• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.719-730
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• 2020

This study examined the degree and relations of stroke literacy, health literacy, stroke knowledge, and self-management to identify the significant determining factors affecting stroke prevention among middle-aged and older adults with a high incidence of stroke. Data on the sociodemographic characteristics, stroke literacy, health literacy, stroke knowledge, and self-management of 198 participants were collected from December 5, 2019, to March 31, 2020, using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The determining factors affecting self-management in middle-aged and older adults were age (β=.190. p=.015), followed in order by smoking (β=-.226, p=.001), self-rated health status (β=.297, p<.001), and stroke knowledge (β=-.168, p=.014); the explanation power was approximately 20.3%. The results suggest that the self-rated health status and stroke knowledge should be considered when developing nursing interventions to improve self-management among middle-aged and older adults. Furthermore, it will be necessary to find the intervening variable between stroke knowledge and self-management for community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults in the community. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of systematic and ongoing education on stroke prevention.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.187-192
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to delve into the factors associated with the oral health promotion behaviors of college students. The subjects in this study were 453 students who attended three different colleges in Gyeonggi province. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed with SPSSWIN 12.0 program. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Concerning the basic oral health care of college students, 54.1 percent had ever visited dental clinics over the last year, and 53.4 percent hadn't received any preventive treatment during the same period of time. 2. As to their self-perception of oral health status, 80.1 percent didn't find themselves to be in good oral health. 3. Regarding the influence of their general characteristics, their self-efficacy was statistically significantly different according to their gender (p = .022). Their control of oral health varied statistically significantly with their major(p = .000), and whether or not they smoked (p = .004) made a statistically significant difference to that as well. Their oral health knowledge differed statistically significantly with their gender (p = .000), major(p = .000) and age group(p = .000), and whether or not they smoked(p = .006) made a statistically significant difference to that as well. 4. As for correlation among the variables, better oral health promotion behaviors were found among those whose self-efficacy was higher, whose control of oral health was better and who had more knowledge on oral health. 5. Preventive treatment, control of oral health and self-efficacy were identified as the variable that affected their oral health promotion behaviors.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.85-98
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• 2008

This study is to enforce to ready basic data of effective dental education program and no smoking and no drinking program for high school students who do smoking and drinking, executed investigation by own recording way using smoking and questionnaire consisted of actual conditions and caries prevention awareness and dental health knowledge degree of drinking to some man high school. Analyzes result that total 487 people respond in SPSS WIN 13.0 programs and got following sequence. Result of this study is as following. 1. Mans high school students had more students who do not than a drinking student and main current received most soju. Third-year student appeared by thing which receive a lot of soju than 1 or 2 class student but different other difference was not seen by class. 2. Mans high school students had more students who do not than a smoking student and a student who smoke more than 3 years was the most. I can know was old since third-year student smokes than 1 or 2 class student. 3. It was not difference that keep in mind by drinking, smoking availability although there were many students who recognize that all of the on-time dental medical examination, sugar intake limitation, fluorine inclusion toothpaste, teeth fluorine application are seldom effective on caries prevention. 4. Recognized that right brushing is effective relatively on caries prevention. I was shown difference that recognized that righter brushing is effective on bad tooth courtesy call than a student who a student who do not smoke does, and keeps in mind according to smoking availability ($x^2$=6.78, p<0.05). 5. I knew best about question of 'A caries may not treat if is painless' among that question ask knowledge for a caries, and appeared by thing which do not know best about question of 'Know that method that supply fluorine in water'. 