• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1012-1021
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of Wolbiga-banha-tang (WBBT) on high fat diet-induced rats. We divided the rats into 4 groups: normal (fed a general-fat diet), control (fed a high-fat diet and no treatment), $WBBT{\times}1$ (fed a high-fat diet and 250 mg/kg of Wolbiga-banha-tang extracts), and $WBBT{\times}2$ (fed a high-fat diet and 500 mg/kg of Wolbiga-banha-tang extracts). We measured the body weight, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total lipids, AST, ALT, and CBC in the serum of the obese rats for 7 weeks. There was a significant decrease in the control group, $WBBT{\times}1$, and $WBBT{\times}2$ in triglycerides and free fatty acids. The results suggest that WBBT is effective for lowering triglycerides and free fatty acids. Therefore, WBBT may be applied to the treatment of lipid metabolism in obesity and further clinical studies are needed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2016

In this study, we determined the effect of the mulberry leaf powder on blood lipid metabolism and liver function improvement of mice fed a high fat diet. The mulberry leaf showed a moisture content of $10.74{\pm}0.56%$, ash $9.67{\pm}0.56%$, crude protein $25.24{\pm}1.02%$, and crude fat $2.66{\pm}0.08%$. In the group with high fat diet supplemented with mulberry leaf powder, serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol) and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower (p<0.05); also, serum phospholipid and aspartate amino transferase (AST) levels were significantly lower (p<0.05). Serum insulin and leptin levels were high in mice fed a high fat diet; however, addition of mulberry leaf powder 10% in the diet had no significant effect on blood insulin and leptin control. The results of the study suggested that various plant sterols in mulberry leaf improve lipid metabolism and liver function in ICR-mice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1197-1203
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• 2001

