body weight gain rate by 19.7% as compared to control and elevated levels of GOT, GPT and BUN by 85.8~96.4%, 127~148% and 88% respectively as compared to control, but LG2 group had significantly reduced levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol as compared to LOand LG1 group. In present study there were no significant change in HDL cholesterol and blood glucose value. In LG2 group GOT, GPT and blood urea nitrogen values were slightly increased presumably due to the inhibiting effects of garlic on the hepatic or renal function of rats. Nevertheless in this study garlic may have some demonstrable hypolipidemic effects in rat.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1993년도 학술대회지
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• pp.113-118
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• 1993

The lowering effect of cholesterol in Sprague Dawley rats was investigated with panaxydol which was purified from the petroleum ether soluble fraction(PESF) of Korean red ginseng. The level of total cholesterol(TC), Triglyceride(TG) and low density lipoprotein(LOL)-cholesterol in serum was reduced by $48\%,\;47\%\;and\;41\%,$ respectively while high density lipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterol was in creased up to $29\%$ as compared with their control values when the panaxydol(20 umoles. 5 mq/kq/day) was adminstered by intraperitoneal rout for 3 consecutive days along with a $1\%$ cholesterol diet. The hepatic ester cholesterol content which was increased in proportion to the cholesterol content of the diet in the control, clearly decreased with panaxydol administration to about $40\%$ regardless of the two diet cholesterol content. $1\%\;or\;2\%.$ A threshold of supression on the serum lipid levels in both administration routes was observed: the maximium suppression in i.p. and p.o. administration was observed to be at 5mq/kq b.w. and in the range of 50 - 100 mg/kg b.w., respectively. Panaxydol may reduce serum lipid and cholesterol levels by inhibiting cholesterol absorption and/or by modulating the cholesterol metabolism. at least in part.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

본 연구는 구운 마늘 분말의 혈청, 간 및 지방조직의 체내 지질대사 개선효과와 항비만 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 5주령된 흰쥐 수컷 32마리를 10일간 적응시킨 후 정상군(N), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군(대조군, C), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 1.5% 구운 마늘 분말 첨가군(GPL) 및 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 3% 구운 마늘 분말 첨가군(GPH)으로 나누어 4주간 실시하였다. 체중증가량과 식이섭취량은 실험군들간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고, 식이효율은 고지방-고콜레스테롤을 급여한 군들(C, GPL, GPH)이 대조군(C)에 비하여 증가하였다. 체중 100 g 당 간조직 및 장간막지방조직의 무게는 구운 마늘 급여에 따른 유의차는 없었고, 부고환지방 조직의 무게는 구운 마늘 분말 1.5%와 3% 첨가군들(GPL, GPH)이 대조군(C)에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 인하여 혈청 ALT, AST, ALP 및 LDH 활성이 증가되었으나, 혈청 AST 및 LDH 활성은 3% 구운 마늘 분말 첨가로 유의하게 저하되었다. 혈청 중성지방과 총콜레스테롤 함량은 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이 급여로 유의하게 증가하였으며, 구운 마늘 분말 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 특히 3% 구운 마늘 분말 첨가군(GPH)은 대조군(C)에 비하여 유의하게 감소되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이 급여로 감소되어진 혈청 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 구운 마늘 분말 첨가로 증가하였고, 혈청 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량, 동맥경화지수 및 심혈관위험지수는 구운 마늘 분말 첨가로 감소하여 동맥경화 및 심혈관 질환의 발병 위험률 감소 효과를 나타내었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 간과 지방조직의 중성지방 및 총콜레스테롤 함량이 증가되었으며, 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 간조직과 장간막지방조직의 총콜레스테롤 함량, 부고환조직의 중성지방 함량은 구운 마늘 급여로 저하되었다. 이상의 실험 결과 구운 마늘은 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 혈청, 간 및 지방조직의 지질대사 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 체내 지질대사 개선과 심혈관계 질환 예방효과가 클 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2003