6. A student who do not drink general dental know-how for a caries was high knowledge degree for a caries than a drunk student but it was no difference that keep in mind by drinking availability. Also, a student who do not smoke by smoking availability was high knowledge degree for a caries than a done student but difference that keep in mind statistically was not seen. 7. It was no difference that keep in mind by drinking availability, but a student who do not smoke by smoking availability was high relation knowledge degree with food and a caries than a smoked student, and I was shown difference that keep in mind according to smoking availability(t=-2.03, p<0.05). 8. Awareness and synthetic estimation degree of knowledge degree a student who do not smoke than a smoked student mouth knowledge degree high, and I was shown difference that keep in mind according to smoking availability(t=-2.03, p<0.05). When see as result such as singularity, family, school, all social institutions may have to help by national business coming and try so that can become national business based on special know-how for development of effective and epoch-making education program as quickly as possible.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.317-327
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge of dental hygiene students on smoking and their state of smoking in an attempt to assist dental hygienists to develop good anti-smoking education programs, as dental hygienists should play a critical role in conducting an anti-smoking campaign and education. The subjects in this study were dental hygiene students in six different colleges located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. After a survey was conducted from April to June, 2007, the answer sheets from 1,322 students were gathered and analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. As for the reality of smoking, 82.7% were nonsmokers, and 12.2% had been smokers in the past, 5.1% were smokers, which accounted for 5%. Regarding when they started smoking, 47.1% and 35.3% started it in middle school and high school days respectively. So 80% or more began smoking as middle and high schoolers. As to a daily amount of smoking, 36.8% smoked five or less cigarettes, and 22.1% smoked six to 10 cigarettes, 14.7 % smoked 11 to 15 cigarettes. Concerning motivation of smoking, 51.5% did it out of curiosity, and 26.6% intended to get rid of stress. Among the smokers, 80.9% had ever tried to quit smoking, and as for the reason, 51.0 % wanted not to develop a disease in the future, and 25.0% weren't in good health. In regard to what made them fail to give up smoking, 49.0% answered they were increasingly stressed out, and 24.0 % were tempted by others. 2. As to the impact of smoking on the body and illness, the largest group believed it affected unborn babies, and the second largest group was aware of the harmfulness of secondhand smoking. The third largest group thought it exercised an influence on the lung and respiratory ailments, and the fourth largest group believed it was detrimental to health. The fifth greatest group thought tar was harmful to the body. They didn't know well about whether smoking deteriorated the sense of taste, but were well cognizant of the harmfulness of smoking. 3, Their knowledge on the impact of smoking on the body and diseases was evaluated by academic year and in consideration of whether they were smokers or not. And the largest number of them knew the best about smoking's impact on unborn babies and the harmfulness of secondhand smoking, regardless of academic year and whether they were smokers or not. They weren't well aware of its impact on weakening the sense of taste.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.471-480
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was designed to provide basic information for smoking prevention education for middle school students by examining their knowledge and attitudes toward smoking. Method: A survey was conducted in this study on 1.250 students from 12 middle schools in the six educational bureaus in the Busan region. Results from the preliminary survey showed that the reliability of the instruments for knowledge and attitudes toward smoking were 0.84 and 0.86. respectively. The data for this study were collected for 20 days from Dec. 1 to 20, 2000, and then statistically analyzed with the SAS program using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. and two-way ANOVA. Results: (1) The highest frequency of responses found that both male and female students did not smoke at all. Among 170 students who had experiences of smoking, 66.5% reported they tried smoking because of curiosity, and 38.2% reported they first smoked during the 2nd grade of middle school and 1.2% during 4th grade of primary school. (2) In scores on smoking knowledge, the item with the highest score in both male and female students was one that they had no smoking experiences et al. followed by smoking experiences in the past and experiences of regular smoking. (3) In scores on attitude toward smoking, both male and female students were scored as the highest at the item that they had no smoking experiences et all. followed by the item that they smoked in the past and that they experienced regular smoking. (4) There was no significant correlation between knowledge and attitude toward smoking among the whole subjects (r=0.09. P=0.00). With regard to regular smoking experiences among the male and female students at the 3rd grade of middle school. there was a relatively high correlation between knowledge and attitude toward smoking among them (r=0.57. P=0.00: r=0.56. P=0.01). Conclusion: Students who had never smoked or smoked only in the past need smoking prevention education consistently. Particularly, for those who were regular smokers, not only individualized but also organized in small size groups, they need an intensive educational program on the basis of counseling to reduce smoking and to put in practice smoking cessation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.840-849
