• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.72-80
• /
• 2000

The HS/GC/MS method was performed to analyze the volatile organic compounds in waste sludge samples. This study was performed to establish the fundamental data by studying the effects of salt, equilibrium temperature and time in the volatile organic compounds analysis. The presence of salts have been found to increase the sensitivity. The peak area is increased from 1.07 to 2.61 times by adding the salts to the water sample, compared with a salt tree sample. The recoveries of target compounds have found between 90% and 127% at sample temperature of $85^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. This HS/GC/MS method can be applied to analyze the volatile organic compounds and organohalo compounds in the environmental matrix.

• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.51-62
• /
• 1999

The recovery of trace volatile organic components from water by pervaporation was investigated. Permeation experiments through homogeneous polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) membrane was carried out and the effect of feed concentrations and membrane thicknesses on the permeation characteristics were investigated. A solution-diffusion model is used to describe the pervaporation transport mechanism. In homogeneous PDMS membrane it appeared that the selectivities of MEK and toluene are constant, and that organic flux has a linear relationship with feed concentration. These results indicate that the coupling effects between organics were negligible. The selectivity of PDMS membranes is invariant with respect to the membrane thickness. The intrinsic membrane permeability of organic components determined by using a solution-diffusion model. Comparing with various composite type membrane, the membrane using PEG treated nonwoven fabric as sublayer showed the best performance in VOC recovery by pervaporation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.958-964
• /
• 2002

To select the irradiation-induced marker components from volatile flavor compounds in irradiated chicken, and complement the extraction problems of liquid continuous extraction (LLCE) method, the volatile compounds of irradiated (0,1,3,5 and 10 kGy) chicken were analyzed by Purge and Trap (P&T) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods. A total of 119 compounds were detected in irradiated chicken, and these compounds were composed mainly of 7 aldehydes,22 ketones,8 alcohols,30 esters,36 hydrocarbons,8 aromatic compounds and 8 miscellaneous compounds. Among these, only 21 compounds were detected in both LLCE and P&T methods, and the 98 other were detected in omly P&T method. Among volatile compounds detected in irradiated chicken, only 3 compounds such as hexene (r=0.96, p<0.01), propanol (r=0.93, p<0.05) and 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) benzene (r=0.96, p<0.05) were newly selected as marker compounds in irradiated chicken by P&T method, which showed significant and high positive correlation coefficient in the change of relative concentration according to the increment of irradiation dosage.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2009

Surfactant-enhanced air sparging (SEAS) was developed to suppress the surface tension of groundwater prior to air sparging resulting in higher air saturation and larger contact area between NAPL and gas during air sparging. Larger contacting interface between NAPL and gas means faster mass transfer of contaminants from NAPL to gas phase. This new technique, however, is limited to relatively volatile contaminants because vaporization is its basic mechanism of mass transfer. In this study, SEAS was tested at an elevated temperature for a semi-volatile n-decane, which is expected not to be a good candidate of SEAS application due to its low vapor pressure at ambient temperature. Three sparging experiments were conducted using 1-dimensional column (5 cm id, 80 cm length) packed with sand; (1) ambient temperature ($23^{\circ}C$), column saturated with distilled water, (2) SEAS at ambient temperature ($23^{\circ}C$), for n-decane contaminated sand, (3) SEAS at elevated temperature ($73^{\circ}C$), for n-decane contaminated sand. Higher air saturation was achieved by SEAS compared to that by air sparging without surfactant application. The n-decane removal efficiency of SEAS at elevated temperature was significantly higher(> 10 times) than that of ambient SEAS. The n-decane concentrations in the gas effluent from column during SEAS at $73^{\circ}C$ are found to be 10 times of those measured at ambient temperature. Thus, SEAS technique can be applied for removal of semi-volatile contaminants provided that an appropriate technique for elevating aquifer temperature is available.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.287-288
• /
• 2001

휘발성유기화합물질의 처리기술은 크게 연산화, 촉매산화 및 흡착등의 기술과 비교적 최근에 활발히 연구가 진행되고 있는 바이오필터, 전자빔, 플라즈마, UV 산화, 플라즈마-촉매등의 기술이 있다. 휘발성 유기화합물질의 배출원은 매우 다양하나 국내의 경우 대규모의 도장시설이나 석유화학시설등 대형배출원의 경우에는 거의 대부분 연산화, 촉매산화, 흡착등의 기술이 적용되어 사용하고 있다. 한편, 국내에는 휘발성유기화합물질 규제대상 업종으로 중ㆍ소규모의 배출시설도 많이 있으며 이러한 시설들에 적용하기 위해 현재 여러종류의 새로운 기술들이 연구개발중이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.383-384
• /
• 1999

도시대기 중의 광화학 대기오염의 원인인 동시에 사람의 건강상에 유해한 성분(발암성 혹은 돌연변이성)들이 많이 존재하는 것으로 알려진 대기오염물질 중에서도 탄화수소성분에 대한 관심이 최근들어 고조되고 있다. 메탄을 제외한 탄화수소성분을 총칭하여 비메탄계 탄화수소(NMHC)라고 일컫고 있으며, 비메탄계 탄화수소는 알데히드등의 산소화합물을 함유하고 있지 않지만, 휘발성 유기화합물(Volatile Organic Compounds;이하 VOCs)은 산소함유화합물을 포함한 물질을 말한다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2002.04a
• /
• pp.289-290
• /
• 2002

휘발성 유기 화합물(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)은 주로 도장산업, 석유정제 및 저장시설, 화학공업, 자동차 등으로부터 배출되며 광화학적 산화물을 생성시킬 뿐만 아니라 성층권 오존층 파괴나 지구온난화에도 기여함으로써 환경에 악영향을 미치는 물질이다 또한, 대부분의 VOC가 인체에 유해하며 일부 물질들은 발암성을 가지는 것으로 평가되고 있어 배출이 엄격하게 규제되는 물질이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.447-448
• /
• 1999

현재 우리나라는 공단지역에서 발생하는 VOCs(휘발성 유기화합물) 및 악취의 처리에 대한 연구개발 및 기존기술이 매우 취약한 실정이며, 일부 화학공장에서는 축열식 연소장치나 촉매연소장치를 설치하여 운전하고 있지만, 유지비(보조연료비)가 많이 소요되어 제대로 가동하지 못하는 경우가 있다. 대부분 제조업체의 경우, 활성탄 흡착탑을 설치하여 운영하지만, 화학공장에서 발생하는 포름알데히드, 스티렌 등과 같은 일부 물질은 흡착탑 내부에 타-르 같은 물질이 침적하고, 활성탄에 의한 흡착율이 낮으며, 저농도에서도 악취가 발생하므로 이러한 저농도 VOCs 물질들의 처리에 Biofilter를 적용하여 처리가능성을 조사하였다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.265-266
• /
• 2002

휘발성 유기화합물(Volatile Oraganic Compounds: VOCs)은 오존 등의 광화학 스모그 생성의 원인물질일 뿐만 아니라 발암성의 유해물질, 지구온난화, 대기중의 악취물질 등으로 환경 및 건강에 악영향을 초래한다. 최근 들어 VOCs에 대한 대기중 배출규제가 강화됨에 따라 이를 효과적으로 제거 또는 회수하는 연구가 매우 중요시되고 있으며, 활성탄을 이용한 흡착은 이러한 기체상의 VOCs 분자를 고체 흡착제에 약한 분자력의 인력에 의해 접촉시켜 분리하는 공정으로 회수율 및 에너지 절약의 관점에서 효과적인 방법으로 알려져 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 1999.04a
• /
• pp.211-213
• /
• 1999