Objectives: CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is known as the substance which decreases concentration of sarum lipid. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) on decreasing concentration of sarum lipid which are triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol in rat high cholesterol diet inducede hyperlipide rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, Normal group(supplied enough water and feeds only. Normal Group), high fat diet administered group(AIN-76 high fat diet #100496 used beef tallow for 4 weeks, Control Group) and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) administered group(AIN-76 high fat diet #100496 used beef tallow and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) extracts 85.0mg/200g 1time/day for 4 weeks. SS Group). Rats were sacrificed and concentration of triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were measured in rat's sarum lipid Results: There was no significant difference in the level of waight between each experimental group(F=0.243, p=0.787, ANOVA test), Concentration of triglyceride has no significant difference in each group(F=0.210, p=0.813, ANOVA test). There was significant increase of total cholesterol in the Control group compared to those of Normal but there was no significant difference in the SS group compared to the Control group(F=5.237, p=0.0l9, ANOVA test). There was a significant increase of HDL-cholesterol in the SS group compared to the Control group and decrease in Control group compared Normal group(F= 11.437, p=0.001, ANDYA test). Concentration of LDL -cholesterol was significantly different in each group(F= 16.377, p=0.0001, ANDYA test). It was significantly increased in the Control group compared with the Normal group and it has no difference in the SS group compared to the control group. TBARS values(Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) were significantly different in each group(F=5.242, p=0.0019, ANDYA test). It was significantly increased in the Control group compared with the Normal group and significantly decreased in SS group compared with the Control group. Conclusions: According to the above results, it is considered that CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is effective in decreaseing concentration of sarum lipid in high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipidemic rats.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.425-436
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• 1995

In order to evaluate the effect of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on the atherosclerosis induced by high cholesteol diet, rabbits were fed with 4% cholesterol diet, 4% cholesterol-4% Polygoni Multiflori Radix diet during 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, histological changes in coronary artery of rabbits were studied. The results were obtained as follows; 1. At the area % of lumen in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed significant inhibitory effect against decrease of area % in control group. 2. At the atheroma formation in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 3. At the mucoprotein formation in wall of coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 4. At the lesion of elastic fibers in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group didn't show effective changes as compared with control group.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.218-224
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Pueraria radix extract on lipid metabolism in the rats fed high fat diet. Male sprague dawley rats were given 5% Pueraria radix extract and fed diet containing 20 weight % fat. The results obtained were summarized as follows. Serum ALT and AST activities were reduced by Pueraria radix extract. Levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum were higher in the HF group than in the control, but showed no significant differences between control and HF Pue group. Liver total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride contents were increased by high fat diet, but were lower in the HF Pue group than in the HF group. Fat absorption rate was increased with high fat diet feeding and higher in the HF Pue group than in the HF group.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.116-125
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• 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dyslipidemia is considered at least partially responsible for the increased CVD risk in NAFLD patients. The aim of the present study is to understand how hepatic de novo lipogenesis influences hepatic cholesterol content as well as its effects on the plasma lipid levels. Hepatic lipogenesis was induced in mice by feeding a fat-free/high-sucrose (FF/HS) diet and the metabolic pathways associated with cholesterol were then analyzed. Both liver triglyceride and cholesterol contents were significantly increased in mice fed an FF/HS diet. Activation of fatty acid synthesis driven by the activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c resulted in the increased liver triglycerides. The augmented cholesterol content in the liver could not be explained by an increased cholesterol synthesis, which was decreased by the FF/HS diet. HMG-CoA reductase protein level was decreased in mice fed an FF/HS diet. We found that the liver retained more cholesterol through a reduced excretion of bile acids, a reduced fecal cholesterol excretion, and an increased cholesterol uptake from plasma lipoproteins. Very low-density lipoproteintriglyceride and -cholesterol secretion were increased in mice fed an FF/HS diet, which led to hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in Ldlr-/- mice, a model that exhibits a more human like lipoprotein profile. These findings suggest that dietary cholesterol intake and cholesterol synthesis rates cannot only explain the hypercholesterolemia associated with NAFLD, and that the control of fatty acid synthesis should be considered for the management of dyslipidemia.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the changes of the serological parameters of the rats fed a high fat and high cholesterol diets with or without quercetin supplement for five weeks. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats ($152.1{\pm}17.0\;g$ of body weight) were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the control(C) group were fed the high fat and high cholesterol diet containing 15% lard, 2% cholesterol and 0.5% sodium cholate (w/w). Rats in two treatment groups were fed the same diet supplemented with 0.25% quercetin (Q-0.25) or 0.5% quercetin (Q-0.5) on the weight to weight basis, respectively. The final body weight, gain of body weight, the amount of feed intake and the feed efficiency of rats in between control and treatment groups were not significantly different. Serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherogenic index(AI) of rats in both Q-0.25 and Q-0.5 groups were significantly lower than in C group (p < 0.05). However serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher in both Q-0.25 and Q-0.5 groups than in C group (p < 0.05). The levels of triglyceride in sera of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats showed no significant differences between control and treatment groups. Therefore the supplementation of quercetin to high fat and high cholesterol diet in rats was effective in reducing the levels of serum lipids to cause cardiovascular diseases and in elevating the level of HDL-C to protect cardiovascular diseases.