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• 2005

In order to investigate the relationship between intake conditions of health food and health-related factors by residence and sex in Tong-Young area, a survey was carried out from 1,303 adults. Health foods were classified 3 groups including vitamin and mineral supplements, toner foods and manufactured health food supplements. Health-related factors were stress, fatigue, smoking and drinking. The $29.5\%$ of the subjects had taken some health food for health. Especially the male took more toner foods habitually than the female did. In take of vitamin and mineral supplements by residence, there was a significant difference $(p\leq0.01)$ as follows. The subjects in island $(20.0\%)$ who took vitamin/mineral supplements were about two times as compared with the subjects in Dong $(10.8\%)$, or Eub-Myeon $(10.0\%)$. The subjects taking supplementary food replied over fair $(82.8\%)$, the subjects taking toner food replied over fair (90.3$\%$) scored higher than who replied bad or very bad in self-perceived health status. Therefore, the better the subjects felt self-perceived health status, the more they took health foods for health themselves. In self-perceived stress status, the subjects who replied a little $(50.0\%,\;45.3\%)$ or little $(19.9\%,\;26.4\%)$, took vitamin and mineral supplements or manufactured health foods a lot. In toner food there was a significant correlation $(p\leq0.05)$ as follows. The less the subjects felt stress, the more they took dietry supplement. No smoker $(12.9\%)$intake rate of vitamin and mineral supplements was higher than smoker $(8.8\%)$. Smokers $(6.5\%)$ intake rate of toner food was higher than no smoker $(4.0\%)$. It was not significant the relationship between intake condition of health food and drinking. The main motivation for taking health food were by self-decision and invitation of friends or neighbors.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of smoking among some college students, the smoking motivation of smoker students, what made them quit smoking and how they got ready for giving up smoking, as smoking had a huge impact on national health and there was a desperate necessity for preventive antismoking education programs to let students keep away from smoking. After a survey was conducted with self-administered questionnaires from October 1 through November 1, 2006, the responses from 400 students were gathered, and 384 answer sheets were analyzed except 16 incomplete ones. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. By gender, 62.4% of the male students and 28.6% of the female students were smokers, and the state of smoking was statistically significantly different according to their gender(p<0.05). 2. The largest number of the male students, which accounted 44.1%, started smoking in their high school days, and 39.5% of the females did that in middle school. As for a daily mean amount of smoking, 41.8% of the male students, the greatest percentage, smoked 10 to 19 cigarettes a day, and one to nine cigarettes were most common among the females, which represented 57.9 %. But the gap between the two was insignificant(p>0.05). As many as 83.6% of the males and 86.8% of the females had ever attempted to quit it. 3. Concerning awareness of antismoking policies, they felt that a raise in cigarette price would lead to less smoking, and that antismoking advertisement or posters through television or newspaper would deliver the same results as well. There was a statistically significant difference among their awareness(p<0.05). 4. Regarding preparation stage for quitting smoking, 31.3% of the male smokers had no intention to give it up, and 23.2% considered it. 36.7%, the largest percentage, got ready to refrain from it. Among the female smokers, 34.2% had no plans to abstain from smoking, and 36.8% took it into consideration. 23.7% got ready to do that. The females who got ready for that were outnumbered the males who did. 5. As to connections between the state of smoking and relevant knowledge, the students didn't have a good knowledge on that, and a statistically significant difference existed between the smokers and nonsmokers in smoking knowledge. 6. As for knowledge about oral diseases, they were highly cognizant of the relationship of smoking to tooth discoloration, nicotine stomatitis and bad breath, but they didn't know well about its relationship to delayed recovery from dental treatment, implant failure and ozena. Their smoking condition made a statistically significant difference to their knowledge(p<0.05). In the future, sustained research efforts should be channeled into determining how much smoking affects health and concerns oral diseases, and antismoking counseling programs should be prepared to bolster people's awareness of oral health.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.354-363
