• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.870-879
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• 2015

The objective of this research was to evaluate the inhibitory activities of phenolic compounds isolated from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves of 109 types against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The inhibitory activity of the water extracts from Morus alba cv. Kuksang against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were determined as 93.8% and 48.7% respectively. The total phenolic content of extracts from Morus alba cv. Kuksang was 9.7±0.2 mg/g soluble in water and 14.3±0.2 mg/g soluble in ethanol. The inhibitory activity of the water extracts from Morus alba cv. Kuksang at 200 μg/ml phenolics concentration against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were determined as 100% and 82.6% respectively. The purification of inhibitory compounds was carried out by Sephadex LH-20 and MCI-gel CHP-20 column chromatography using a gradient elution procedure by nomal phase type (EtOH→distilled water) and reverse phase type (distilled water→MeOH). The quercetin was confirmed to be the chemical structure of the inhibitory compound against α-amylase and α-glucosidase by spectroscopic analysis of FAB-MS, NMR and IR spectrum.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2016

The extraction and purification of the anti-hyperglycemic α-glucosidase inhibitor from an edible mushroom, Pleurotus cornucopiae, were investigated. The inhibitor was maximally extracted when the P. cornucopiae fruiting body was treated with distilled water at 30℃ for 12 h. Purification was achieved using Sephadex G-100 and G-50 filtration chromatography, pepsin hydrolysis, and reverse-phase HPLC. The compound’s solid yield and inhibitory activity were 12.2% and 9.10 mg/ml of IC₅₀, respectively. The purified inhibitor contained two hexapeptides with Thr-Ile-Ala-Phe-Ile-Asp (A) and Tyr-Tyr-Ala-Ile-Gly-Asp (B) sequences and molecular weights of 678.79 Da (A) and 643.7 Da (B). The purified inhibitor showed a mixed inhibition pattern to α-glucosidase and a dose-dependent anti-hyperglycemic effect in a streptozotocininduced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rat model, exhibited by decreased blood glucose levels at doses of 50 and 300 mg/kg.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.504-507
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• 2005

Trichoderma reesei KCTC 6952 possesses cellulase system consisting of three enzymatic components necessary to synergistically hydrolyze crystalline cellulose, among which ${\beta}$-glucosidase effectively releases glucose from glycoside derivatives. ${\beta}$-Glucosidase of T. reesei KCTC 6952 grown in modified Mandels' medium showed maximum activity(1.33 unit/mL) 4 days after initiation of growth. Optimal reaction conditions of the enzyme were 50 mM sodium acetate (pH 5) at $70^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. Enzymatic activities stabilized below $50^{\circ}C$ at pH range of 4-5. Results show ${\beta}$-glucosidase exerted its catalytic activities at relatively high temperatures and broad pH range.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.2 s.89
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• pp.94-99
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• 1999

For the purpose of utilizing cellulose resources by cellulolytic enzymes of Stropharia rugosoannulata, it's cultural conditions for the prodution of cellulolytic enzymes in synthetic media were investigated. The optimum pH for the production of Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was pH 5.0, while that of CMCase was pH 4.0. The optimum temperature for the production of Avicelase, CMCase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was $40^{\circ}C$. Among the carbon sources, xylose was good for the production of CMCase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$, but maltose was good for the production of Avicelase. The optimum concentration of the carbon sources for the production of CMCase, Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 1.0, 0.8 and 1.1%, respectively. As inorganic nitrogen sources, $NH_4Cl$ was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of $NH_4Cl$ for the production of CMCase was 0.3% while that of Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 0.4%. As organic nitrogen sources, malt extract was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of organic nitrogen for the production of ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 1.3% while that of CMCase and Avicelase was 1.0%. As the mineral sources, $CoCl_2$ good for the was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of $CoCl_2$ for the production of all the three enzymes was 0.35%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.921-925
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• 2003

To control blood glucose level as close to normal is the major goal of treatment of diabetes mellitus. $\alpha$-glucosidase is the enzyme to digest dietary carbohydrate and inhibition of $\alpha$-glucosidase could suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. The methanol extract of soybean sprout was tested for the inhibitory activities against $\alpha$-glucosidase in vitro. Soybean sprout extract inhibited yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase activity by 24.5% at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. The methanol extract of soybean sprout was subsequently subjected to sequential fractionation with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Among the fractions tested ethyl acetate-soluble fraction showed relatively strong inhibition against $\alpha$-glucosidase by 36.3% at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. Acarbose, standard $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor, inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase activity by 40.1%. The ability of soybean sprout extract to lower postprandial glucose was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Starch solution (1 g/kg) with and without the methanol extract of soybean sprout (500 mg/kg) was administered to diabetic rats after an overnight-fast by gastric intubation. A single oral dose of soybean sprout extract inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels significantly at 60, 90, 120, 180 min (p<0.05) and decreased incremental response areas under the glycemic response curve significantly (p<0.05). These results suggest that soybean sprout might exert hypoglycemic effect by inhibiting $\alpha$-glucosidase activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2002

