• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 연구는 골프코스 내에 조성된 연못물의 계절별 수질변화를 조사하고, 강우량과 관수량 및 시비량이 연못의 수질변화에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하고자 2007년 5월부터 2008년 11월까지 SKY72 골프클럽의 연못을 대상으로 수행하였다. 수질조사를 위해 배출수 3점, 관개수 2점, 연못을 $5{\sim}7$점 등 총 $10{\sim}12$점의 시료를 11회 채취하여 pH, 전기전도도(EC), DO, SS, T-N, $PO_4$-P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, 나트륨흡착을(SAR), BOD 및 COD와 같은 수질 항목을 분석하였다. 수질의 변화는 건조기에는 pH, EC, DO, T-N, $PO_4$-P, K, Ca, Mg, Na 및 SAR 등이 높게 나타났고, 장마기에는 SS, BOD, COD 등이 높게 나타났다. 연못물의 질소와 인함량은 각각 $1.2{\sim}28.8\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$와 $0.005{\sim}0.172mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$를 나타내어 환경부의 부영양화기준을 초과하였다. 수질분석항목들 상호간의 상관관계를 조사한 결과, 전기전도도는 K, Ca, Mg, Na 및 SAR에서 정의 상관성 (P<0.01)을 보였고, 부유물질은 BOD와 COD에서 정의 상관성(P<0.05)을 나타내었다. 강수량과 수질분석항목들 사이의 상관관계에서 SAR과 총질소가 각각 정의 상관성(P<0.01)과 부의 상관성(P<0.01) 보였고, 관수량과 수질항목들 사이의 상관관계에서 pH와 총질소가 각각 정의 상관성(P<0.01)과 부의 상관성 (P<0.01)을 보였으며, 시비량과 수질과의 상관관계에서 비료성분 중 질소와 칼리가 정의 상관성(P<0.01)을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 종합할 때, 전기전도도는 염류 및 이온에 대한 계절별 수질의 변화를 모니터링하기에 적합한 지표항목이며, 강우와 관수에 의해 시비된 질소와 칼리가 연못에 유입되는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.176-187
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to identify the relationship between marital intimacy, depression, and menopausal symptoms, and to provide basic data for the health promotion of middle-aged women. Methods: A sample of 231 middle-aged women was recruited from four cities in Korea. The survey was conducted with participants using self-reported questionnaire from July 9 to November 11, 2011. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Correlation Analysis. Results: There were differences of marital intimacy scores that were statistically significant in educational background (F=6.88, p=.001), religion (t=3.96, p<.001), own job (F=4.47, p=.012), own salary (F=3.01, p=.019), spouse's salary (F=6.72, p<.001), ownership of residence (t=4.00, p<.001), leisure with spouse (t=-5.05, p<.001), current treatment of disease (t=2.22, p=.027), and current disease (t=2.53, p=.012). Marital intimacy was correlated with depression (r=-0.61, p<.01) and menopausal symptoms (r=-0.39, p<.01). Conclusion: Marital intimacy in middle-aged women is closely related to both depression and menopausal symptoms. The nursing program that improves marital intimacy will be useful to promote the health of middle-aged women.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1994

In order to evaluate thelong-term results of conservative treatment on TMJ closed lock, a follow-up study of thirst-two patients was performed 2 to 7 year after treatment. Evaluating method included the questionnaire, clinical examination, transcranial radiograph and mandibular kinesiography. The results were as follows : Seventy-eight percents of patients reported that symptoms were reduced completely or considerably. Recurrent headache was improved after treatment (72 percents of success rate). There was a significant decrease in VAS after treatment and at follow-up comparing with that of before treatment(p<0.01). Most common variable of Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index at follow-up was impared TMJ function. There was a significant decrease in Fricton's craniomandibular index and dysfunction index(p<0.01) Mean interincisal distance was increased by 14.07mm after treatment and was also increased at follow-up by 2.80mm comparing with that of after treatment(p<0.01). Before treatment, condylar translation measurements of affected and non-affected sides on the transcranial radiograph were 4.89±3.20mm and 9.09±3.73mm respectively and at follow- up examination, those were 14.98±4.77 and 17.05±4.35mm respectively. At follow-up, condylar translation were increased significantly comparing with those of before treatment(p<0.01). In 93.1% of patients, the condylar position of affected side at maximum mouth opening was behind the articular eminence before treatment but the percentage was decreased to 13.8% at follow-up(p<0.01). The pattern and range of mandibular movements at follow-up examination were similar to the typical normal movements. And in 16 cases showing lateral deviation of opening path, the deviation was directed to the affected and non-affected sides with the same frequency.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2004

Background : The part to be very important that we make the physical development rightly at elementary school student days. Objective : This study investigated the relation of a physical health status which itself recognizes and an exercise performance situation out for an elementary school students. Methods : This cross-sectional study examined health and exercise performance status of 1,032 elementary school children. To examine children's a physical injury experience and injury occurrence characteristic and a personal computer utility condition, a body alignment status of the student which parents recognize and the relation of a fatigue and concentration level was an investigation with other factors. Results: An average age of the children was the 10.95 yr and an average weight was the 39.02 kg and an average height was the 145.17cm. The student to be experiencing currently an pain occurrence was 192(19.07%). It was most high to the grade 6(23.33%) compared with different grade(p<.01). Physical pain occurrence rate did not exist by gender(p>.05). There is most an pain occurrence region the ankle(38.0%). They had a 27.19% an physical injury experience of the students. A injury rate was revealed that were high as were the high grade(grade 6, 36.72%)(p<.01). A reason of the injury rate was high in a collision at the body(19.84%), falling down(18.68%) sequence at a traffic accident(22.96%)(p<.05). There were the significant relation to the school year the reason of the injury (p<.05). Currently there was the student to be taking special exercises a 57.97%. This that they have the relation with exercise with physical pain students to recognize 23.8%. The significant relation did not exist in the physical exercise execution and pain occurrence on the body(p>.05).

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.297-306
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• 1997

This study was conducted to identify the effects of caffeine on the change of blood chemistry components in the serum of the rat(Sprague-Dawley, female). The experimental groups were divided into 7 groups according to the time lapsed after a single oral administration of 100mg/kg caffeine(that is control, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hrs lapsed group) to the rats. The concentrations of glucose, urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin, A/G ratio, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and phospholipid as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were measured in the serum of each experimental groups. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows ; 1. The concentrations of serum glucose were significantly higher($\rho$<0.01) between 4 (143.0 mg/dl) and 8 hrs(138.0mg/dl) in comparison to the control(101.1mg/dl) after a single oral administration of caffeine(100mg/kg). Whereas there were no significant differences in the concentrations of urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin and albumin/globulin(A/G) ratio in comparison to the control. 2. The concentrations of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in serum were significantly higher ($\rho$<0.01) between 4(77.4mg/dl, total cholesterol) and 8 hrs(64.7mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol) in comparis to the control(62.8, 46.7mg/dl) after a single oral administration of caffeine (100 mg/kg). On the other hand, the concentrations of triglyceride in serum were significantly lower($\rho$<0.01) after 8 hrs(38.8mg/dl) in comparison to the control(66.5mg/dl). 3. The activities of AST in serum was significantly higher($\rho$<0.05) from 2 hrs(149 U/L) to 8 hrs(178 U/L) in comparison to the control(112 U/L) after a single oral administration of caffeine (100mg/kg). The activities of ALT in serum were significantly higher($\rho$<0.01) at 4(45.5 U/L), 24(49.3 U/L), 48(46.8 U/L) and 72 hrs(42.3 U/L) in comparison to the control (39.7 U/L) after a single oral administration of caffeine (100mg/kg) On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the activities of ALP in comparison to the control.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.133-138
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• 1999

To study the antimicrobial effect of fluoride-releasing removable orthodontic appliances, 0 wt%(Group 1), 5 wt%(Group 2) and 10 wt%(Group 3) of $CaF_2$ were added to orthodontic resin. The specimens were then put in media in which S. mutans and Lactobacillus, known cariogenic bacteria, were cultured. Inhibiting zones were measured 24, 48 and 72 hours later. The following conclusions were reached: 1 In the Lactobacillus media, no zone of inhibition was observed regardless of the time passed. 2. In the S. mutans media, zones of inhibition were observed after 48 hours. 3. S. mutans showed greater inhibition in Group 3 compared to Group 2, after 72 hours rather than 48 hours(p<0.01).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3881-3885
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• 2016

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have fundamental roles in tumorigenesis. MiR-675 is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells. However, the roles of miR-675 in hepatocellular carcinogenesis are still not fully elucidated. In this study, we focus on investigating the effect and mechanism of miR-675 in proliferation of HCC cells. Materials and Methods: The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assays after transfection with miR-675 inhibitor and miR-675 mimics in HCC cells. The expression level of miR-675 was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of Cdc25A was measured by western blotting analysis. Results: In MTT assays, overexpression of miR-675 promoted the proliferation of HCC cells(P<0.05. at 48 hours, P<0.01. at 72 hours) compared with the miR-675mimics control group. Downexpression of miR-675 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells(P<0.05. at 48 hours, P<0.01. at 72 hours) compared with the miR-675inhibitor control group. In western blotting analysis, the expression level of Cdc25A was significantly increased (p<0.05) after treatment with miR-675 mimics. The expression level of Cdc25A was significantly decreased (p<0.05) after treatment with miR-675 inhibitor. Conclusions: Our results indicate that miR-675 promotes the proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by associating with Cdc25A signaling pathway.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