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• 2016

This study examined the relationships among levels of knowledge, attitude and preventive behavior regarding tuberculosis in service workers. The survey period was 1 - 7 October, 2015 with service workers who work in large scale stores in Jeonnam. The collected data were analyzed using an independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. The mean score for knowledge about tuberculosis was $14.05{\pm}6.39$, the mean score of attitude toward tuberculosis was $29.87{\pm}4.89$ and the mean score of preventive behavior for tuberculosis was $31.44{\pm}4.86$. Preventive behavior was found to have significant relationships with gender, marital status, smoking, job satisfaction, and subjective health status. A slightly positive correlation was observed between the knowledge of tuberculosis and the attitudes toward tuberculosis. A positive correlation was noted between the attitude toward tuberculosis and preventive behavior for tuberculosis, while there was a negative correlation between the preventive behavior and age. Therefore, is necessary to consider the related factors for the development and implementation of systematic education programs that can encourage and promote preventive behavior for tuberculosis among service workers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.180-191
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify teacher's knowledge about sodium, dietary behaviors related to sodium, attitudes towards a low-salt diet, and meal attitude guidance as well as examine the relationship between these variables. Methods: The participants were 351 teachers at an elementary school in the Jeonbuk area. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS v. 20.0. Results: The score for teachers' knowledge about sodium was 12.92 points of a possible 16, the score for dietary behavior related to sodium was 46.85 points of a possible 70, and the score for attitude towards a low-salt diet was 33.63 points of a possible 50. Their score for meal attitude guidance was 59.95 points of a possible 80. The knowledge showed significant differences by hypertension drug (p < 0.05) and stress level (p < 0.05). The dietary behavior of sodium use showed significant differences by gender (p < 0.01), work experience (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.01), drinking (p < 0.05), concern about health (p < 0.05), and stress level (p < 0.05). The attitude towards a low-salt diet showed significant differences by gender (p < 0.05), marital status (p < 0.05), work experience (p < 0.05), drinking (p < 0.05), concern about health (p < 0.001), and stress level (p < 0.05). Meal attitude guidance showed a significant difference by marital status (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), work experience (p < 0.001), drinking (p < 0.01), regularity of health checkup (p < 0.001), concern about health (p < 0.001), and stress level (p < 0.05). There was a low positive correlation between knowledge about sodium and dietary behavior related to sodium as well as between dietary behavior related to sodium and attitudes towards a low-salt diet. Attitudes towards a low-salt diet showed a positive correlation with meal attitude guidance. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to consider educational programs on increasing knowledge and attitudes towards a low-salt diet in teachers for improvement of meal attitude guidance activities for students.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2003

A simulated control group pretest-posttest design was used to investigate the effects of a health promotion education program on knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy in sexuality, drinking, and smoking among college women. The subjects included 17 women in the experimental group, and twenty in the control group. This program was carried out for a total of four sessions, two hours per session once a week. The results were as follows； 1) Knowledge on sexuality, drinking, and smoking increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group (U＝66.50, p＝.001 ； U＝23.50, p＝.000； U＝29.50, p＝.000). 2) For attitude, only the attitude to drinking showed a significant difference between the two groups (U＝76.00, p＝.004). 3) For self-efficacy, only self-efficacy on drinking showed a significant difference between the two groups (U＝55.00, p＝.000). In conclusion, the health promotion program for college women increased their knowledge on sexuality, drinking, and smoking. This program affected their attitude and self-efficacy towards moderation in drinking. A even more appropriate education program on sexuality, drinking, and smoking for college women could be developed using this program by addressing the limitations in this study and repeating the study with a more varied sample.