고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에서 xylooligo당이 간조직중의 UDP-glucronyl transferase 활성과 분변을 통한 지질, 담즙산 및 중성 sterol류의 배설 및 장기능개선 효과를 관찰하였다. 실험동물은 100$\pm$10g의 Sprague-Dawley 횐쥐를 이용하여 정상 식이군과 1% 고콜레스테롤 실험군으로 나누고 다시 실험군은 1%의 고콜레스테롤 식이에 xylooligo당을 0%, 5%, 10% 및 15% 농도 첨가군(C, C5XO, C10XO 및 C15XO군)로 나누어 각군마다 10마리씩 4주간 자유섭식 시켰다. 분변중의 총지질 및 TG함량은 C군에 비해 xylooligo당 공급군에서 현저하게 증가되었다. 간 microsome의 UDP-glucuronyl transferase의 활성은 정상군에 비해 C군에서 35% 증가되었고 또 C5XO, C10XO 및 X15XO군은 C군에 비해 15%, 41% 및 21%씩 각각 증가되었다. 분변중의 bile acid 함량은 C군에 비해 C5XO, X10XO 및 C15XO군에서 3.1배, 3.6배, 2.8배씩 각각 증가되었다. 분변중 중성 스테롤류인 cholesterol, coprostanol, coprostanone 함량은 C군에 비해 xylooligo당 공급군에서 현저하게 증가되었다. 이상의 결과에서 xylooligo당은 고콜레스테롤 식이 횐쥐에서 간조직의 UDP-GTase활성을 증가시키고 분변으로 총지질 및 중성지방 그리고 스테롤류의 배설을 증가시키는 효과가 있었고 또 분변량도 증가시키는 장기능 개선 효과도 뚜렷하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.632-637
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of red pericarp glutinous rice rich in polyphenols (Jakwangchalbyeo, red rice) on serum and hepatic levels of cholesterol and hepatic protein expression linked to synthesis and degradation of cholesterol in a hypercholesterolemic mice diet as compared with brown rice. MATERIALS/METHODS: C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5 each), which were fed different diets for a period of 12 weeks: American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G diet, AIN-93G diet with 2% cholesterol, brown rice with 2% cholesterol, or red rice with 2% cholesterol. RESULT: Consumption of red rice resulted in a significant decrease in serum level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hepatic levels of triglyceride and total-cholesterol. Expression of acyl-coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2), sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2), and 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase was decreased, while expression of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMPK ratio, cholesterol 7-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP7a1), and sterol 12-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP8b1) was increased in mice fed red rice. Brown rice had similar effects on cholesterol metabolism, but the effect of red rice was significantly greater than that of brown rice. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggested that red rice had a hypocholesterolemic effect by lowering hepatic cholesterol synthesis through ACAT-2, HMG-CoA reductase, and SREBP-2, and by enhancing hepatic cholesterol degradation through CYP7a1 and CYP8b1 in mice fed a hypercholesterolemic diet.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Seunggijoui-tang on the weight of obese rats induced by high fat diet. A series of experiments have been conducted in order to measure the effects of above the body weight, serum and fat cell. The measurements have been performed on; (1) the increasing amount of body weight; (2) the quantity of total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum; (3) the size of the epididymal fat cell and the fat drops area in hepatic lobule. In the SG I (Group fed high fat diet and administered 42.5mg/100g extract of Seunggijoui-tang during 8 weeks), the weight decreased significantly throughout the whole research period. In the SG I & SG II (Group fed high fat diet and administered 85mg/100g extract of Seunggijoui-tang during 8 weeks), the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, phospholipid, LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG I, the serum free fatty acid decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG I & SG II, the serum HDL-cholesterol decreased in comparison with control group, but this result showed no efficacy. In the SG I, the epididymal fat cell decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG II, the fat drops area in hepatic lobule of rats decreased significantly in comparison with control group. Based on the above result, it is assumed that the clinical application of Seunggijoui-tang can help the treatment of obesity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에서 뱀딸기풀 파우더가 간조직의 항산화작용에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험군을 4군으로 나누어 정상 식이군(N 군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이군(HF 군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이에 뱀딸기풀 파우더를 5% 첨가한 군(DA 군), 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이에 뱀딸기풀 파우더를 10% 첨가한 군(DB 군)으로 나누었다. 식이 및 식수는 자유섭취하게 하였으며 4주간 사육한 후 희생시켰다. 간 조직 중의 항산화 효소계인 GSH-px 및 catalase 활성은 정상군(N 군)에 비해 HF 군에서는 유의적으로 감소되었으나 HF 군에 비해 뱀딸기풀 파우더 공급군(DA 및 DB 군)에서는 유의적으로 증가되었다. 유리기를 소거하는 지표인 간조직의 superoxide radical 함량을 microsome에서 측정한 결과 정상군에 비해 HF 군에서 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으나 뱀딸기풀 공급으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 또한 mitochondria에서는 HF 군에 비해 DB 군에서 정상군 수준으로 감소되어졌다. 간조직의 cytosol에서 $H_2O_2$의 함량에서는 DA 및 DB 군 모두에서 유의적인 감소로 정상군 수준을 나타내었다. 간조직의 microsome 및 mitochondria에서의 산화단백질 함량은 정상군에 비해 HF 군에서 유의적으로 증가 되었으나 뱀딸기풀 파우더의 공급으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 과산화지질의 함량을 간조직에서 관찰 한 결과, 정상군에 비해 HF 군에서 유의적으로 증가하였고, 또한 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이로 인해 증가된 과산화지질은 뱀딸기풀 파우더를 공급한 군에서 감소를 나타내었으며, 특히 10% 공급한 군에서 유의한 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 뱀딸기풀에 함유된 여러 항산화성분들은 효과적으로 활성산소종을 소거하여 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이로 인해 유발된 산화적 손상을 효과적으로 완화시켰을 것이라 사료되어진다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2000

미나리즙 투여가 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 혈장과 지질과산화에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. Sprague-Dawely계의 횐쥐를 I(정상군)과 II(대조군:고지방식이급여군), 그리고 미나리즙의 처리수준에 따라 III(고지방식이급여군+미나리즙(1.0 ml) 과 IV(고지방식이급여군+미나리즙(1.5 ml)의 4군으로 나누어 7주간 사육하였다. 실험종료일의 체중은 고지방식이 급여로 모두가 정상군보다 높은 수치를 보였다(p>0.05). 그러나 대조군과 미나리즙군 간에는 미나리즙군이 다소 감소하는 경향이었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 식이섭취량 및 효율은 각 처리군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다 (p>0.05). Total-cholesterol도 미나리즙 투여에 의해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05), HDL-cholesterol은 미나리즙(1.0 ml) 급여군이 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다. GPT는 처리군간에 유의차가 없었으나 GOT활성은 처리군이 대조군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 항산화효소인 glutathione peroxidase의 활성은 처리군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). Lipid peroxide는 고지방식이 급여군에서 증가하였으나(p>0.05), 미나리즙의 투여는 lipid peroxide를 감소시키지 못하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.344-350
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• 1998