This study was focused on the use of partial replacement of cement with glass powder in high strength concrete and also copper slag as a partial replacement of coarse sand in concrete. The high strength concrete was prepared with different mineral admixtures like silica fume, fly ash and rice ash husk in different proportions. An experimental investigation has been carried to study about the effect of glass powder on high strength copper slag concrete. The range of glass powder was 10%, 15% and 20% as a replacement of cement. The range of copper slag was 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% as a replacement of natural sand. In addition to the different percentage of fly ash, silica fume, and rice husk ash 5% and 10% was also studied in copper slag concrete. Thus, a total of 51 cubes were casted and compressive strength test was performed on them. The result of the study shows that the value of average compressive strength of concrete after addition of 10%, 15% and 20% of glass powder are 70.47, 72.01 and 73.31 respectively. The value of average compressive strength after addition of 20%, 40% and 60% copper slag as a replacement of sand are 72.18, 74.38 and 73.08 respectively. The value of average compressive strength after addition of 5% and 10% fly ash as a replacement of cement are 71.56 and 73.22. The value of average compressive strength after addition of 5% and 10% silica fume as a replacement of cement are 72.33 and 73.53. The value of average compressive strength after addition of 5% and 10% rice husk ash as a replacement of cement are 72.86 and 69.49. At the level of 20% replacement of cement by glass powder meets maximum strength as compared to that of controlled concrete and copper slag high strength concrete.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1996

체외수정 시술을 위해 중앙대학교부속병원 산부인과학 교실 불임크리닉을 방문한 환자중 1993년 3월부터 1994년 8월까지 난관폐쇄로 인하여 불임이 된 환자 113명(119주기)을 대상으로 GnRH-a 병합요법 중 Short protocol 방법으로 과배란시 임신된 45명(47주기)과 임신이 되지 않은 68명(72주기)에서 hCG 투여 당일 혈청내 E2 및 P4 수치를 측정하여 임신의 결과를 비교하였다. 1. 환자의 평균 연령 및 불임기간은 임신군에서 $33.2{\pm}14.8$세 및 $4.2{\pm}3.4$년이었으며 비 임신군에서는 $34.5{\pm}21.7$세 및 $3.9{\pm}2.8$년으로 연령 및 불임기간의 차이는 없었다. 2. hGC 투여 당일 측정한 혈중 E2치는 임신군에서는 $1643{\pm}987.9$ pg/ml, 비임신군에서는 $1367{\pm}875.8$ pg/ml로 임신군에서 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 또한 혈중 LH치는 인신군 에서는 $16.7{\pm}10.4$ ng/ml, 비임신군에서는 $18.3{\pm}8.3$ ng/ml로 임신군에서 유의하게 낮았다 (P<0.01). 혈중 P4치는 임신군에서는 $1.0{\pm}0.7$ ng/ml이었고 비임신군에 서는 $2.1{\pm}1.4$ ng/ml로서 임신군에서 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.001). 3. hCG 투여당일 E2/P4 비는 임신군에서 $1865.6{\pm}318.1$, 비임신군에서는 $1324{\pm}377.7$ 로서 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.01)(Table 3). 4. 주기당 수정율은 임신군에서 $61.3{\pm}21.3%$, 비임신군에서는 $41.1{\pm}20.3%$로 임신군에서 의미있게 높았고(P<0.01) 이식된 배아의 수는 임신군 47주기에서 $4.2{\pm}2.2$개, 비임신군 72주기에서는 $2.3{\pm}1.2$개로 두 군간의 차이는 없었다(Table 4). 이상에서 임신이 된 군은 임신이 안된 군보다 혈중 progesterone 치가 의미있게 낮았고 혈중 estradiol 치는 의미있게 높았음을 알 수 있었다. 혈중 progesterone 및 estradiol치는 과배란 유도 후 체외수정시술에 있어서 수정율 및 임신율에 영향을 줄 수 있다고 생각되며 이는 체외수정시술시 과배란후 임신의 예후판정에 효용성이 있을것으로 사료된다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1993

MgGa2-xInxSe4 single crystal을 bridgman technique로 성장시켰다. 성장된 단결정은 rhombohedral 구조를 가지고 있었으며, lattice constant는 a=3.950~4.070$\AA$, c=38.89~39.50$\AA$으로 주어졌고, 높은 photoconductivity를 가지고 있었다. 이 단결정의 energy gap은 2.20~1.90eV이었고, photoconductivity spectrum에 peak의 energy는 2.31~2.01eV로 주어졌으며, photoconductivity의 time constant는 0.24~0.34sec로 주어졌다.