A filamentous fungus, strain FB01 showing high $\beta$-glucosidase activity was isolated from a compost. This fungus was cocultured with Trichoderma viride to enhance the productivity of $\beta$-glucosidase by changing inoculation time of the fungus. The microbial consortium showed higher cellulolytic enzyme production than T. viride alone. The maximal enzyme production was obtained when the microbial consortium was cultured at 30$\^{C}$ and pH 6.0 for 10 days with the activities of CMCase, $\beta$-glucosidase, and avicelase of 2.0, 0.8, and 0.2 U/mL, respectively. These enzyme activities were 2, 4, and 2 times as high as those of CMCase, p-glucosidase, avicelase from T. viride, respectively, indicating that a synergistic interaction appeared between T. viride and strain FBOI . The serial subcultures with pH control increased $\beta$-glucosidase production about 3.2 times. Enzyme production using ricestraw as a carbon source showed that the activities of CMCase, $\beta$-glucosidase, and avicelase were 3.69, 0.76, 0.17 U/mL, respectively, and $\beta$-glucosidase activity was 1.5 times higher than that of T viride.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.210-212
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• 2003

Recombinant $\beta$-glucosidase from Thermus caldophilus GK24 was easily purified partially by a heat treatment procedure, resulting in 8-fold and recovery yield of 80% from crude enzyme. When the $\beta$-glucosidase was incubated with a 80% glucose solution (w/w), gentiobiose ($\beta$1,6-glucobiose) was the major product in the reaction mixture. The optimal conditions for producing gentiobiose (11% yields of total sugar) were pH 8-9 and 7$0^{\circ}C$ for 72 h.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 1984

The effects of cultural conditions in the rice straw media for cellulolytic enzymes production by Pleurotus sajor-caju were investigated. The optimum moisture content, pH and temperature for enzymes production were 60%, 7.0 and $35^{\circ}C$ in $C_1-cellulase$, and 60%, 5.0 and $25^{\circ}C$ in $C_x-cellulase$, and 60%, 7.0 and $20^{\circ}C$ in ${\beta}-glucosidase$, respectively. When light was irradiated during the cultivation period, $C_1-cellulase$ and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ production were decreased but $C_x-cellulase$ production increased at $500{\sim}1,000\;lux$. During the cultivation period, $C_1-cellulase$ production was contrary to $C_x-cellulase$ and ${\beta}-glucosidase$. Among the various materials added, rice bran was effective to $C_1-cellulase$ production, cotton seed cake and rice bran to $C_x-cellulase$ production, and defatted soybean and fish meal to ${\beta}-glucosidase$ production. The optimum concentration of rice bran for enzymes production were 20% in $C_{1-}$, $C_x-cellulase$ and 10% in ${\beta}-glucosidase$.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.441-444
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• 2002

This study was targeted to develope a microbial consortium having high cellulase production. A filamentous fungus, strain FB01, isolated from a compost showed high ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity especially. The strain FBOl was co-cultured with Trichoderma viride to enhance the productivity of ${\beta}-glucosidase$, changing inoculation time of one strain (FB01). The microbial consortium prepared showed the higher cellulytic enzyme production than T. viride well-known. The maximal enzyme production was obtained when the microbial consortium was cultured at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0 for 10days and the activities of CMCase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$, and avicelase were 2.0, 0.8, and 0.2 U/mL, respectively. These enzyme activities were 2, 4, and 2 times as high as those of CMCase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$, avicelase from T. viride, respectively, indicating that a synergistic interaction appeared between T viride and strain FB01. The serial subcultures by pH control increased ${\beta}-glucosidase$ production about 3.2 times. Also, enzyme production using rice-straw as a carbon source showed that the activities of CMCase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$, and avicelase were 3.69, 0.76, 0.17 U/mL, respectively, and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity was 1.5 times higher than that of T. viride. Consequently, microbial consortium showed the considerabely enhanced production of the cellullolytic enzymes, such as CMCase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$, and avicelase compared those of T. viride, and a favorable stability for the enzyme production even in the serial subcultures.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.331-336
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• 2012

In this study, we selected Gardeniae fructus (GF) as an anti-inflammatory functional material and improved the biological activity of GF through the treatment of ${\beta}$-glucosidase. For the simple evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, the inhibitory activity of GF extract (GFE) on the production of NO by RAW264.7 cells in the presence of LPS was examined. ${\beta}$-glucosidase originating from Aspergillus niger or Aspergillus fumigatus has effectively improved the anti-inflammatory activity of GFE. The enzyme treatment raised the activity of GFE by more than 10 times. The optimum conditions for the enzyme reaction were at pH 4.6, $45^{\circ}C$, and 20 U/mL for 24 h with agitation. In addition, in vitro production of cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$), COX-2, and the NF-${\kappa}B$ activation of RAW264.7 cells decreased more in the presence of GFE treated with ${\beta}$-glucosidase originating from Aspergillus niger (GFAN) than in the presence of GFE. These results suggest that enzyme-treated GFE might be a potential candidate for natural anti-inflammatory food materials.