Lipid lowering properties from three plant water extracts, Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum, were tested by supplementing a 1% high-cholesterol diet with them in rats. Plasma triglyceride levels in Rosa fugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum groups were significantly lower compared to that of the control. by 29% , 24% and 47% respectively. hepatic trigylceride levels in Rosa rugosa and Crataegus pinnatifida groups were significantly lower compared to the control by 11% and 15% respectively. Hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity in Rosa rugosa group was significantly greater compared to the control by 406%. Hepatic ACAT activity was significantly lower in Polygonum cuspidatum group compared to the control by 28%. by multiple regression results, only plasma cholesterol was associated significantly (p<0.05) with liver HMG-CoA reductase activity. Plasma cholesterol explained 12% of thevariance of the liver HMG-CoA redctase activity. In conclusion, we have showen that hot water extracts from Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum lowered plasma triglycerides in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Data suggests that these extracts could potentially prevent or treat hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high fat diet and fatty liver.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was performed to investigate the effect of herbal acupuncture(Crataegus pinnatifida) at WI-SU($BL_{21}$) on weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, serum of lipid concentrations, liver function and cardiovascular risk of rats fed high fat diet for 8weeks. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into high fat diet group(Control), high fat diet and saline in $BL_{21}$ treated group(Saline), high fat diet and Crataegus pinnatifida-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{21}$ treated group(HA-1, 0.08mg/ml/g), high fat diet and Crataegus pinnatifida-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{21}$ treated group(HA-2, 0.04mg/ml/g), high fat diet and Crataegus pinnatifida-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{21}$ treated group(HA-3, 0.016mg/ml/g), Herbal acupuncture was bilaterally treated at Crataegus pinnatifida-herbal acupuncture in both $BL_{21}$ 1time (0.2cc) per 4days, total 14 times in 56days. Results : Body weight was decreased in HA-1 and food efficiency was decreased in HA-1, HA-3. Feed intake was increased in HA-3. The level of serum total cholesterol was decreased in Saline, HA-1, HA-2, HA-3. The level of serum HDL-cholesterol was increased in HA-1, but LDL-cholesterol was not significant. The level of serum triglyceride was decreased in HA-1, HA-2, HA-3. and the level of serum Total Bilirubin was decreased in HA-1. The level of serum Atherogenic index was decreased in HA-1, HA-2, HA-3. and the level of serum HTR was increased in HA-3. The evel of serum AST, ALT were increased in saline, and the level of serum r-GTP was not significant. Conclusions : Crataegus pinnatifida acupuncture in Wi-Su($BL_{21}$) can control the body weight, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, total bilirubin, and prevention cardiovascular risk. And Crataegus pinnatifida acupuncture is not injurious on liver function.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.501-506
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• 2016

BACKGROUNG/OBJECTIVES: Corn silk (CS) extract contains large amounts of maysin, which is a major flavonoid in CS. However, studies regarding the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism in C57BL/6J mouse fed high-fat diets. MATERIALS/METHODS: Normal-fat group fed 7% fat diet, high-fat (HF) group fed 25% fat diet, and high-fat with corn silk (HFCS) group were orally administered CS extract (100 mg/kg body weight) daily. Serum and hepatic levels of total lipids, triglycerides, and total cholesterol as well as serum free fatty acid, glucose, and insulin levels were determined. The mRNA expression levels of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), low-density lipoprotein receptor, 3-hyroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), adiponectin, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ were determined. RESULTS: Oral administration of CS extract with HF improved serum glucose and insulin levels as well as attenuated HF-induced fatty liver. CS extracts significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of adipocytokines and reduced mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR. The mRNA expression levels of CYP7A1 and LCAT between the HF group and HFCS group were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: CS extract supplementation with a high-fat diet improves levels of adipocytokine secretion and glucose homeostasis. CS extract is also effective in decreasing the regulatory pool of hepatic cholesterol, in line with decreased blood and hepatic levels of cholesterol though modulation of mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR.