• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.26-31
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• 2005

An efficient estimation of the aerodynamic characteristics for missile configurations is essential in the preliminary stage of a missile design. In this study, a Missile DATCOM family code based on the semi-empirical method was utilized for this purpose. In order to check the accuracy and reliability of the code several test cases have been considered: subsonic flow with high angles of attack and supersonic flow with moderate angles of attack. It turned out that the code in general provides prediction in qualitative agreement with the experimental data and results by other works. Finally, the code was applied to a more complicated missile configuration with canard and freely spinning tail fin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.648-656
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• 2022

As environmental regulations such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO)'s strategy to reduce greenhouse gases(GHG) are strengthened, technology development such as eco-friendly ships and alternative fuels is expanding. As part of this, ship propulsion technology using energy reduction and wind propulsion technology is emerging, especially in shipping companies and shipbuilders. By securing wind propulsion technology and introducing empirical research into shipbuilding and shipping, a high value-added market using eco-friendly technology can be created. Moreover, by reducing the fuel consumption rate of operating ships, GHG can be reduced by 6-8%. Rotor Sail (RS) technology is to generate a hydrodynamic lift in the vertical direction of the cylinder when the circular cylinder rotates at a constant speed and passes through the fluid. This is called the Magnus effect, and this study attempted to propose a plan to increase propulsion efficiency through a numerical analysis study on turbulence flow characteristics around RS, a wind power assistance propulsion system installed on a ship. Therefore, C_L and C_D values according to SR and AR changes were derived as parameters that affect the aerodynamic force of the RS, and the flow characteristics around the rotor sail were compared according to EP application.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.3135-3147
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• 1993

A numerical method is presented which can solve the steady flow and heat transfer from a rotating and heated circular cylinder in a uniform flow for a range of Reynolds number form 5 to 100. The steady response of the flow and heat transfer is simulated for various spin parameter. The effects on the flow field and heat transfer characteristics known as lift, drag and heat transfer coefficient are analyzed and the streamlines, velocity vectors, vorticity, temperature distributions around it were scrutinized numerically. As spin parameter increases the region of separation vortex becomes smaller than upper one and the lower region will vanish. The lift force, a large part is due to the pressure force, increases as the Reynolds number and it increases linearly as spin parameter increases. The pressure coefficient changes rapidly with spin parameter on the lower surface of the cylinder and the vorticity is sensitive to the spin parameter near separation region. As spin parameter increases the maximum heat coefficient and the thin thermal layer on front region are moved to direction of rotation. However, with balance between the local increase and decrease, the overal heat transfer coefficient is almost unaffected by rotation.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.18-35
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• 2000

The most dominant type of landslide in Korea is debris flows which mostly take place along mountain slopes during the rainy season, July to August. The landslides have been reported to begin activation when rainfall is more than 200mm within 2days. The debris flows are usually followed by translational slips which occur upper part of mountain slopes and they transit to debris flow as getting down to the valleys. Lithology, location, slope inclination, grain size distribution of soil, permeability, dry density and porosity have been proved as triggering factor causing translational slides. The triggering data taken from mapping are statistically analysed to get landslide potential quantitatively. Rock mass creeps mostly occur on well bedded sedimentary rocks in Kyeongsang Basin. Although the displacement of rock mass creep is relatively small about 1m, the creep can cause severe hazards due to relatively large volume of the involved rock mass. Examples are rock mass creep occurred in the mouth of Hwangryongsan Tunnel, in Chilgok and in Sachon in 1999. Although the direct factor of the creeps are due to slope cutting at the foot area, more attention is required A rotational slide occurring within thick soil formation or weathered rock is also closely related to bottom part of slope cutting. It is propagated circular or semi-circular type. Especially in korea, the rotational slide may be frequently occurred in Tertiary tuff area. Because they are mainly composed of volcanic ash and pyroclastic materials, well developed joints and high degree of swelling and absorption can easily cause the slide. The landslide among the Pohang-Guryongpo national road is belong to this type of slide.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 전기유동유체(Electro-Rheological Fluid : ERF)를 함유하는 지능구조물의 동적 모델링 및 진동제어를 수행하였다. 먼저 실리콘 오일을 기본용매로 하여 조성된 ERF의 복소 전단모듈러스를 전장부하와 가진 주파수의 함수로 동적 회전모드 실험을 통하여 도출한 후, 이를 샌드위치 보 이론과 연계하여 동적 모델링을 실시하였다. 도출된 6차 편미분방정식 형태의 지배 방정식을 유한요소 모델로 이산화하여 전장부하에 따른 지능구조물의 동탄성 특성값인 감쇠 고유 주파수 및 모달 손실계수를 주파수 영역에서 얻었다. 그리고 ERF를 함유한 샌드위치 형태의 지능구조물을 제작한 후 실험적으로 얻은 동탄성 특성값과 모델에 의해 예측된 동탄성 특성값을 비교 고찰하여 제시된 동적 모델에 대한 타당성을 입증하였다. 또한 모델을 통해 전장부하 함수로 예측된 주파수 응답곡선 중에서 각 주파수 대역에 대해 최소 변위가 되는 응답곡선을 요구응답으로 설정한 후, 그에 해당하는 전장부하를 선정하는 논리적인 능동 진동제어 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제어알고리즘의 유용성을 입증하기 위해 실험적으로 수행된 능동 진동제어 결과를 주파수영역과 시간영역에서 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.337-340
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• 2002

The present experimental and numerical investigations are performed for the characteristics of transitional flow in a concentric annulus with a diameter ratio of 0.52, whose outer cylinder is stationary and inner one rotating. The flow field of an annulus has been numerically solved using a finite volume method. The pressure losses and Skin-friction coefficients have been measured for the fully developed flow of water and $0.2{\%}$ aqueous solution of sodium carboximethy1 cellulose (CMC), respectively at inner cylinder rotational speed of $0{\~}600rpm$. The transitional flow has been examined by the measurement of pressure losses to reveal the relation of the Reynolds and Rossby numbers with the skin-friction coefficients. The occurrence of transition has been checked by the gradient changes of pressure losses and skin-friction coefficients with respect to the Reynolds numbers. Consequently the critical(axial-flow) Reynolds number decreases as the rotational speed increases. Thus, the rotation of inner cylinder promotes the early occurrence of transition due to the onset of Taylor vortices.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 진동중인 교량 거더에 작용하는 풍하중을 산정하고 그에 따른 플러터 발생풍속을 예측하기 위하여 분산형 전산환경을 활용한 수치해석 연구를 수행하였다. 분산형 전산환경은 웹 포탈을 기반으로 수치해석 환경을 제공하는 수치풍동 시스템으로서, 전산유체역학(CFD : Computational Fluid Dynamics)에 대한 전문지식이 부족한 사용자들도 격자생성, 수치해석자를 이용한 계산, 가시화 등의 전 과정을 편리하게 수행할 수 있는 차세대 토목분야 연구 환경이다. 본 시스템은 그리드스피어(GfidSphere)를 기반으로 구성되었으며, 기본적으로 사용자 관리, 세션 관리, 그룹 관리, 레이아웃 관리 등을 제공하여 사용자가 포탈을 통해서 다양한 서비스를 쉽게 사용할 수 있는 환경을 구축하도록 도와준다. 수치해석을 위한 유체 지배방정식은 2차원 비정상 비압축성 RANS(Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) 방정식이며, pseudo compressibility 방법을 적용하였다. 비정상 유동장을 해석하기 위하여 이중시간 전진법(dual time stepping)을 사용하였으며, 수렴가속화를 위해 Multi-grid 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 난류 유동장 해석을 위해서 $k-{\omega}$ SST 난류 모델을 사용하였으며, 난류 천이 과정에서의 유동을 모사하기 위하여 Total stress limitation 방법을 적용하였다. 교량 거더의 연직과 회전방향의 2자유도 움직임을 모사하기 위하여 동적격자 기법을 도입하였다. 교량 거더 주변의 비정상 유동해석 결과를 통해, 거더 표면에서 떨어져나가는 크고 작은 와류의 영향으로 양력 및 모멘트 계수 그래프가 중첩된 진폭과 주기를 갖고 주기적으로 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 계산된 비정상 공기력을 적용한 2자유도 플러터 방정식을 통하여 플러터 발생풍속을 산정하였다. 최종적으로 본 연구에서 계산된 결과의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 수치적으로 구한 플러터 발생풍속과 기존의 실험 및 수치해석 결과를 비교하였으며, 결과는 잘 일치하였다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.36-43
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• 2000

In this paper a Vortex Lattice Method is used to predict the performances of a contra-Rotating Propeller. Greeley and Kerwin's(1982) wake model is adopted instead of the exact trailing vortex geometry. The interaction of the two propellers is treated by the sense that the induction of one propeller upon the other propeller is averaged in the circumferential direction . Two single propellers (DTRC 4119 & DTRC 4842) are chosen and compared with the experimental and other numerical results published. Then the computational results for three CRP's (4-0-4 CRP(DTRC 3686+DTRC 3687A) 4-0-5 CRP(DTRC 3686+DTRC 3849) & DTRC CRT(DTRC 5067+DTRC 5068) are compared with the experimental and numerical results published. The interaction of both propellers by the change of inflow velocity and circulation of each propeller is investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2020

The effect of the relative location between pre-swirl nozzle and receiver hole on the performance of radial on-board injection type pre-swirl system was analyzed. In this study, tendency of the change of discharge coefficient and temperature drop efficiency were analyzed for 20 design points through the combination of 5 pre-swirl nozzle location and 4 receiver hole location. Discharge coefficient of system tended to be similar to the pressure ratio of the pre-swirl nozzle. System performance variation occurred as the flow structure in the cavity was affected by the surface, and the influence of the stationary surface is greater than that of the rotating surface. Discharge coefficient of system changed -1.39% to 1.25% and temperature drop efficiency changed -5.41% to 2.94% refer to reference design point.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.638-644
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• 2010

Numerical predictions of a fully developed turbulent flow through a square duct ($30mm{\times}30mm$) with twisted tape inserts and with twisted tape plus interrupted ribs are respectively conducted to investigate regionally averaged heat transfer and flow patterns. A rib height-to-channel hydraulic diameter(e/$D_h$) of 0.067 and a lengthto-hydraulic diameter(L/$D_h$) of 30 are considered at Reynolds number ranging 8,900 to 29,000. The interrupted ribs are axially arranged on the bottom wall. The twisted tape is 0.1 mm thick carbon steel sheet with diameter of 28 mm, length of 900 mm, and 2.5 turns. Each wall of the square channel is composed of isolated aluminum sections. Two heating conditions are investigated for test channels with twisted tape inserts and rib turbulators: (1) electric heat uniformly applied to four side walls of the square duct, and (2) electric heat uniformly applied to two opposite walls of the square channel. The results show that uneven surface heating enhances the heat transfer coefficient over uniform heating conditions, and significant improvements can be achieved with twisted tape inserts plus interrupted ribs.